部分睡眠剝奪與海軍陸戰隊員反應時間、姿勢控制與基本體能的關聯性

Association of Partial Sleep Deprivation With Reaction Time, Postural Control and Basic Physical Fitness in Marines

10.5297/ser.202309_25(3).0004

高育仁(Yu-Jen Kao)；張博威(Po-Wei Chang)；張智惠(Chih-Hui Chang)

運動表現 ； 身體擺動 ； 肌耐力 ； 簡單反應時間 ； 心肺耐力 ； sports performance ； body sway ； muscular endurance ； simple reaction time ； cardiorespiratory endurance

大專體育學刊

25卷3期（2023 / 09 / 30）

296 - 312

繁體中文;英文

國軍保家衛國責任重大，以現代科學方法探討國軍生、心理健康有其重要性，本研究旨在檢驗夜間衛哨勤務工作造成之部分睡眠剝奪與海軍陸戰隊員反應時間、姿勢控制與三項基本體能的關聯性。招募16位男性海軍陸戰隊員為研究參與者，以受試者內設計及平衡消去法接受正常睡眠、00～02點與02～04點睡眠剝奪等安排。在正常睡眠與睡眠剝奪後的上午8點測量反應時間與姿勢控制，下午測量三項基本體能。以Human Benchmark反應時間測定測量反應時間、測力板測量姿勢控制、國軍三項基本體能測驗測量運動表現。研究結果顯示：反應時間方面，三種睡眠情境無顯著差異。姿勢控制方面，任務效應達顯著，閉眼較搜尋或注視任務有較大的身體擺動變異；睡眠情境效應達顯著，部分睡眠剝奪較正常睡眠有較大的身體擺動變異。三項基本體能方面，三種睡眠情境在二分鐘仰臥起坐及二分鐘伏地挺身皆達顯著差異，睡眠剝奪有負面效應，但在3,000公尺徒手跑步則無顯著差異。本研究結論為部分睡眠剝奪影響海軍陸戰隊隊員姿勢控制與三項基本體能中的肌耐力，但不影響簡單反應時間及心肺耐力。部分睡眠剝奪是否降低海軍陸戰隊員體能，仍需要由隨機順序、平衡消去、交叉試驗進一步確認因果關係。

The National Armed Forces bear the responsibility of protecting their country's citizens and homes, so it is important to use scientific methods when investigating their ability to maintain physical and mental fitness. This study examined the relationship between partial sleep deprivation caused by night guard duty and subjects' reaction time and posture control, as well as execution of three basic physical fitness tasks conforming to standards of the Armed Forces. The tasks were: two minutes of sit-ups, two minutes of push-ups, and a 3,000-meter run (unencumbered). Sixteen male Marines were recruited as participants, and received normal sleep, 00:00-02:00 o'clock, and 02:00-04:00 o'clock sleep deprivation using within-subject design in counterbalanced order. After intervention, participants' reaction times and postural control were evaluated at 8:00 a.m., whereas the three physical tasks were performed in the afternoon. The Human Benchmark reaction time test was used to measure reaction time and a force plate was used to measure posture control. Results revealed no significant difference in reaction times among the three sleep situations. In postural control, individuals with eyes closed showed larger body sway variability while performing search or inspection tasks. Individuals also showed larger body sway variability under conditions of partial sleep deprivation compared to normal sleep. Subjects performed worse on the two-minute sit-ups and push-ups when sleep-deprived than under normal sleep. Sleep deprivation caused no significant difference in 3000-meter run. In conclusion, partial sleep deprivation affects Marines' postural control and muscular endurance, but does not affect simple reaction time or cardiorespiratory endurance. Whether partial sleep deprivation reduces the physical fitness of Marines still needs to be further confirmed by a randomized, counter-balanced, crossover trial to confirm the causality.

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