高齡者肌力活動及其社會人口學關聯因素

Muscle-Strengthening Activity Among Older Adults in Relation to Socio-Demographic Factors

10.5297/ser.202103_23(1).0005

賴鼎富(Ting-Fu Lai)；黃品瑄(Pin-Hsuan Huang)；薛名淳(Ming-Chun Hsueh)；廖邕(Yung Liao)；陳伯儀(Bo-I Chen)

跨理論模式 ； 橫斷式調查法 ； 行為改變階段 ； transtheoretical model ； cross-sectional survey ； stage of change

大專體育學刊

23卷1期（2021 / 03 / 31）

56 - 69

繁體中文;英文

肌力活動是維持高齡者日常活動、減少骨質流失及預防失能的重要因子。然而臺灣探討肌力活動相關因素之研究較為缺乏，故本研究目的以跨理論模式為架構，欲探討臺灣高齡者從事肌力活動行為之現況，及其與社會人口學之相關因素。2017年本研究使用橫斷式調查法，透過電腦輔助電話訪問，針對高齡者從事肌力活動之行為改變階段與社會人口學變項，共取得1,064份有效樣本。研究結果指出：在高齡者從事肌力活動之行為改變階段的分布情形方面，24.0%的研究對象處於維持期；18.0%處在意圖期、準備期及行動期，而有58.1%的研究對象處在無意圖期；在社會人口學變項與肌力活動行為之關聯性方面發現，年齡超過85歲以上、教育程度為高中職以下及有全職工作者，有較大的機率成為無意圖的族群。本研究結論發現臺灣目前高齡者人口仍有58.1%的族群處於肌力活動的無意圖期，建議政策制定者在建立相關政策時，能將肌力活動納入考量，並運用跨理論模式中的行為改變理論，為處在不同行為階段的對象擬定相對應的策略，且優先針對年齡超過85歲、教育程度為高中職以下及有全職工作之高齡者進行介入。

Strength training behavior has been considered as a key factor for older adults striving to maintain daily activity, reduce bone loss, and prevent disability. However, there is little evidence linking strength training behavior and its related factors. Thus, the purpose of this study was to use the transtheoretical model of health behavior change to examine the associations between stage of change on strength training behavior and socio-demographic factors among older adults in Taiwan. A telephone-based cross-sectional survey targeting older adults was conducted in 2017. Data related to stages of change for strength training behavior and socio-demographic variables were obtained from 1,064 older adults. The results showed that 24.0% of participants were in the maintenance stage, 18.0% in the tripartite contemplation ~ action stage (contemplation stage, preparation stage and action stage) and 58.1% of them were in pre-contemplation stage. Participants who were 85 years or older, with lower education levels or full-time jobs were less likely to engage in strength training behavior. We found that 58.1% of the older adults in Taiwan still did not have any intention to engage in strength training behavior. Therefore, it is important to promote suitable strategies to address this issue based on the transtheoretical model, especially for adults 85 years or older having lower education levels or fulltime jobs.

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