臺灣鐵人三項運動選手使用營養補充品之特性

Utilization of Nutritional Supplements among Triathletes in Taiwan

10.5297/ser.1604.009

劉玉峯(Yuh-Feng Liou)

疲勞 ； 運動表現 ； 問卷 ； fatigue ； exercise performance ； questionnaire

大專體育學刊

16卷4期（2014 / 12 / 01）

440 - 449

繁體中文;英文

近年來國內外之鐵人三項運動快速的成長，但是對於鐵人三項運動參與者之組成與運動營養品消費行為，尚無任何研究調查。本研究目的為調查國內參與鐵人三項競賽之選手其使用營養補充品之類型、資訊來源以及消費目的。以問卷方式調查2013宜蘭梅花湖全國鐵人三項錦標賽中參與半程賽、標準組與菁英組之233名運動選手。研究結果顯示：參與此項錦標賽運動員中35.2%收入達50,000元以上。運動飲料為競賽與訓練中最常使用之營養補充品，菁英組運動員於能量棒之使用頻率低於其他組別，且於訓練狀態下半程賽選手使用粉末、錠劑與膠囊之比率低於菁英組。全體選手之營養補充品消費目的主要為補充營養、消除疲勞、增進運動表現，菁英組於消除疲勞與獲得能量之比率顯著高於其餘組別，半程賽組於增進運動表現、提升訓練效果與提升免疫力低於其餘組別。全體運動員營養補充品之資訊來源主要為朋友（7.9%）、廣告（31.3%）、教練／防護員（26.2%）與隊友（24.9%），菁英組之來源主要為教練／防護員（78.9%），且半程賽與標準賽運動員之資訊來源為朋友（56.1%, 66.7%）。本研究結論為鐵人三項運動選手具有高收入與普遍使用營養補充品的情形，這樣之研究結果不僅可以提供鐵人三項運動相關人員之資訊，也可做為營養補充品開發單位之參考依據。

Triathlon competitions are rapidly growing around the world, but there is a lack of information regarding the intake of nutritional supplements by triathletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of nutritional supplements, information sources and reasons to intake the supplement by players. Survey data were collected from 233 triathletes (157 Sprint, 57 Olympic and 19 Elite), who participated in 2013 Ilan Plum Blossom Lake Triathlon Competition. Our data showed that 35.2% of the participants having more than NT$ 50,000 income per month. Among the different types of supplements, sport drink was the most commonly consumed nutritional supplements. The rate of energy bar consumed by elites was lower than that in Sprint or rest of the groups during competition. The consumption of powder and capsules in Sprint was lower compared to the other groups. The major reasons for nutritional supplements intake were to provide the enough nutrition, reduce fatigue and improve performance. Elite group had higher demand rate of increasing energy and less fatigue compared to other groups. Sprint group had lower demand rate of performance improvement, training effect improvement and increasing immune function compared to other groups. The information sources for nutritional supplements intake were mainly from friends (57.9%), advertisement (31.3%), coach/trainer (26.2%) and peer (24.9%) for all athletes. In particular to groups, 78.9% from coach/trainer in elite group; and 56.1% and 66.7% from friends in Sprint and Olympic groups respectively. These results provide information for triathletes-related practitioners and nutritional supplement supplier.

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