不同高度與負重階梯有氧運動對人體下肢勁度之影響

Effects of Step Aerobics with Various Heights and Loadings on Leg Stiffness

10.5297/ser.1203.007

陳柏潔(Po-Chieh Chen)；翁梓林(Tzu-Lin Wong)；王金成(Jin-Cheng Wang)

動力學逆過程 ； 關節角勁度 ； 關節力矩 ； inverse dynamics ； joint stiffness ； joint moment

大專體育學刊

12卷3期（2010 / 09 / 30）

65 - 71

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的在探討三種不同著地高度（6 英吋、8 英吋、10 英吋）與負重（0%、10%、15%）階梯有 氧運動對人體下肢勁度及關節勁度之影響。以 10 名體育系女生（年齡 19.91 ± 1.14 歲、身高 162.95 ± 3.79 cm、體重 54.29 ± 4.82 kg）為受試者，其下肢皆無傷害。實驗利用一部高速攝影機 Mega speed MS25K(100 Hz) 沿受試者矢狀面進行 2D 拍攝和一台 AMTI 測力板 (1,000 Hz) 同步擷取階梯有氧運動之完整動作週期， 影片經 APAS 動作分析系統取得運動學參數，並結合 DasyLab 6.0 分析軟體所得之動力學參數及引用人體肢 段參數，以動力學逆過程方法運算下肢關節力矩，進一步算出關節角勁度。參數經 SPSS 統計軟體進行混合 設計二因子變異數分析 (two-way ANOVA)，顯著水準 α = .05。本研究結果：下肢勁度在負重 15% 時高度 10 英吋分別對 6 英吋與 8 英吋有顯著效果；踝關節勁度在負重 0% 時高度 6 英吋與 8 英吋有顯著效果；負重 10% 時高度 6 英吋與 10 英吋有顯著效果 (p < .05)。本研究結論：階梯高度增加會使人體下肢勁度減少，顯 示高度增加時的衝擊力較大使身體質心產生較大的垂直位移量。且著地時主要是利用增加踝關節背屈角度來 緩衝因高度增加而變大的地面反作用力。故在從事階梯有氧運動時高度愈高，對下肢及踝關節負荷愈大，且 在高度 10 英吋的階梯上進行增加負重運動，可能會增加下肢受傷的機率。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of step aerobics with various heights (6 inch, 8 inch, 10 inch) and loadings (0% BW, 10% BW, 15% BW) in leg stiffness. Ten female students (aged: 19.91 ± 1.14 years; eight: 162.95 ± 3.79 cm; weight: 54.29 ± 4.82 kg) from the University of Physical Education were voluntarily participated in this study. A Mega high-speed camera (100 Hz) synchronized with an ATMI force plate (1,000 Hz) was used to collect the relative parameters during a cycle of step aerobics. The videos were derived by the APAS motion analysis system to gain the kinematical parameters and the original force signal is processed by DasyLab 6.0 software. The joint stiffness was calculated by the inverse dynamics process which was used to integrate the body segment parameters, kinetics and ground reaction force. Mixed design two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analyses (p＜.05). In the results, the leg stiffness was significantly greater with 10 inch condition compared to 6 and 8 inch condition while loading 15% BW weights. The ankle stiffness was significantly greater with 8 inch condition compared to 6 inch condition while loading 0% BW weights. Ankle stiffness was higher with 10 inch condition compared to 6 inch condition while loading 10% BW weights. These results indicate that the step height increased would reduce the human leg stiffness. It shows that the increasing step height might increase the impact to human body, which would produce higher vertical displacement on the center of gravity, and the subjects would increase the angles of ankle dorsiflexion to reduce the increasing ground reaction force. Hence, it might result in a greater probability of injury to lower extremity joints when the step heights increased. Furthermore, it might also result in a greater probability of injury to lower extremity joints when loading weight on 10 inch condition.

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