農產加工副產物功能性配料之開發與評估

Development and Screening of Functional Food Ingredients from Agricultural By-products

10.6578/TJACFS.201812_56(6).0002

彭宣融(Hsuan-Jung Peng)；董志宏(Chih-Hong Tung)；李金維(Chin-Wei Lee)；尹韻慈(Yun-Tsu Yin)；俞睿陽(Jui-Yang Yu)；朱燕華(Yen-Hua Chu)

植物纖維 ； 鹼性過氧化氫萃取 ； 功能性配料 ； Plant fibers ； Alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction ； Functional food ingredients

臺灣農業化學與食品科學

56卷6期（2018 / 12 / 01）

160 - 167

繁體中文

農產加工副產物如玉米麩皮、麥麩等通常富含纖維，其中玉米麩皮來源的可溶性纖維成分主要為阿拉伯木聚醣，其結合的蛋白質使其具有親水性的多醣基以及偏疏水性的胺基酸，可穩定存在於油水兩種介面，作為很好的乳化劑，而不可溶性纖維則具有提升保水能力、修飾質地口感及取代脂肪用量等用途，為功能性配料開發之良好標的。本研究以鹼性過氧化氫萃取法自4種農產加工副產物：玉米麩皮、小麥麩皮、米糠及稻殼中進行可溶性及不可溶性纖維之萃取，其可溶性纖維產率分別為14.3%、11.8%、4.9%及1.5%，而不可溶性纖維的產率為23.6%、21.5%、15.2%及58.6%。同時藉由製程之優化，減少75%之溶劑用量及60%的酵素用量。此外，將萃取得到的植物纖維進行相關特性分析，結果顯示玉米麩皮來源的可溶性纖維具有近似於市售產品阿拉伯膠的乳化活性及安定性，而不可溶纖維特性方面，米糠及麥麩來源的纖維具有保水力≧9mL／g、保油力≧6g／g及膨潤力≧12mL／g之特性。

Agricultural processing by-products, such as corn bran and wheat bran, were usually rich in fiber. The soluble fiber component derived from corn bran is mainly arabinoxylan, and its combined protein has a hydrophilic polysaccharide group and a hydrophobic amino acid residue, which can be stably present in both oil and water interfaces, and could be used as a good emulsifier. The insoluble fiber of corn bran has advantages of increasing water-holding capacity, modifying texture and replacing the usage of oil. It is a good target for functional ingredients development. This study extract soluble and insoluble fibers from four kinds of agricultural processing by-products (corn bran, wheat bran, rice bran and rice husk) by alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction. The yield of soluble fibers are 14.3%, 11.8%, 4.9%, and 1.5%, respectively. The yield of insoluble fibers are 23.6%, 21.5%, 15.2%, and 58.6%, respectively. We reduce 75% usage of solvents and 60% usage of enzymes by optimizing the process. Besides, characteristic analysis of extracted plant fibers show corn bran-derived soluble fiber has similar emulsifying activity and stability with commercially products Arabic gum. The insoluble fibers, which are derived from rice bran and wheat bran, have the characteristics of water-holding capacity≧9 mL/g, oil-holding capacity≧6 g/g and swelling property≧12 mL/g.

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