以既有道路網布設都市綠廊道網絡之規劃模式

Planning Urban Greenways along Existing Road Network

10.6677/JTLR.200905_12(1).0004

羅健文(Chien-Wen Lo)；林楨家(Jen-Jia Lin)

綠廊道網絡 ； 分析階層程序法 ； 0-1多目標數學規劃 ； 一階演算法 ； Greenway Network ； Analytic Hierarchy Process ； 0-1 Multi-objective Programming ； One-stage Algorithm

臺灣土地研究

12卷1期（2009 / 05 / 01）

83 - 123

繁體中文

自西元1990年代初期，為處理土地使用與運輸路網建設行為所造成都市景觀與生態機能逐漸被破壞的問題，「綠廊道網絡」的理念逐漸在歐美各都市發展且越顯重要。運輸路網雖然是造成景觀碎裂與動物移動阻隔的禍首之一，但亦可以被利用為人工廊道系統進行破碎棲地之縫補，例如以道路網為基礎建構綠廊道網絡系統，來連結都市內的開放空間與公園綠地。據此，本研究以分析階層程序法建構綠廊道網絡應考量之重要因素；再者利用0-1多目標數學規劃方法建立以既有道路網為基礎之都市綠廊道網絡規劃模式，找出哪些路段適合做為綠廊道，以連接都市中之公園綠地，形成完整之綠廊道網絡系統，兼顧土地資源有效之利用與都市景觀生態之改善，並將之實際應用於台北市，利用一階演算法進行模式求解，產生多個替選方案供市政府都市發展、運輸系統與環境景觀規劃等部門進行整合規劃之參考。

Since the beginning of the 1990s, the notion of ”greenway network” has been emphasized as a solution for environmental and ecological problems caused by land use and transportation development. Although transportation network is one of the major causes of landscape fragmentation and specie endangerments, it can be used as corridors to connect fragmental patches in urban areas. This research focuses on building a planning model of greenway network which identifies potential greenways based on the existing road networks in urban areas. An analytic hierarchy process was used to select the important factors for modeling. The model was developed as a 0-1 multi-objective programming and was applied to Taipei city. The one-stage algorithm approach was used to solve the model and to generate alternative greenway networks for integrating urban development, transportation system, and landscape planning.

1. Ahern, J.(1995).Greenways as a planning strategy.Landscape Urban Planning,33,31-155.
2. Beatley T.(1999).Green urbanism: Learning from European cities.Washington D. C:Island Press.
3. Bitran, G. R.(1979).Theory of algorithms for linear multiple objective programs with zero-one variables.Mathematical Programming,17,362-390.
4. Bunn, A. G.,D. L. Urban.,T. H. Keitt(2000).Landscape connectivity: a conservation application of graph theory.Journal of Environmental Management,59,265-278.
5. Burden, A.(2004).City Planning Rezoning Guarantees Greenway on North Brooklyn Waterfront.Transportation Alternatives,10(3),3-4.
6. Catharinus, F. J.,P. A. W. Geert(2002).Reducing habitat fragmentation by minor rural roads through traffic calming.Landscape and Urban Planning,58,125-135.
7. Collinge, S. K.(1996).Ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation: implications for landscape architecture and planning.Landscape and Urban Planning,36,59-77.
8. Cook, E. A.(2002).Landscape structure indices for assessing urban ecological networks.Landscape and Urban Planning,58,269-280.
9. Cook, W. D.,M. Kress(1988).Deriving weights from pair-wise comparison ration matrices: an axiomatic approach.European Journal of Operational Research,37,355-362.
10. Deckro, R. F.,E. P. Winkofsky(1983).Solving zero-one multiple objective programs through implicit enumeration.The European Journal of Operational Research,12,362-374.
11. Erickson, D.(2006).Metro Green: Connecting open space in North American cities.Washington DC:Island Press.
12. Fabos J.,J. Ahern(1996).Greenways: The beginning of an international movement.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
13. Fabos, J. G.(1995).Introduction and overview: the greenway movement, uses and potentials of greenways.Landscape Urban Planning,33,1-13.
14. Forman R T. T.(1995).Land Mosaics: The Ecology of Landscape and Regions.New York:Cambridge University Press.
15. Forman R. T. T.,J. A. B. Daniel Sperling,P. C. Anthony.,D. C. Carol(2002).Road Ecology: Science and Solutions.Washington, D. C:Island Press.
16. Furuseth, O. J.,R. E. Altman(1991).Who's on the greenway: Socioeconomics, demographic, and locational characteristic of greenways users.Environmental Management,15(3),329-336.
17. Gerlough, D. L.,M. J. Huber(1975).TRB Special Report 165TRB Special Report 165,Washington, D. C:Transportation Research Board, National Science Council.
18. Greenshields, B. D.(1934).A study of traffic capacity.Proceeding of Highway Research Board,14,448-477.
19. Ho W.(2008).Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications-A literature review.European Journal of Operational Research,186,211-228.
20. Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council(1996).Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.Washington D.C:National Academy Press.
21. International Conference on Ecology and Transportation(2001).Center for Transportation and the Environment.Colorado, USA:NC State University, Keystone.
22. Jahanshahloo, G. R.,F. Hosseinzadeh.,N. Shoja,G. Tohidi(2005).A method for generating all efficient solutions of 0-1 multi-objective linear programming problem.Applied Mathematics and Computation,169,874-886.
23. Jongman, R. H. G.,G. Pungetti(2004).Ecological Networks and Greenways: Concept, Design, Implementation.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
24. Jongman, R. H. G.,M. Kulvik,I. Kristiansen(2004).European ecological networks and greenways.Landscape Urban Planning,68,305-319.
25. Kemp, R. L.(2006).Cities and nature: A handbook for renewal.North Carolina:McFarland & Company.
26. Kerley, L. L.,J. M. Goodrich,D. G. Miquelle,E. N. Smirnov,H. B. Quigley,M. G. Homocker(2002).Effects of roads and human disturbance on Amur Tigers.Conservation Biology,6(1),97-108.
27. Korpela, J.,A. Lehmusvaara(1999).A customer oriented approach to warehouse network evaluation and design.International Journal of Production Economics,59,135-146.
28. Korpela, J.,A. Lehmusvaara,M. Tuominen(2001).Customer service based design of the supply chain.International Journal of Production Economics,69(2),193-204.
29. Korpela, J.,K. Kylaheiko.,A. Lehmusvaara,M. Tuominen(2001).The effect of ecological factors on distribution network evaluation.International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications,4(2),257-269.
30. Korpela, J.,K. Kylaheiko,A. Lehmusvaara,M. Tuominen(2002).An analytic approach to production capacity allocation and supply chain design.International Journal of Production Economics,59,135-146.
31. Krovak, J.(1987).Ranking alternatives: comparison of different methods based on binary comparison matrices.European Journal of Operational Research,32(1),86-95.
32. Lea, D.(1990).Greenways move to forefront.Common Ground,2(2),4-5.
33. Li, F.,R. Wang.,J. Paulussen,X. Liu(2005).Comprehensive concept planning of urban greening based on ecological principles: A case study in Beijing China.Landscape Urban Planning,72,325-336.
34. Linehan, J.,M. Gross,J. Finn(1995).Greenway planning; developing a landscape ecological network approach.Landscape Urban Planning,33,179-193.
35. Little, C.(1990).Greenways for America.Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press.
36. Ohnishi, H.,K. Uesaka.,H. Oneyama,A. Kawakami(1999).Planning method of ecological network and road projects.Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies,3(1),51-58.
37. Opdam, P.,E. Steingröver,S. V. Rooij(2006).Ecological Networks: A spatial concept for multiactor planning of sustainable landscapes.Landscape and Urban Planning,75,322-332.
38. Randolph, J.(2004).Environmental land use planning and management.Washington DC:Island Press.
39. Saaty, T. L.(1980).The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation.New York:McGraw-Hill.
40. Seams, R. M.(1995).The evolution of greenway as an adaptive urban landscape form.Landscape Urban Planning,33,65-80.
41. Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc.(2002).Mitigation & Enhancements, I-35W Access project Active Transportation, a report commended by Hennepin Count, City of Minneapolis.Phillips Partnership Transportation Inc..
42. Smith, D. S.,P. C. Hellmund(2006).Designing greenways: Sustainable landscapes for nature and people.Washington DC:Island Press.
43. Sodhi, N. S.,C. Briffett.,L. Kong,B. Yuen(1999).Bird use of linear areas of a topical city: implications for park connector design and management.Landscape and Urban Planning,45,123-130.
44. Tan, K. W.(2006).A greenway network for Singapore.Landscape Urban Planning,76,45-66.
45. Toccolini, A.,L. N. Fumagalli,G. Senes(2006).Greenways planning in Italy: the Lambro River Valley Greenways System.Landscape and Urban Planning,76,98-111.
46. Turner, M. G.,R. H. Gardner,R .V O''Neill(2001).Landscape Ecology in theory and practice: Pattern and Process.New York:Springer-Verlag.
47. Turner, T.(2006).Greenway planning in Britain: resent work and future plans.Landscape Urban Planning,76,245-251.
48. Tyagi, R.,C. Das(1997).A methodology for cost versus service trade-offs in wholesale location-distribution using mathematical programming and analytic hierarchy process.Journal of Business Logistics,18(2),77-99.
49. Vaidya, O. S.,Kumar, S.(2006).Analytic hierarchy process: An overview of applications.European Journal of Operational Research,169(1),1-29.
50. Voogd, H.(1983).Multi-criteria evaluation for urban and regional planning.London:Pion.
51. Walmsley, A.(1995).Greenways and the making of urban form.Landscape Urban Planning,33,81-127.
52. Wisloski, J.(2005).Some greenway by spring.The Brooklyn Papers.
53. Yu, K.,D. Li,N. Li(2006).The evolution of greenways in China.Landscape Urban Planning,76,223-239.
54. 中華民國都市設計學會(2006)。台北市景觀綱要計畫。
55. 中華民國景觀學會(2003)。台北市都市景觀中長程建設計劃。
56. 中華智慧型運輸系統協會(2001)。台北市交通改善評鑑指標調查。台北市政府交通局。
57. 內政部營建署(2006)。市區道路生態綠廊道整體建構計畫。
58. 王小璘、吳慧儀(2000)。都市廊道景觀生態功能評估架構之研究－以台中市東光園道為例。造園學報，7(2)，99-199。
59. 王小璘、徐芳美(2001)。由景觀生態學觀點探討都市公園生物多樣性－以台北市大安森林公園為例。東海學報，42，115-127。
60. 王智聖(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立成功大學都市計劃學系。
61. 臺北市地方總預算歲出機關別預算表
62. 交通流量調查資料
63. 交通部運輸研究所(2001)。台灣地區公路容量手冊。台北市:交通部運輸研究所。
64. 吳孟勳(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立成功大學都市計劃研究所。
65. 林利貞(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學生物科學研究所。
66. 徐嵐、肖篤寧主編(1993)。景觀生態學：理論、方法及應用。台北:地景企業股份有限公司。
67. 陳彥良(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東海大學景觀研究所。
68. 陳恆安(1994)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東海大學生物研究所。
69. 陳顧淋(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立東華大學自然資源管理研究所。
70. 曾昭恩(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所。
71. 游振祥(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所。
72. 黃昭雄(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。逢甲大學建築與都市計畫所。
73. 黃書偉、陳昱伶(2003)。都市生態網絡規劃可行性之探討。長榮大學2003全國土地管理與開發學術研討會
74. 劉保廷(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。朝陽科技大學建築與都市設計研究所。
75. 蔡佩真(1994)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。逢甲大學土地管理學系。
76. 鄧振源(2005)。計畫評估：方法與應用。基隆市:海洋大學運籌規劃與管理研究中心。
77. 環藝工程顧問有限公司(2004)。綠之網－建國南北路綠軸實質空間規劃設計案。台北市政府都市嶺展局。

1. 顧嘉安,劉家彤(2020)。探討都市土地利用型態與淹水潛勢之空間關聯－以原臺中市為例。都市與計劃，47(1)，27-52。
2. 羅健文、林楨家(2011)。都市綠廊道網絡期程規劃模式。戶外遊憩研究，24(4)，53-88。