經濟視角下的《金瓶梅》倫理敘事分析

An analysis of the ethical narrative of Jing Ping Mei from an economic perspective

郭子瑄(KUO, TZU-HSUAN)

金瓶梅 ； 倫理敘事 ； 士商關係 ； 功利主義 ； 經濟視角 ； Jing Ping Mei ； Ethical Narrative ； Scholar-Business Relationship ； Utilitarianism ； Economic Perspective

輔大中研所學刊

47期（2024 / 05 / 01）

45 - 66

繁體中文;英文

晚明出口貿易發達，商業迅速發展，自由經濟不僅改變時人貨幣觀念與消費方式，對思想和倫理秩序更造成劇烈衝擊。在金錢構築的《金瓶梅》世界，串聯人際關係的不再是血緣倫理，而是金錢與利益。本文將以晚明的經濟為背景切入，先從「士商關係」探查社會價值觀念的轉變，對時代做整體觀照；再分別以西門府內和府外的社會網絡為主要觀察對象，分析家庭中「父子」與「夫妻」二倫面臨的倫理失序問題，以及在功利主義影響下，血緣如何被金錢取代，構築「假」的倫理關係，引發社會亂象。筆者也將進一步探討書中人物在慾望爭逐的過程所體現的道德失序危機和生命困境，如此當可瞭解寫作者面臨的時代問題，以及隱含在小說文本背後的社會觀察與政治關懷。

The exportation and business developed and grew rapidly in the late Ming Dynasty. The free economy not only changed people's perception of currency and consumption patterns, but also had a tremendous impact on the ideological and ethical order. In Jing Ping Mei, the whole world is constructed by money. It is money and profits that connects the interpersonal relationship instead of consanguinity or ethics. Based on the economy background of the late Ming Dynasty, I aim to discuss Jing Ping Mei from the three dimensions below. First, exploring the changes of social values from the perspective of "Scholar-Business Relationship" and to have the overall view of the times. Second, taking the social networks inside and outside of the Ximen Mansion as the main observation objects, the study concerns the ethical disorder problems that "Father and Son" and "Husband and Wife" in the family faced. Last but not least, under the influence of utilitarianism, how was blood relationship being replaced by money and constructed the "fake" ethical relationships, causing social chaos. I will further analyze the crisis of moral disorder and the life dilemma embodied in the process of desire struggling in this novel to understand the contemporary problems the writer faced, as well as the social observations and political concerns implied behind Jing Ping Mei.