錯視圖形設計模組之實證研究

Empirical Research of Optical Illusion Graphic Design Models

10.30105/JDS.201512_18(2).0002

王瓊芬(Chiung-Fen Wang)；王韋堯(Regina W. Y. Wang)

錯視圖形設計 ； 設計模組 ； 構圖 ； 圖義 ； 視點 ； Optical Illusion Graphic Design ； Design Model ； Composition ； Meaning ； Viewpoint

設計學研究

18卷2期（2015 / 12 / 01）

23 - 44

繁體中文

錯視圖形是創作者設計視覺欺騙的圖形去引起觀者知覺的混淆，其圖形具有認知上的解讀空間。因此，一位好的錯視圖形設計者必須有效利用設計特徵將設計的巧思傳達給觀者。本研究目的為：將錯視圖形從「平面構成」、「圖像設計」與「空間知覺」三個面向提出錯視圖形新的設計模組。研究方法為（1）透過實證法探討學生(實驗組與對照組)錯視作品的設計模組。（2）以內容分析法分析錯視設計專書中的錯視設計樣本設計模組。研究結果發現：（1）錯視圖形的設計模組成分有「構圖」：「分離」、「相切」和「重疊」；「圖義」：「單義」、「雙義」和「多義」；「視點」：「單視點」、「雙視點」和「多視點」，由3種成分互相搭配出27種變化組合模式。（2）經過錯視設計模組教學的實驗組，使用的錯視設計模式組合較對照組多。（3）實驗組與對照組學生創作皆偏好「相切+雙義+單視點」設計模組；錯視設計的大師組作品偏好「分離+雙義+單視點」設計模組。希冀本研究結果在設計教育上提出系統化的錯視圖形設計模組，使學生在創作時有所依循；在藝術創作上能夠作為藝術家在設計創意錯視圖形設計時的參考依據。

Optical illusion graphics are creators' use of visual perception bias to design graphics of visual deception to lead to viewers' perception of optical illusion. The purpose of this study is: To propose new design models of optical illusion graphics from three aspects - ＂composition,＂ ＂icon design,＂ and ＂space perception.＂ The research methods are: (1) to use empirical approaches to investigate students' (both the experimental group and control group) design models of optical illusion works; (2) to use content analysis to analyze the design models of samples of optical illusion designs in the specific books of optical illusion designs. The research results showed that: (1) the components of optical illusion design models include ＂composition:＂ ＂separation,＂ ＂tangency,＂ and ＂overlapping;＂ ＂meaning:＂ ＂single meaning,＂ ＂double meanings,＂ and ＂ambiguity;＂ ＂viewpoint:＂ ＂single viewpoint,＂ ＂double viewpoints,＂ and ＂multiple viewpoints;＂ where the combinations of three components create 27 models; (2) the creations of students in both the experimental group and control group preferred the design model of ＂tangency + double meanings + single viewpoint,＂ while those of masters preferred that of ＂separation + double meanings + single viewpoint.＂ It is intended that this study can propose systematic design models of optical illusion graphics to enable students to follow examples during creation, as well as provide the basis for artists' design of optical illusion graphics.

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