家長支持影響國小學童參與足球運動的身心發展

Influence of Parental Support on Physical and Mental Development of Elementary School Children Participating in Football

10.5297/ser.202209_24(3).0005

林大森(Da-Sen Lin)；陳世昌(Shieh-Chang Chen)

心理社會取向 ； 自我效能 ； 團隊合作 ； 認知－態度－行為 ； 團隊凝聚力 ； psychosocial approach ； self-efficacy ； team cooperation ； cognition-attitude-behavior ； team cohesion

大專體育學刊

24卷3期（2022 / 09 / 30）

360 - 377

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的以心理社會取向出發，探討在家長支持下，幼童是否因足球比賽強化自我效能、團隊合作？又如何進一步影響其對足球運動的認知、態度以及行為？而這些因素對幼童在足球比賽獲勝之企圖心的關聯性為何？分析資料來自於「運用大數據探討足球運動對幼童身心發展及認知、態度、行為」研究案，該調查以144隊U8、U10、U12幼童足球隊為研究對象，收案數為478，最終分析樣本數為372。本研究以結構方程模式進行分析，研究結果顯示：家長支持對自我效能、團隊合作、足球運動認知－態度－行為皆有正向效果，但對贏得勝利沒有顯著相關。自我效能與足球認知－態度－行為無關，但是對贏得勝利有正相關，團隊合作則否。本研究結論：家長支持子女參與足球比賽，是希望他們在其中提升自我效能、重視團隊合作，並進而喜歡足球、多踢足球。就幼童本身而言，高自我效能會增強贏球的慾望，但是經由比賽的團隊凝聚力，才是支撐他們願意瞭解足球、重視足球，花更多時間踢足球的主因。至於是否在比賽中能夠獲勝，並不是最重要的。

Drawing on a psychosocial approach, this study explores whether children's self-efficacy and team cooperation are enhanced in football matches with parental support, and considers how to further influence their cognition, attitude and behavior regarding football. The correlation between these factors and the intention of young children to win football matches is discussed. The data of this study were extracted from the research case ＂Using Big Data to Explore the Influence of Football on the Physical and Mental Development, Cognition, Attitude and Behavior of Young Children.＂ Children football players from 144 football teams (including U8, U10, and U12) are chosen as the participants. The number of cases obtained was 478, and the final analysis sample size was 372. The data was analyzed via structural equation modeling. Results showed that: Parental support had positive effects on self-efficacy, team cooperation, and cognition-attitude-behavior in football, but no significant correlation with winning. Self-efficacy had no correlation with football cognition-attitude-behavior, but had a positive correlation with winning, while team cooperation did not. We conclude that: Parents support participation in football matches in the hope that their children can improve their self-efficacy and attach importance to teamwork, and will subsequently play and enjoy football more. As far as young children themselves are concerned, high self-efficacy increases their desire to win, but team cohesion through competition is the main reason why they are willing to learn, consider football, and spend more time playing football. For them, the game's outcome is not especially important.

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