籃球罰球表現之腦波活動的差異

Differences in Cortical EEG Activity on Basketball Free Throw Performance

10.5297/ser.1501.006

郭正煜(Cheng-Yuh Kuo)；蔣憶德(Yi-Te Chiang)；王永順(Yung-Shun Wang)；豐東洋(Dong-Yang Fong)

運動表現 ； 頻率面分析 ； 自我配速 ； sport performance ； frequency domain analysis ； self-pace

大專體育學刊

15卷1期（2013 / 03 / 31）

54 - 63

繁體中文;英文

籃球罰球進球與未進球的運動表現，是否能從動作執行前的腦波活動來瞭解其差異，是本篇主要研究目的。本研究假設額中葉（專注力相關）Fz-θ波活動、左右顳葉區T3（口語分析處理相關），T4（圖像空間處理）和枕葉O1、O2、Oz（視覺處理區）α、β等腦波頻率活動，在罰球進球與未進球表現狀態下應有顯著差異。16位籃球選手進行25次的投籃動作，同時記錄腦波活動。研究結果發現：一、T3-α、T4-α、O2-α、T4-β、O1-β、Fz-θ等電極位置腦波活動，在投籃進球與未進球狀態下達顯著差異。二、投籃前三秒α、β、θ功率之變化趨勢則無顯著差異。綜合本研究結果發現，投籃進球與未進球狀態下腦波活動有顯著差異，主要在與圖像空間訊息處理的右側顳葉區T4-β、口語認知分析T3-α、專注力控制Fz-θ、視覺皮質區O2-α和O1-β。本研究結論：投籃表現特徵與動作自動化、低認知干擾、清晰視覺圖像處理有關。未進球可能來自，內在口語介入動作分析，改變了已建構的大腦對動作執行迴路，進而導致動作精準度降低。

Electroencephlography (EEG) has been used to examine the relationship between brain activation and quality of sport performance. The purpose of the present study was to explore the differences in cortical EEG activity of basketball free throw performance. EEG activity of frontal, temporal lobe and occipital areas were hypothesized as the index of quality of free throw performance. Sixteen basketball players were participated in present study, and all subjects were asked to give twenty-five free throws with ongoing EEG recording. The results showed: 1. Electrodes at T3-α, T4-α, O2-α, T4-β, O1-β and Fz-θ showed significantly activation difference as result of comparison between two conditions. 2. There was no decreasing trend as time approaching to motor execution. In conclusion, the differences of cortical activation were found in free throw performances among several electrodes, where related to cognitive processing in visuospatial, inner verbal articulation and motor execution. The possible explanation might result from participants used extra cognitive processing to reach optimal condition during preparatory period, thus less automatically and less accuracy during skill execution.

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