桃園市北區國小導師對學童近視防治行為意圖及其相關因素研究

A Study on Elementary School Teachers' Behavioral Intention and Related Factors for School Children Myopia Prevention in the North District, Taoyuan City

10.30026/CJSH.202312_(77).0001

林慧玲(Heui-Ling Lin)；葉國樑(Gwo-Liang Yeh)；曾治乾(Chie-Chien Tseng)；黃禎貞(Jen-Jen Huang)

國小教師 ； 近視防治 ； 健康信念 ； 自我效能 ； 行為意圖 ； elementary school teachers ； myopia prevention ； health beliefs ； self-efficacy ； behavior intention

學校衛生

77期（2023 / 12 / 01）

1 - 38

繁體中文;英文

以桃園市北區某三個行政區109學年度現職公立國民小學班級導師為母群體，採分層集束抽樣法以學校為抽樣單位，以自編結構式問卷為研究工具，共得有效問卷共341份，有效回收率97.7%。本研究的結果如下：一、研究對象「自覺學童近視罹患性」會因「年齡」、「婚姻狀況」、「是否有子女」、「子女是否近視」而有顯著差異；研究對象「自覺學童近視防治障礙性」會因「教育程度」、「服務年資」、「婚姻狀況」、「是否有子女」而有顯著差異；研究對象「自覺學童近視防治之行動效益」會因「是否有子女」而有顯著差異，而「對學童近視防治之行動線索」則會因「婚姻狀況」、「是否有子女」有顯著差異；另外研究對象對「學童近視防治之自我效能」會因「年齡」、「婚姻狀況」、「是否有子女」、「子女是否近視」、「服務年資」、「任教年級」、「是否參與學童近視防治研習課程」而有顯著差異；而「對學童採取近視防治行為意圖」則會因「性別」而有顯著差異。二、研究對象「自覺學童近視罹患性」、「自覺學童近視嚴重性」、「自覺學童近視防治效益性」越高，而「自覺學童近視防治障礙性」越低者，對學童近視防治行為意圖越高。三、「對學童近視防治健康信念」、「對學童近視防治之自我效能」與「社會人口學變項」可解釋「對學童採取近視防治之行為意圖」達42.6%。其中影響力最大的為「對學童近視防治之自我效能」。

The study focused on current class teachers in public elementary schools within three administrative districts in the North District of Taoyuan City for the academic year 109. Stratified cluster sampling was utilized, with schools as the sampling units. A self-compiled structured questionnaire served as the research tool, and a total of 341 valid responses were collected, resulting in an effective response rate of 97.7%. The study's findings are summarized as follows: 1. Among the study participants, there were significant differences in the health beliefs about "perceived susceptibility of student myopia" based on factors such as "age," "marital status," "parental status," and "whether children have myopia." The "perceived barriers of student myopia prevention" varied significantly depending on factors such as "educational level," "years of service," "marital status," and "parental status." The "perceived benefits of student myopia prevention" differed significantly based on "parental status." Additionally, the "cues to action for student myopia prevention" varied significantly based on "educational level," "marital status," "parental status," "teaching grade," "participation in student myopia prevention workshops" and "involvement as a health and physical education teacher." Moreover, the study participants' "self-efficacy for student myopia prevention" differed significantly based on "age," "parental status," "whether children have myopia," "years of service," "teaching grade," and "participation in student myopia prevention workshops." The "behavior intention for student myopia prevention" varied significantly based on "gender." 2. The study revealed that individuals with higher levels of "perceived susceptibility of student myopia", "perceived severity of student myopia", "perceived benefit of student myopia prevention", "cues to action for student myopia prevention" and those with lower "perceived barriers of student myopia prevention" were more likely to have stronger "behavior intention of student myopia prevention". 3. The variables "health beliefs about student myopia prevention", "self-efficacy for student myopia prevention" and "sociodemographic variables" accounted for 42.6% of the "behavior intention for student myopia prevention". Among these variables, "self-efficacy for student myopia prevention" had the most significant impact.

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