男、女田徑選手知覺教練領導行為與運動樂趣來源之相關研究

The Relationship of Perceived Coach Leadership Behaviors and the Sources of Sport Enjoyment for Male and Female Track and Field Athletes

10.5297/ser.200509_7(3).0010

王耀聰(Yao-Tsung Wang)

教練領導行爲 ； 運動樂趣來源 ； coach leadership behavior ； sources of sport enjoyment

大專體育學刊

7卷3期（2005 / 09 / 30）

127 - 140

繁體中文;英文

本研究主要目的在探討：一、男、女田徑選手運動樂趣來源之差異情形。二、男子田徑選手知覺教練領導行為與運動樂趣來源之典型相關情形。三、女子田狸選手知覺教練領導行為與運動樂趣來源之典型相關情形。受試者為參與92年全國中等學校運動會之男、女田徑選手共829人。所有受試者被要求填寫基本資料、運動領導量表和運動樂趣來源量表。以單因子多變量變異數分析及典型相關分析方法分析所有資料。研究結果顯示：一、在「社交和生活機會」的運動樂趣來源體驗上，女選手顯著高於男選手；而在「活動本身」和「知覺能力」的運動樂趣來源體驗上，男選手則顯著高於女選手。二、男子田徑選手知覺其教練展現的「高訓練與指導、高民主、高關懷與高獎勵」的領導行為組型，與「高社交和生活機會、高社會認同和獎勵、高活動本身和高知覺能力」之運動樂趣來源組型有關。三、女子田徑選手知覺其教練展現的「低民主和低關懷」的領導行為，與「低活動本身和低知覺能力」之運動樂趣來源組型有關；女子田徑選手知覺其教練展現的「高訓練與指導、高民主、高關懷與高獎勵」的領導行為組型，亦與「高社交和生活機會、高社會認同和獎勵、高活動本身和高知覺能力」之運動樂趣來源組型有關。最後，本研究根據研究結果提出具體建議，以供教練選手及未來研究參考。

The purposes of this study were: (1) to examine the differences of the sources of sport enjoyment for male and female track and field athletes; (2) to examine the canonical correlation between perceived coach leadership behaviors and the sources of sport enjoyment for male track and field athletes; and (3) to examine the canonical correlation between perceived coach leadership behaviors and the sources of sport enjoyment for female track and field athletes. A total of 829 male and female track and field athletes who participated in 2003 National Mid-school Athletic Games were served as participants. All participants were asked to complete demographic data, Leadership Scale for Sports and the Inventory of Sources of Sport Enjoyment. The one-way MANOVA and canonical correlation statistics methods were used to analyze all collected data. There were three findings. First, the female athletes showed higher source of sport enjoyment experience on 'social and life opportunities' than the male athletes, while male athletes had higher sources of sport enjoyment experiences on 'activity itself and 'perceived competence' than female athletes. Second, the male athletes perceived their coaches' ”high training and instruction, high democracy, high social support and high reward” leadership behaviors pattern were correlated with athletes' ”high social and life opportunities, high social recognition and rewards, high activity itself and high perceived competence” of sources of sport enjoyment pattern. Third, the female athletes perceived their coaches' ”low democracy and low social support” leadership behavior pattern were correlated with athletes' ”low activity itself and low perceived competence” of sources of sport enjoyment pattern. The female athletes perceived their coaches' ”high training and instruction, high democratic, high social support and high reward” leadership behaviors pattern were also correlated with athletes' ”high social and life opportunities, high social recognition and rewards, high activity itself and high perceived competence” of sources of sport enjoyment pattern. Finally, based on the results of the current study, the implications for the coaches and athletes and suggestions for the future studies are discussed.

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