Lokale und Direktionale im Deutsch-Chinesischen Vergleich

A Contrastive Analysis of Locatives and Directionals in German and Mandarin Chinese

10.29716/TKSFLL.201206.0007

羅麗蓓(Lyih-Peir Luo)

介詞短語 ； 格位切換 ； 處所義 ； 趨向義 ； 標量動詞 ； prepositional phrases ； case alternation ； locatives ； directionals ； scalar verbs

淡江外語論叢

19期（2012 / 06 / 01）

149 - 171

德文

本文比較德語「支配可變格位的介詞」短語和現代漢語動後短語「在+處所詞」。以持續性時間副詞測試，若事件進行的時程和處所是共同擴張的，那麼介詞短語會得到處所義；反之，則為趨向義。本文提出幾點說明表趨向的介詞短語在句法分佈上會受到的限制，分別是動詞具高施事性、標量上有明確的終結點，以及該終結點可由表趨向的介詞短語呈現。

This paper compares the variable case prepositions of German with the two types of postverbal zai-phrases in Mandarin Chinese. Both of these constructions alternates between directional and locative interpretations. Using durative time adverbials, I argue that if the event denoted by the verb and the location marked by the prepositional phrase are coextensive, the prepositional phrase has a locative interpretation, otherwise a directional one. I also discuss three constraints on the associated verbs, which might account for the distribution of the directional phrase. One is agentivity, another is whether the verb lexically encodes an explicit endpoint on a scale, and the last is whether this endpoint can be syntactically represented by a directional phrase.

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