自我決定理論在健身運動領域之驗證

Verification of Self-Determination Theory in Exercise Domain

10.5297/ser.1402.006

葉麗琴(Li-Chin Yeh)；葉麗珠(Lih-Ju Yeh)

勝任感 ； 自主性 ； 關係感 ； 自我決定動機 ； competence ； autonomy ； relatedness ； self-determination motivation

大專體育學刊

14卷2期（2012 / 06 / 01）

188 - 196

繁體中文;英文

本研究主要目的為：一、比較不同健身運動參與行為在健身運動心理需求、運動動機和運動樂趣之差異。二、探討勝任感、自主性和關係感對自我決定動機、運動樂趣和運動行為的預測。三、探討自我決定動機對運動樂趣和運動參與行為的預測。四、探討運動樂趣對運動參與行為的預測。本研究之參與者為380位從事健身運動民眾，每位參與者均完成健身運動心理需求滿足感量表、健身運動行為調節問卷、運動行為問卷及運動樂趣量表的施測。所得資料以單因子變異數分析和徑路分析等統計方法進行資料分析。經分析獲致結果如下：一、高健身運動參與組有較高運動心理需求滿足感、自我決定動機與運動樂趣。二、勝任感與自主性可以正向預測自我決定動機；自我決定動機可以正向預測運動樂趣與運動行為；運動樂趣可以正向預測運動行為。本研究結論：本研究結果支持自我決定理論的觀點，驗證了其在健身運動領域的應用，最後根據研究結果對後續研究提出具體建議。

The purposes of this study were: 1. To compare the differences of the psychological needs satisfaction of exercise, exercise motivation, and exercise enjoyment among the subjects with different degree of exercise participation. 2. To explore the prediction of competence, autonomy, and relatedness to self-determination motivation, exercise enjoyment and exercise participation behavior. 3. To explore the prediction of selfdetermination motivation to exercise enjoyment and exercise participation behavior. 4. To explore the prediction of exercise enjoyment to exercise participation behavior. Total three hundred and eighty participants, who were exercisers, were involved in the Psychological Needs Satisfaction of Exercise, Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire version 2 (BREQ-2), Enjoyment of Exercise, and Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and path analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The high and middle exercise groups had higher scores of competence, autonomy, relatedness, self-determination motivation, and exercise enjoyment than those of low exercise group. 2. Competence and autonomy could positively predict the self-determination motivation, which could positively predict exercise enjoyment and exercise participation behavior. Consequently, exercise enjoyment could positively predict the exercise participation behavior. The results of the present study provided evidences for self-determination theory and validated the application of the framework to the context of exercise. Our results further offered suggestions for the future studies in this area.

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