鄰里可行走性對規律運動與三高之影響：主客觀資料比較

Effect of Neighborhood Walkability on Regular Physical Activity and Distribution of Hypertension, Diabetes, and Hyperlipidemia: A Comparison of Subjective and Objective Data

10.5297/ser.201809_20(3).0001

李晶(Ching Li)；顏心彥(Hsin-Yen Yen)

健康促進 ； 動態社區環境 ； 生活型態 ； 開放資料 ； health promotion ； active community environment ； lifestyle ； open data

大專體育學刊

20卷3期（2018 / 09 / 30）

191 - 206

繁體中文;英文

慢性疾病的盛行會造成社會及經濟的負擔，鄰里可行走性也會影響居民之身體活動，進而對健康形成正向或負向的結果。本研究目的在探討臺灣鄰里可行走性對規律運動人口與三高分布情形之影響，並比較客觀與主觀資料之差異性。本研究方法使用政府開放資料為客觀資料，同時以便利取樣方式進行網路問卷調查取得主觀資料。問卷內容包含身體活動鄰里環境、國際身體活動量與個人健康資訊，研究對象為臺灣本島各縣市20歲以上居民，共回收1,226份有效問卷。研究結果發現鄰里可行走性的主客觀資料，皆可正向預測規律運動人口。鄰里可行走性的主客觀資料，亦皆可負向預測三高分布情形。此外，客觀與主觀資料結果之間，並無顯著差異。鄰里可行走性在正向預測規律運動人口具有顯著性，其路徑係數為.83，並可預測68.2%之規律運動人口；規律運動人口在負向預測三高分布情形，亦具有顯著性，其路徑係數為-.63，並可預測39.7%三高分布情形。本研究結論為鄰里可行走性，會影響居民之規律運動，並造成罹患心血管代謝疾病之風險。政府在制訂運動、健康與都市計畫政策時應該將動態社區環境納入考量，以達到全民運動、動態生活型態與健康促進的目的。

The prevalent chronic metabolic diseases cause social and economical burden. The neighborhood walkability influences resident's physical activity behavior, which leads positive or negative health outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the neighborhood walkability on regular physical activity and distribution of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia to examine the consistency of subjective and objective data. In this study, the data from government used as objective data and convenience sampling for an internet survey considered as subjective data. The questionnaire contained 3 items, including Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and personal health information. The participants of this study were residents of Taiwan, who were above 20 years old. Total 1,226 individuals validly responded to the questionnaire. The result showed that the walkability could positively predict the rate of regular physical activity, and negatively predict the distribution of cardiometabolic diseases. The subjective and objective data had no significant differences. However, the walkability could positively predict the rate of regular physical activity that was significant. The path coefficient was .83 and the predicted power was 68.2%. The rate of regular physical activity could negatively predict the distribution of cardiometabolic diseases. The path coefficient was -.63 and the predicted power was 39.7%. In conclusion, the neighborhood walkability influences the residents' physical activity and the risks of cardiometabolic diseases. Active community environment should be taken into a consideration of the policy planning of sport, health and urban designs, in order to achieve the goal of disease prevention, active lifestyle and health promotion.

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