上坡高強度間歇訓練對籃球運動員有氧能力與下肢動力的影響

Effect of Uphill High-Intensity Interval Training on Aerobic Capacity and Power of Lower Extremity in Basketball Players

10.5297/ser.1404.008

何正峰(Cheng-Feng Ho)；石俊益(Chun-Yi Shih)；詹貴惠(Kuei-Hui Chan)；王錠堯(Ting-Yao Wang)

速度 ； 力竭時間 ； 跑步經濟性 ； speed ； time to exhaustion ； running economy

大專體育學刊

14卷4期（2012 / 12 / 31）

476 - 482

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的在探討6%的上坡高強度間歇訓練（uphill high-intensity interval training, U-HIT）對籃球運動員有氧能力與下肢動力的影響。實驗參與者為17名大專甲組一級籃球運動員，訓練前參與者先進行10公尺衝刺與垂直跳等下肢動力測試，再依平衡次序進行上坡6%與水平0%的漸增強度測試，分別取得上坡與水平的90% VO2max速度。並依水平90% VO2max速度配對分組至上坡高強度間歇訓練組（U-HIT）（n = 8）與水平高強度間歇訓練組（horizontal high-intensity interval training, H-HIT）（n = 9），之後以原地跑步機進行2週共7次，負荷為90% VO2max，運動2分鐘休息1分鐘，每次7回合的上坡（6%）或水平（0%）的HIT。訓練後，參與者再次進行水平漸增強度跑步測驗及下肢動力測試；以混合設計二因子變異數分析比較組內及組間有氧能力指標之差異，另以單因子共變數分析比較下肢動力之組間差異。研究結果顯示訓練後兩組的VO2max、換氣閾值速度與跑步經濟性在組內及組間皆無差異；而力竭時間在H-HIT組（981 ± 93 秒vs. 1,057 ± 99 秒）與U-HIT組（1,061 ± 84 秒vs. 1,117 ± 67 秒）皆顯著增加，但組間無差異。兩組的10公尺最大速度都明顯進步且U-HIT組（6.4 ± 0.1 m*s^(-1)）顯著優於H-HIT 組（6.1 ± 0.1 m*s^(-1)），而兩組垂直跳表現則無差異。本研究結論為2週7次6%的U-HIT相較於H-HIT可顯著提升大專甲組一級籃球運動員的速度能力。

This aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6% uphill high-intensity interval training (U-HIT) on aerobic capacity and power of lower extremity in basketball players. Seventeen first-class basketball players from University Basketball League were participated in this study. Prior to training, all participants performed lower extremity power tests including 10-meter sprint and vertical jump tests. Thereafter, participants conducted uphill (6%) and horizontal (0%) incremental running tests by counter balance method to measure the speed of 90% V4 O2max in uphill and horizontal situation. According to their horizontal speed of 90% V4 O2max, participants were assigned to U-HIT group (n = 8) or horizontal high-intensity interval training (H-HIT) group (n = 9). Participants were trained by 7 times of U-HIT or H-HIT with the intensity of 90% V4 O2max, 7 bouts each time, 2-min exercise and 1-min rest interval in two weeks. After training, participants were assessed by horizontal incremental running test and power of lower extremity tests again. Two-way ANOVA mixed design and one-way ANCOVA were used to analyze the aerobic capacity parameters within and between groups as well as power of lower extremity between groups, respectively. The results showed that no significant difference was found in V4 O2max, speed of ventilatory threshold and running economy between groups after training. Time to fatigue was significantly increased in H-HIT group (981 ± 93 sec vs. 1,057 ± 99 sec) and U-HIT group (1,061 ± 84 sec vs. 1,117 ± 67 sec). However, no significant difference was noticed between the groups. Speed of 10 meters sprint for U-HIT group (6.4 ± 0.1 m*s-1) was better than H-HIT group (6.1 ± 0.1 m*s-1). There was no difference in vertical jump performance. The conclusion of this study was 7 times U-HIT compared to H-HIT in 2 weeks could significantly enhance the speed in first-class basketball players of University Basketball League.

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