綠茶萃取物補充對後續運動挑戰期間人體脂肪氧化的影響

Effect of Green Tea Extract Supplementation on Fat Oxidation During Asubsequent Exercise Challenge in Humans

10.5297/ser.201806_20(2).0006

張嘉珍(Chia-Chen Chang)；曹榮鑣(Jung-Piao Taso)；林峰樟(Fong-Chang Lin)；張聖良(Sheng-Liang Chang)；程一雄(I-Shiung Cheng)

75%最大攝氧量 ； 呼吸交換率 ； 能量消耗 ； 75% VO_2max ； respiratory exchange rate ； energy expenditure

大專體育學刊

20卷2期（2018 / 06 / 30）

166 - 177

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的為探討口服8週的綠茶萃取物補充是否提高後續單次運動挑戰期間脂肪氧化程度。招募8位健康且規律運動習慣之男性受試者進行單盲交叉實驗，分別接受綠茶萃取物與安慰劑試驗，兩個試驗至少間隔8週。受試者於每天早上餐後口服1顆500毫克的綠茶膠囊（綠茶試驗）或安慰劑（安慰劑試驗），持續8週。受試者隔夜禁食後之隔天早上空腹完成單次60分鐘75% 最大攝氧量運動並全程採集氣體。同時，血液樣本於運動前、後以及在運動期間每隔10分鐘採血。研究結果指出綠茶試驗在運動第60分鐘的呼吸交換率低於安慰劑組，然而，脂肪氧化速率顯著高於安慰劑試驗。兩個試驗的血漿胰島素、血糖、非酯化脂肪酸、甘油、碳水化合物氧化速率與總能量消耗皆無差異。本研究結論：人體口服8週綠茶萃取物改變後續運動挑戰之能量來源偏向脂肪氧化作用。

This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks oral green tea extract (GTE) supplementation on fat oxidation during a subsequence high-intensity exercise challenge. Eight healthy volunteers with regular exercise habit were participated in a single blind cross-over designed study with GTE and placebo trials, separated by a 8-week washout period. Participants were randomly assigned into GTE (500 mg) or placebo trails, and consumed respective capsules every day after breakfast, for 8 weeks. Gaseous exchange samples were collected during a 60- min cycling exercise at 75% VO_2max after an overnight fasting. Blood samples were collected before exercise, every 10-min during exercise and immediately after exercise. The results of this study showed that respiratory exchange rate of GTE trial was significantly lower, whereas the fat oxidation rate was significantly higher compared with placebo trial. However, plasma insulin, blood glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, glycerol levels, carbohydrate oxidation and total energy expenditure were unchanged between the trials. We conclude that 8 weeks oral GTE supplementation enhanced energy resource reliance on fat oxidation following an exercise challenge.

1. 程一雄、郭家驊(2017)。疲勞與運動營養增補劑。大專體育學刊，19(3)，i-vi。
   連結：
2. Achten, J.,Jeukendrup, A. E.(2004).Optimizing fat oxidation through exercise and diet.Nutrition,20(7-8),716-727.
3. American Dietetic Association,Dietitians of Canada,American College of Sports Medicine,Rodriguez, N. R.,Di Marco, N. M.,Langley, S.(2009).American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Nutrition and athletic performance.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,41(3),709-731.
4. Auvichayapat, P.,Prapochanung, M.,Tunkamnerdthai, O.,Sripanidkulchai, B. O.,Auvichayapat, N.,Thinkhamrop, B.,Hongprapas, P.(2008).Effectiveness of green tea on weight reduction in obese Thais: A randomized, controlled trial.Physiology & Behavior,93(3),486-491.
5. Basu, A.,Sanchez, K.,Leyva, M. J.,Wu, M.,Betts, N. M.,Aston, C. E.,Lyons, T. J.(2010).Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome.Journal of the American College Nutrition,29(1),31-40.
6. Bérubé-Parent, S.,Pelletier, C.,Doré, J.,Tremblay, A.(2005).Effects of encapsulated green tea and Guarana extracts containing a mixture of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and caffeine on 24 h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in men.British Journal of Nutrition,94(3),432-436.
7. Brown, A. L.,Lane, J.,Coverly, J.,Stocks, J.,Jackson, S.,Stephen, A.,Hendrickx, H.(2009).Effects of dietary supplementation with the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate on insulin resistance and associated metabolic risk factors: Randomized controlled trial.The British Journal of Nutrition,101(6),886-894.
8. Bruno, R. S.,Dugan, C. E.,Smyth, J. A.,DiNatale, D. A.,Koo, S. I.(2008).Green tea extract protects leptin-deficient, spontaneously obese mice from hepatic steatosis and injury.The Journal of Nutrition,138(2),323-331.
9. Chan, C. Y.,Wei, L.,Castro-Muñozledo, F.,Koo, W. L.(2011).(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate blocks 3T3-L1 adipose conversion by inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of adipose phenotype expression.Life Sciences,89(21-22),779-785.
10. Chow, H. H.,Cai, Y.,Hakim, I. A.,Crowell, J. A.,Shahi, F.,Brooks, C. A.,Alberts, D. S.(2003).Pharmacokinetics and safety of green tea polyphenols after multiple-dose administration of epigallocatechin gallate and polyphenon E in healthy individuals.Clinical Cancer Research,9(9),3312-3319.
11. Close, G. L.,Hamilton, D. L.,Philp, A.,Burke, L. M.,Morton, J. P.(2016).New strategies in sport nutrition to increase exercise performance.Free Radical Biology & Medicine,98,144-158.
12. Cunha, C. A.,Lira, F. S.,Rosa Neto, J. C.,Pimentel, G. D.,Souza, G. I. H.,da Silva, C. M. G.,Oyama, L. M.(2013).Green tea extract supplementation induces the lipolytic pathway, attenuates obesity, and reduces low-grade inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet.Mediators of Inflammation,2013,635470.
13. Frayn, K. N.(1983).Calculation of substrate oxidation rates in vivo from gaseous exchange.Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology,55(2),628-634.
14. Gahreman, D.,Wang, R.,Boutcher, Y.,Boutcher, S.(2015).Green tea, intermittent sprinting exercise, and fat oxidation.Nutrients,7(7),5646-5663.
15. Hawley, J. A.,Burke, L. M.,Phillips, S. M.,Spriet, L. L.(2011).Nutritional modulation of training-induced skeletal muscle adaptations.Journal of Applied Physiology,110(3),834-845.
16. Herman, C. W.,Nagelkirk, P. R.,Pivarnik, J. M.,Womack, C. J.(2003).Regulating oxygen uptake during high-intensity exercise using heart rate and rating of perceived exertion.Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,35(10),1751-1754.
17. Hodgson, A. B.,Randell, R. K.,Boon, N.,Garczarek, U.,Mela, D. J.,Jeukendrup, A. E.,Jacobs, D. M.(2013).Metabolic response to green tea extract during rest and moderate-intensity exercise.The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,24(1),325-334.
18. Jeukendrup, A. E.,Randell, R.(2011).Fat burners: Nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism.Obesity Reviews,12(10),841-851.
19. Jeukendrup, A. E.,Wallis, G. A.(2005).Measurement of substrate oxidation during exercise by means of gas exchange measurements.International Journal of Sports Medicine,26(Suppl. 1),S28-S37.
20. Khan, N.,Mukhtar, H.(2007).Tea polyphenols for health promotion.Life Sciences,81(7),519-533.
21. Kim, J. J.,Tan, Y.,Xiao, L.,Sun, Y. L.,Qu, X.(2013).Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhance glycogen synthesis and inhibit lipogenesis in hepatocytes.BioMed Research International,2013,920128.
22. Kuipers, H.,Verstappen, F. T. J.,Keizer, H. A.,Geurten, P.,van Kranenburg, G.(1985).Variability of aerobic performance in the laboratory and its physiologic correlates.International Journal of Sports Medicine,6(4),197-201.
23. Lee, M.-S.,Kim, C.-T.,Kim, I.-H.,Kim, Y.(2009).Inhibitory effects of green tea catechin on the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Phytotherapy Research,23(8),1088-1091.
24. Lee, M.-S.,Kim, C.-T.,Kim, Y.(2009).Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces body weight with regulation of multiple genes expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice.Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism,54(2),151-157.
25. Liu, K.,Zhou, R.,Wang, B.,Chen, K.,Shi, L. Y.,Zhu, J. D.,Mi, M. T.(2013).Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: A meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials.The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,98(2),340-348.
26. Martin, B. J.,MacInnis, M. J.,Gillen, J. B.,Skelly, L. E.,Gibala, M. J.(2016).Short-term green tea extract supplementation attenuates the postprandial blood glucose and insulin response following exercise in overweight men.Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism,41(10),1057-1063.
27. Moon, H.-S.,Chung, C.-S.,Lee, H.-G.,Kim, T.-G.,Choi, Y.-J.,Cho, C.-S.(2007).Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells.Obesity,15(11),2571-2582.
28. Murase, T.,Haramizu, S.,Shimotoyodome, A.,Nagasawa, A.,Tokimitsu, I.(2005).Green tea extract improves endurance capacity and increases muscle lipid oxidation in mice.Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology,288(3),R708-R715.
29. Murase, T.,Haramizu, S.,Shimotoyodome, A.,Tokimitsu, I.,Hase, T.(2006).Green tea extract improves running endurance in mice by stimulating lipid utilization during exercise.Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology,290(6),R1550-R1556.
30. Nagao, T.,Hase, T.,Tokimitsu, I.(2007).A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans.Obesity,15(6),1473-1483.
31. Nieman, D. C.,Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L.,Fagoaga, O. R.,Henson, D. A.,Utter, A.,Davis, J. M.,Butterworth, D. E.(1998).Influence of mode and carbohydrate on the cytokine response to heavy exertion.Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,30(5),671-678.
32. Park, H. J.,Lee, J.-Y.,Chung, M.-Y.,Park, Y.-K.,Bower, A. M.,Koo, S. I.,Bruno, R. S.(2012).Green tea extract suppresses NFκB activation and inflammatory responses in diet-induced obese rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.The Journal of Nutrition,142(1),57-63.
33. Rains, T. M.,Agarwal, S.,Maki, K. C.(2011).Antiobesity effects of green tea catechins: A mechanistic review.The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,22(1),1-7.
34. Randell, R. K.,Hodgson, A. B.,Lotito, S. B.,Jacobs, D. M.,Boon, N.,Mela, D. J.,Jeukendrup, A. E.(2013).No effect of 1 or 7 d of green tea extract ingestion on fat oxidation during exercise.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,45(5),883-891.
35. Randell, R. K.,Hodgson, A. B.,Lotito, S. B.,Jacobs, D. M.,Rowson, M.,Mela, D. J.,Jeukendrup, A. E.(2014).Variable duration of decaffeinated green tea extract ingestion on exercise metabolism.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,46(6),1185-1193.
36. Richards, J. C.,Lonac, M. C.,Johnson, T. K.,Schweder, M. M.,Bell, C.(2010).Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increases maximal oxygen uptake in adult humans.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,42(4),739-744.
37. Sidossis, L. S.,Gastaldelli, A.,Klein, S.,Wolfe, R. R.(1997).Regulation of plasma fatty acid oxidation during low- and high-intensity exercise.American Journal of Physiology,272(6),E1065-1070.
38. Slattery, K.,Bentley, D.,Coutts, A. J.(2015).The role of oxidative, inflammatory and neuroendocrinological systems during exercise stress in athletes: Implications of antioxidant supplementation on physiological adaptation during intensified physical training.Sports Medicine,45(4),453-471.
39. Suzuki, Y.,Miyoshi, N.,Isemura, M.(2012).Health-promoting effects of green tea.Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences,88(3),88-101.
40. Venables, M. C.,Hulston, C. J.,Cox, H. R.,Jeukendrup, A. E.(2008).Green tea extract ingestion, fat oxidation, and glucose tolerance in healthy humans.The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,87(3),778-784.
41. Wu, A. H.,Spicer, D.,Stanczyk, F. Z.,Tseng, C. C.,Yang, C. S.,Pike, M. C.(2012).Effect of 2-month controlled green tea intervention on lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women.Cancer Prevention Research,5(3),393-402.
42. Wu, C.-H.,Lu, F.-H.,Chang, C.-S.,Chang, T- C.,Wang, R.-H.,Chang, C.-J.(2003).Relationship among habitual tea consumption, percent body fat, and body fat distribution.Obesity Research,11(9),1088-1095.
43. Zheng, X.-X.,Xu, Y.-L.,Li, S.-H.,Hui, R.,Wu, Y.-J.,Huang, X.-H.(2013).Effects of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on glycemic control in adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,97(4),750-762.

1. 程一雄,張嘉珍,徐孟達(2019)。綠茶萃取物增補對運動疲勞影響與未來應用潛力評估。體育學報，52(4)，423-437。