臺灣競技運動情境知覺父母涉入量表初步發展與驗證

Preliminary Development and Validation of Perceived Parental Involvement in Taiwan Competitive Sport Settings Scale

10.5297/ser.202306_25(2).0004

王亭文(Ting-Wen Wang)；劉佳哲(Chia-Che Liu)

指導行為 ； 負向管教 ； 場邊行為 ； 後勤支持 ； directive behavior ； negative discipline ； sideline behavior ； logistics support

大專體育學刊

25卷2期（2023 / 06 / 30）

167 - 182

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的為提供適合探究臺灣競技運動情境父母涉入行為之測量工具，而初步發展與檢驗臺灣競技運動情境知覺父母涉入量表，並以本量表進行父母涉入行為對孩童的認知、情意與技能影響的探究，提供教練、父母或相關運動教育者作為臺灣競技運動發展之參考。研究一進行初步量表編制、探索性因素分析、項目分析與內部一致性考驗；共192位從事競技運動訓練的小學運動員參與本研究，包含男生117位及女生75位；平均年齡10.60歲。研究二則進行驗證性因素分析與構念效度檢驗；共有370位小學運動員參與本研究，包含男生251位及女生119位；平均年齡11.17歲。研究結果指出：研究一探索性因素分析結果，特徵值大於1的因素共有4個，分別命名為：一、指導行為、二、負向管教、三、場邊行為、四、後勤支持。量表總解釋變異量為69.22%，共16題，且項目分析與內部一致性考驗皆符合標準。研究二驗證性因素分析結果指出，本量表具有良好的模式適配度。另一方面，構念效度檢驗結果也指出，本量表具有好的預測效度。本研究結論認為所發展的初步知覺父母涉入量表，雖具有良好的預測效度，未來亦需要更多研究來驗證其適切性或可進行其他國家的跨文化研究，來檢驗此量表的測量不變性。

The purpose of this study was to provide a measurement tool for exploring parental involvement behavior in Taiwan competitive sports settings and preliminarily develop and validate the Perceived Parental Involvement in Taiwan Competitive Sport Settings Scale. This scale, which is designed to explore the impact of parental involvement on children's cognition, affection, and skills, can be provided to coaches, parents, or related sports educators as a reference for developing competitive sports in Taiwan. Study 1 conducted preliminary scale development, exploratory factor analysis, item analysis, and an internal consistency test. A total of 192 primary school athletes in competitive sports training participated in this study, including 117 boys and 75 girls; the average age was 10.60 years. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis and a construct validity test were carried out. A total of 370 primary school athletes participated in this study, including 251 boys and 119 girls; the average age was 11.17 years old. The results of exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 indicated four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1, including (1) directive behavior, (2) negative discipline, (3) sideline behavior, and (4) logistics support. The total explained variance of the scale was 69.22%, with 16 items. Item analysis and an internal consistency test both met the standard. Study 2 confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the scale had a good model fit. The results of the construct validity test also pointed out that this scale has good predictive validity. In conclusion: this study's preliminary perceived parental involvement scale demonstrates good predictive validity. More research is needed to verify its suitability. Also, cross-cultural studies in other countries can be conducted to test the measurement invariance of this scale.

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