單側與雙側壺鈴訓練對跆拳道品勢選手平衡能力及核心穩定之影響

Effects of Bilateral and Unilateral Kettlebell Training on Balance Ability and Core Stability in Taekwondo Poomsae Athletes

10.5297/ser.202112_23(4).0005

陳莖斐(Ching-Feei Chen)；李映萱(Ying-Hsian Lee)；陳怡安(I-An Chen)；許峰池(Feng-Chih Hsu)；盛世慧(Shih-Hui Sheng)；詹貴惠(Kuei-Hui Chan)

鶴立 ； 壓力中心 ； 軀幹伸直 ； 軀幹屈曲 ； hakdariseogi ； center of pressure ； isometric trunk extensor ； isometric trunk flexor

大專體育學刊

23卷4期（2021 / 12 / 31）

408 - 420

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的在探討6週單側或雙側壺鈴訓練對跆拳道品勢選手平衡能力及核心肌群穩定能力之影響。研究招募26名跆拳道品勢選手，以鶴立進行平衡能力測試成績配對分為單側組（13人）或雙側組（13人），受試者除了正常接受品勢訓練外，額外進行每週2次、每次1 hr，持續6週單側或雙側壺鈴訓練（每次訓練4個動作、共3組）。訓練前、後均測量受試者之壓力中心（center of pressure, COP）偏移範圍及速度與軀幹伸直、軀幹屈曲及左、右側棒式等核心穩定能力。研究結果顯示：單側組、雙側組二組之慣用腳及非慣用腳側向COP偏移速度與軀幹伸直、軀幹屈曲動作持續時間皆顯著優於未訓練前測量值。單側組之慣用腳及非慣用腳側向及縱向COP偏移範圍與右側棒式動作持續時間皆顯著低於前測，雙側組之非慣用腳側向COP偏移範圍顯著低於前測。然而，二組間皆無顯著差異。本研究結論為持續6週、單側或雙側壺鈴訓練（每週2次、每次3組4個動作）皆能改善跆拳道品勢選手的平衡能力與核心穩定能力。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6-week bilateral (BI) or unilateral (UNI) kettlebell training on the balance ability and core stability in taekwondo athletes. Twenty-six taekwondo poomsae athletes were recruited into UNI (n = 13) or BI (n = 13) groups with a matched-pair of performing balance in hakdariseogi. All participants sustained the regular taekwondo poomsae training programs during the experimental period and had additional kettlebell training (4 movements for 3 sets) twice per week for 6 weeks. The radius and velocity of center of pressure (COP), the core stability test of isometric trunk extensor and flexor as well as abilities of right and left side plank were tested before and after the experiment. The results showed that the COP velocities for mediolateral displacement of dominant and non-dominant legs, as well as holding time of isometric trunk extensor and flexor exercise in both UNI and BI groups were significantly better after 6-week training than those of pre-training. The UNI group after training showed significant improvements in COP range for mediolateral and anterior-posterior displacements of both legs, as well as holding time of right side plank compared to pre-training. Moreover, COP range for mediolateral displacement of the non-dominant leg was significantly lower than pre-training in BI group. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between the groups. We conclude that the UNI and BI kettlebell training twice per week for 6 weeks can improve the balance ability and core stability for taekwondo poomsae athletes. Moreover, there was no significant difference between UNI and BI kettlebell training.

1. 李成碩, C.-S.,姚承義, C.-Y.,林威秀, W.-H.,黎俊彥, A. J. Y.(2011)。增強式訓練對籃球選手動態平衡與專項運動表現之影響。大專體育學刊，13(4)，418-426。
   連結：
2. 李金為, C.-W.,侯昌連, C.-L.,周德倫, T.-L.(2017)。壺鈴訓練對女子壘球選手專項體能與運動表現之影響。運動教練科學，45，77-85。
   連結：
3. 姜義村, T.,周桂名, K.-M.,陳美莉, M.-L.(2010)。世界排名制度對國際跆拳道運動發展影響之初探。臺大體育學報，19，55-64。
   連結：
4. Aggarwal, A.,Kumar, S.,Kalpana, Z.,Jitender, M.,Sharma, V. P.(2010).The relationship between core stability performance and the lower extremities static balance performance in recreationally active individuals.Nigerian Journal of Medical Rehabilitation,15(1-2),11-16.
5. Andersen, V.,Fimland, M. S.,Gunnarskog, A.,Jungård, G.-A.,Slåttland, R.-A.,Vraalsen, Ø. F.,Saeterbakken, A. H.(2016).Core muscle activation in one-armed and two-armed kettlebell swing.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,30(5),1196-1204.
6. Appleby, B. B.,Cormack, S. J.,Newton, R. U.(2019).Specificity and transfer of lower-body strength: Influence of bilateral or unilateral lower-body resistance training.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,33(2),318-326.
7. Asseman, F.,Caron, O.,Crémieux, J.(2004).Is there a transfer of postural ability from specific to unspecific postures in elite gymnasts?.Neuroscience Letters,358(2),83-86.
8. Behm, D. G.(1995).Neuromuscular implications and applications of resistance training.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,9(4),264-274.
9. Bogdanis, G. C.,Tsoukos, A.,Kaloheri, O.,Terzis, G.,Veligekas, P.,Brown, L. E.(2019).Comparison between unilateral and bilateral plyometric training on single- and double-leg jumping performance and strength.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,33(3),633-640.
10. Brumitt, J.,Gilpin, H. E.,Brunette, M.,Meira, E. P.(2010).Incorporating kettlebells into a lower extremity sports rehabilitation program.North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy,5(4),257-265.
11. Cohen, J.(2013).Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences.Abingdon, UK:Routledge.
12. Coorevits, P.,Danneels, L.,Cambier, D.,Ramon, H.,Vanderstraeten, G.(2008).Assessment of the validity of the Biering-Sørensen test for measuring back muscle fatigue based on EMG median frequency characteristics of back and hip muscles.Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,18(6),997-1005.
13. Eliassen, W.,Saeterbakken, A. H.,van den Tillaar, R.(2018).Comparison of bilateral and unilateral squat exercises on barbell kinematics and muscle activation.International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy,13(5),871-881.
14. Erbes, D. A.(2012).La Crosse, WI,Wisconsin-La Crosse University.
15. Fable, S. (2010). Kettlebell comeback. Retrieved from https://www.ideafit.com/personal-training/kettlebell-comeback
16. Gatev, P.,Thomas, S.,Kepple, T.,Hallett, M.(1999).Feedforward ankle strategy of balance during quiet stance in adults.The Journal of Physiology,514(3),915-928.
17. Gutierrez, G. M.,Knight, C. A.,Swanik, C. B.,Royer, T.,Manal, K.,Caulfield, B.,Kaminski, T. W.(2012).Examining neuromuscular control during landings on a supinating platform in persons with and without ankle instability.The American Journal of Sports Medicine,40(1),193-201.
18. Hasselgren, L.,Olsson, L. L.,Nyberg, L.(2011).Is leg muscle strength correlated with functional balance and mobility among inpatients in geriatric rehabilitation?.Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,52(3),e220-e225.
19. Horlings, C. G. C.,Küng, U. M.,Van Engelen, B. G. M.,Voermans, N. C.,Hengstman, G. J. D.,Van Der Kooi, A. J.,Allum, J. H. J.(2009).Balance control in patients with distal versus proximal muscle weakness.Neuroscience,164(4),1876-1886.
20. Howley, E. T.,Franks, B. D.(1986).Health fitness instructor’s handbook.Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics.
21. Jonsson, E.,Seiger, Å.,Hirschfeld, H.(2004).One-leg stance in healthy young and elderly adults: A measure of postural steadiness?.Clinical Biomechanics,19(7),688-694.
22. Kukkiwon(2006).Taekwondo textbook.Seoul, Korea:O-sung.
23. Lake, J. P.,Lauder, M. A.(2012).Kettlebell swing training improves maximal and explosive strength.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,26(8),2228-2233.
24. Lee, A. J. Y.,Lin, W.-H.(2007).The influence of gender and somatotype on single-leg upright standing postural stability in children.Journal of Applied Biomechanics,23(3),173-179.
25. Lugade, V.,Lin, V.,Chou, L.-S.(2011).Center of mass and base of support interaction during gait.Gait & Posture,33(3),406-411.
26. McCurdy, K.,Conner, C.(2003).Unilateral support resistance training incorporating the hip and knee.Strength and Conditioning Journal,25(2),45-51.
27. McCurdy, K.,O’Kelley, E.,Kutz, M.,Langford, G.,Ernest, J.,Torres, M.(2010).Comparison of lower extremity EMG between the 2-leg squat and modified single-leg squat in female athletes.Journal of Sport Rehabilitation,19(1),57-70.
28. McGill, S. M.,Childs, A.,Liebenson, C.(1999).Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: Clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database.Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,80(8),941-944.
29. McGill, S. M.,Marshall, L. W.(2012).Kettlebell swing, snatch, and bottoms-up carry: Back and hip muscle activation, motion, and low back loads.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,26(1),16-27.
30. Navalta, J. W.,Hrncir, S. P.(2007).Core stabilization exercises enhance lactate clearance following high-intensity exercise.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,21(4),1305-1309.
31. Patel, M.,Gomez, S.,Lush, D.,Fransson, P. A.(2009).Adaptation and vision change the relationship between muscle activity of the lower limbs and body movement during human balance perturbations.Clinical Neurophysiology,120(3),601-609.
32. Ramsbottom, R.,Ambler, A.,Potter, J.,Jordan, B.,Nevill, A.,Williams, C.(2004).The effect of 6 months training on leg power, balance, and functional mobility of independently living adults over 70 years old.Journal of Aging and Physical Activity,12(4),497-510.
33. Ryu, J.-S.,Yoo, S.-H.,Park, S.-K.,Yoon, S.-H.(2012).Comparisons between skilled and less-skilled players’ balance in Hakdariseogi.Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics,22(1),55-63.
34. Shank、 M.,蘇凱恩（譯）, K.-E.(Trans.)(2016).掌上健身房.臺北市=Taipei, Taiwan:大是文化=Domain.
35. Stone, M. H.,O’Bryant, H. S.(1987).Weight training: A scientific approach.Edina, MN:Burgess International Group.
36. Van Gelder, L. H.,Hoogenboom, B. J.,Alonzo, B.,Briggs, D.,Hatzel, B.(2015).EMG analysis and sagittal plane kinematics of the two-handed and single-handed kettlebell swing: A descriptive study.International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy,10(6),811-826.
37. Yoo, S.,Park, S.-K.,Yoon, S.,Lim, H. S.,Ryu, J.(2018).Comparison of proprioceptive training and muscular strength training to improve balance ability of taekwondo poomsae athletes: A randomized controlled trials.Journal of Sports Science & Medicine,17(3),445-454.
38. 陳銨漵, A.-H.(2016)。大專跆拳道品勢動作難易度之主觀認知分析。跆拳道學刊，3，11-23。

1. 詹貴惠,陳莖斐,李珍鎬,李映萱(2020)。108年全國中等學校運動會跆拳道品勢高中男女個人組決賽之太白及金剛型成績分析。臺灣體育學術研究，69，57-67。