應用跨理論模式於北市士林區高中學生每日五蔬果行爲之調查研究

Application of Transtheoretical Model to Investigate 5-a-day Behavior among the Students of the Senior High Schools in Shilin District of Taipei City

10.30026/CJSH.201006.0003

兵逸儂(Yi-Nung Ping)；鄭惠美(Huey-Mei Jeng)

每日五蔬果 ； 跨理論模式 ； 高中生 ； 5-a-day behavior ； senior high school ； transtheoretical model

學校衛生

56期（2010 / 06 / 01）

39 - 58

繁體中文

本研究旨在瞭解高中生每日五蔬果知識、社會心理變項與行為之現況與影響因素。母群體為台北市士林區高一學生，採立意取樣，取陽明高中與明倫高中一年級之453學生為樣本。重要結果如下： 一、研究對象之每日五蔬果行為階段為前沉思期者最多(25.8%)，一週達到天數平均為3.11天。 二、研究對象之外食頻率與自覺障礙呈顯著正相關，與自我效能、一週達到天數及採取行動與否呈顯著負相關；父母備餐頻率與自覺障礙呈顯著負相關，與自我效能、一週達到天數及採取行動與否呈顯著正相關。 三、研究對象之知識、自覺利益、自我效能與一週達到天數呈顯著正相關；自覺障礙與一週達到天數呈顯著負相關。 四、研究對象之自覺障礙與採取行動與否呈顯著負相關；自我效能與採取行動與否呈顯著正相關。 五、探討研究對象之社會人口學變項、知識、社會心理變項，對每日五蔬果行為之預測力，整體模式關連強度係數Nagelkerke R^2=.316，顯示預測變項與依變項間有中度關係存在；其中「自我效能」為預測行為的主要變項。

The purpose of this study is to understand senior high school students' current situations and effect factors of 5-a-day knowledge, 5-a-day psychosocial variable, 5-a-day behavior stage of change. 453 first-grade students are from Yangming Senior High School and Minglun Senior High School. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1. The study subjects' 5-a-day behavior stage of change is mostly located at precontemplation (25.8%). In a week, 3.11 days are achieved as 5-a-day. 2. The subjects' eat-out frequency and self-perceived barriers of 5-a-day show a significant positive correlation; while eat-out frequency and self-efficacy of 5-a-day, the number of days in a week reaching 5-a-day show a negative correlation. The meal-making frequency by the parents of the subjects and self-perceived barriers of 5-a-day show a significant negative correlation; The meal-making frequency by the parents of the subjects and self-efficacy of 5-a-day, the number of days in a week reaching 5-a-day show a significant positive correlation. 3. The subjects' knowledge of 5-a-day, self-perceived benefits of daily 5-a-day, self-efficacy of 5-a-day and the number of days in a week reaching 5-a-day show a significant positive correlation; self-perceived barriers of 5-a-day and the number of days in a week reaching 5-a-day show a significant negative correlation. 4. The subjects' self-perceived barriers of 5-a-day and actions of 5-a-day show a significant negative correlation; The subjects' self-perceived benefit of 5-a-day and actions of 5-a-day show a significant positive correlation. 5. While exploring the predictive ability of 5-a-day knowledge, 5-a-day psychosocial variable towards 5-a-day behavior, the correlation strength coefficient of overall model is Nagelkerke R^2=.316 showing that there exists medium relationship between dependent variable and independent variables. In view of the salience indicators of individual parameter, ”the self-efficacy of 5-a-day” which are the main factors for predicting the research subjects' 5-a-day behavior.

1. 洪秀吉、張彩秀(2005)。某科技大學學生飲食控制行為之相關因素探討。弘光學報，46，25-34。
   連結：
2. 黃淑貞、姚元青(1999)。大學生的健康信念、飲食相關自我效能與飲食行為研究。師大學報：教育類，44(1/2)，43-53。
   連結：
3. 魏米秀、呂昌明(2006)。以焦點團體訪談探討大學生蔬果攝取行為的影響因素。衛生教育學報，26，125-145。
   連結：
4. 魏米秀、陳建宏、呂昌明(2005)。應用市場區隔分析大專生蔬果攝取行為之研究—以某技術學院二專部學生為例。衛生教育學報，23，1-18。
   連結：
5. 行政院衛生署（2007）。天天5蔬果 健康又樂活。2010年4月13日，取自行政院衛生署網址 http://www.doh.gov.tw/CHT2006/DM/SEARCH_RESULT.aspx
6. World Health Orgnization. (2003). Symposium aims to expand 5 a day initiative to boost fruit and vegetable consumption. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from World Health Orgnization Web site: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2003/pr1/en/
7. Campbell, M. K.,Reynolds, K. D.,Havas, S.,Curry, S.,Bishop, D.,Nicklas, T.(1999).Stages of change for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among adults and young adults participating in the national 5-a-Day for better health community studies.Health Education & Behavior,26(4),513-534.
8. Dibsdall, L.,Lambert, N.,Bobbin, R.,Frewer, L.(2003).Low-income consumers' attitudes and behaviour towards access, availability and motivation to eat fruit and vegetables.Public Health Nutrition,6(2),159-169.
9. Driskell, M. M.,Dyment, S.,Mauriello, L.,Castle, P.,Sherman, K.(2008).Relationship among multiple behaviors for childhood and adolescent obesity prevention.Preventive Medicine,46,209-215.
10. Duyn, M. A. S. V.,Heimeninger, J.,Russek-Cohen, E.,Diclemente, C. C.,Sims, L. S.,Subar, A. F.(1998).Use of the Transtheoretical Model of Change to successfully predict fruit and vegetable consumption.Journal of Nutrition Education,30(6),371-380.
11. Granner, M. L.,Sargent, R. G.,Calderon, K. S.,Hussey, J. R.,Evans, A. E.,Watkins, K. W.(2004).Factor of fruit and vegetable intake by race, gender and age among young adolescents.Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior,36,173-180.
12. Henry, H.,Reimer, K.,Smith, C.,Reicks, M.(2006).Associations of decisional balance, processes of change, and self-efficacy with stage of change for increased fruit and vegetable intake among ow-income, African-American Mothers.Journal of the American Dietetic Association,106,841-849.
13. Horacek, T.,White, A.,Betts, N. M.,Hoerr, S.,Georgiou, C.,Nitzke, S.(2002).Self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and weight atisfaction discriminate among stages of change for fruit and vegetable intakes for young men and women.Journal of the American Dietetic Association,102(10),1466-1470.
14. Kloek, G. C.,Lenthe, F. J.,Nierpo, P. W. M.,Mackenbach, J. P.(2004).Stages of change for fruit and vegetable consumption in deprived neighborhoods.Health Education and Behavior,31(2),223-241.
15. Kubik, M. Y.,Lytle, L. A.,Hannan, P. J.,Perry, C. L.,Story, M.(2003).The association of the school food environment with dietary behaviors of young adolescents.American Journal of Public Health,93(7),1168-1173.
16. Lytle, L. A.,Varnell, S.,Murray, D. M.,Story, M.,Perry, C.,Birnbaum, A. S.(2003).Predicting adolescents' Intake of Fruits and vegetables.Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior,35(4),170-178.
17. Nicklas, T A.,O''Neil, C. E.(2000).Process of conducting a 5-a-Day intervention with high school students: Gimme 5 (Louisiana).Health Education & Behavior,27(2),201-212.
18. Noia, J. D.,Schinke, S. P.,Prochaska, J. O.,Contento, I. R.(2006).Application of the Transtheoretical Model to fruit and vegetable consumption among economically disadvantaged African-American Adolescent: Preliminary findings.American Journal of Health Promotion,20(5),342-348.
19. Oliveira, M. C. F.,Anderson, J.,Auld, G.,Kendall, P.(2005).Validation of a tool to measure processes of change for fruit and vegetable consumption among male college students.Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior,37(1),2-11.
20. Ounpuu, S.,Woolcott, D.,Greene, G.(2000).Defining stage of change for lower-fat eating.Journal of the American Dietetic Association,100,674-679.
21. Rapley, J.,Coulson, N. S.(2005).Stage of change and consumption of fruit and vegetable among adolescent females.British Food Journal,107(9),663-669.
22. Story, M.,Mays, R. W.,Bishop, D. B.,Perry, C. L.,Taylor, G.,Simith, M.(2000).5-a-Day power plus: process evaluation of a multicomponent elementary school program to increase fruit and vegetable consumption.Health Education & Behavior,27(2),187-200.
23. Vet, E.,Nooijer, J.,Vries, N. K.,Brug, J.(2005).Determinants of forward stage transition from precontemplation and contemplation for fruit consumption.America Journal of Health Promotion,19(4),278-285.
24. Williams, J.(2000).A study to determine actual consumption, awareness of health benefits and factors influencing fruit and vegetable consumption in first-year undergraduate students.Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics,13(5),363-371.
25. Wilson, D. K.,Friend, R.,Teasley, N.,Green, S.,Reaves, I. L.,Sica, D. A.(2002).Motivational versus social cognitive interventions for promoting fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity in African American adolescents.Society of Behavioral Medicine,24(4),310-319.
26. Young, E. M.,Fasha, S. W. F. D.,Hayes, D. M.(2004).Association between perceived parent behaviors and middle school fruit and vegetable consumption.Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior,36,2-12.
27. 李明禹(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所。
28. 林姿伶(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所。
29. 胡惠碧(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育系。
30. 張玉鳳(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育系。
31. 張承晉、林湜婷(2006)。食物偏好和飲食自我效能對健康飲食型態的影響。中華家政學刊，39，15-29。
32. 陳俐蓉(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育系。
33. 陳政友(1999)。大學生健康生活型態與相關因素研究—以國立台灣師範大學四年級學生為例。衛生教育學報，12，115-135。
34. 章慶堅、胡雪萍(2006)。某院住宿生營養知識和飲食行為與低密度營養教育成效研究。台灣營養學會雜誌，31(2)，40-48。
35. 曾明淑、高美丁、葉文婷、潘文涵(1999)。Food consumption frequency and habit among Taiwanese-NAHSIT 1993-1996。中華民國營養學會雜誌，24(1)，59-80。
36. 黃美惠(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中山醫學大學營養科學研究所。
37. 蔡晏儒(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所。
38. 蔡瑞珍、陳怡君、胡雪萍(2001)。某職場員工階段性行為的改變與營養活動之成效探討。中華民國營養學會雜誌，27(1)，24-34。
39. 鄭淑芬(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台北護理學院護理研究所。
40. 鄭惠美(2000)。學童家長與學童蔬果攝取行為研究。衛生教育學報，13，91-106。
41. 蘇鳳足(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所。