臺灣犯罪學開放研究資料及典藏庫實踐：信任、契約與價值的流動

The Mobility of Trust, Contract, and Value: The Practice of Open Research Data and Repositories for Criminology in Taiwan

10.6182/jlis.202306_21(1).137

石易儒(Yi-Ru Shih)；鄭瑋(Wei Jeng)

研究資料基礎建設 ； 犯罪資料 ； 研究資料管理 ； 開放研究資料 ； Research Data Infrastructure ； Data in Criminology ； Research Data Management ； Open Research Data

圖書資訊學刊

21卷1期（2023 / 06 / 01）

137 - 168

繁體中文;英文

本研究旨在探討犯罪學學者與研究資料間的互動情形，並利用質化方法瞭解影響其分享和再用研究資料的潛在因素。本研究透過焦點團體和深度訪談兩種方式，對13位犯罪學者進行訪談，並且揭示出「信任」、「契約」及「價值」三大核心要素，深深影響著犯罪學者分享資料的態度與再用資料的模式與行為。而藉由理解學者對於分享和再用研究資料的背後考量與擔憂，研究者找尋到重要的洞見，可裨益犯罪研究資料典藏庫的發展，亦進一步鞏固社會科學領域的研究資料基礎建設。綜整之，研究資料的分享與再用能為科學研究帶來進步，並且也為犯罪學領域的資料提供嶄新的實踐機會（如改善新的矯治方法、制定新的犯罪預防政策等），為該領域持續注入蓬勃發展的量能。

This study investigated researchers in criminology dealt with their research data and explored the potential factors that would influence their willingness to share and reuse others' research data through a qualitative approach. With a total 13 participants with two small focus group sessions as well as in-depth interviews, our findings unveiled three factors, trust, contract, and value, deeply rooted in researchers' attitudes and their data sharing and reuse patterns and behaviors. Through comprehending their concern behind sharing and reusing research data, we seek crucial insights that could be beneficial in developing a criminological research data repository, further consolidating the research data infrastructure in social science. Sharing and reusing data can advance scientific research and provide innovative possibilities for practice in criminology (e.g., new correctional methods, new crime prevention policies), providing sustained and thriving energy for the field.

1. 林奇秀、賴璟毅（2018）。臺灣社會科學量化資料再用之研究：2001-2015。教育資料與圖書館學，55(1)，39-69。【Lin, Chi-Shiou, & Lai, Ching-Yi (2018). The reuse of quantitative data in social sciences in Taiwan: 2001-2015. Journal of Educational Media & Library Sciences, 55(1), 39-69. https://doi.org/10.6120/JoEMLS.2018.551/0039.RS.AM (in Chinese)】
   連結：
2. 吳寂絹、卜小蝶（2015）。實務與研究的整合：以實證為基礎之圖書資訊學研究初探。圖書館學與資訊科學，41(2)，48-76。https://doi.org/10.6245/JLIS.2015.412/667【Wu, Chi-Chuan,& Pu, Hsiao.-Tieh (2015). Bridging the gap of practice and research: A preliminary investigation of evidence-based practice for library and information science research. Journal of Library & Information Science, 41(2), 48-76. (in Chinese)】
   連結：
3. 許春金、黃蘭媖、呂宜芬、游伊君（2019）。建立犯罪被害資料庫之研究。刑事政策與犯罪防治研究專刊，(23)，62-80。https://doi.org/10.6460/CPCP.201912_(23).04【Sheu, Chuen-Jim, Huang, Lan-Ying, Lu, Yi-Fen, & Yu, Yi-Chun (2019). Preliminary research on establishing crime victim database. Criminal Policies and Crime Prevention, (23), 62-80. (in Chinese)】
   連結：
4. 陸怡靖、柯皓仁（2020）。學者研究資料管理認知與實踐之研究。圖書資訊學刊，18(2)，103-137。https://doi.org/10.6182/jlis.202012_18(2).103【Lu, Yi-Ching, & Ke, Hao-Ren (2020). A study on scholars’ perceptions and practices of research data management. Journal of Library and Information Studies, 18(2), 103-137. https://doi.org/10.6182/jlis.202012_18(2).103 (in Chinese)】
   連結：
5. Abella, A., Ortiz‐de‐Urbina‐Criado, M., & De‐Pablos‐Heredero, C. (2019). The process of open data publication and reuse. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 70(3), 296-300. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24116
   連結：
6. Bahlai, C., Bartlett, L. J., Burgio, K. R., Fournier, A. M. V., Keiser, C. N., Poisot, T., & Whitney, K. S. (2019). Open science isn’t always open to all scientists. American Scientist, 107(2), 78-82. https://doi.org/10.1511/2019.107.2.78
   連結：
7. Bierer, B. E., Crosas, M., & Pierce, H. H. (2017). Data authorship as an incentive to data sharing. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376(17), 1684-1687.
   連結：
8. Eisape, D. (2019). The platform business model canvas a proposition in a design science approach. American Journal of Management Science and Engineering, 4(6), 91-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmse.20190406.12
   連結：
9. European Commission. (2016). Open innovation, open science, open to the world: A vision for Europe. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/061652
   連結：
10. Heinrich, A., Herrmann, F., & Pleines, H. (2019). Transparency and quality assessment of research data in post-Soviet area studies: The potential of an interactive online platform. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 10(2), 136-146. https://doi.org/10.1177/1879366519850698
    連結：
11. Janssen, M., Charalabidis, Y., & Zuiderwijk, A. (2012). Benefits, adoption barriers and myths of open data and open government. Information systems management, 29(4), 258-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2012.716740
    連結：
12. Kassen, M. (2013). A promising phenomenon of open data: A case study of the Chicago open data project. Government Information Quarterly, 30(4), 508-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.05.012
    連結：
13. Kleck, G., Tark, J., & Bellows, J. J. (2006). What methods are most frequently used in research in criminology and criminal justice? Journal of Criminal Justice, 34(2), 147-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.01.007
    連結：
14. Lyon, L., Jeng, W., & Mattern, E. (2020). Developing the tasks-toward-transparency (T3) model for research transparency in open science using the lifecycle as a grounding framework. Library & Information Science Research, 42(1), Article 100999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2019.100999
    連結：
15. Murillo, A. P., Curty, R. G., Jeng, W., & He, D. (2020). Confronting the challenges of computational and social perspectives of the data continuum. Data and Information Management, 4(2), 119-126. https://doi.org/10.2478/dim-2020-0008 National Institute of Health. (2023, January 26). Enhancing Reproducibility through Rigor and Transparency. https://grants.nih.gov/policy/reproducibility/index.htm
    連結：
16. Sampson, R. J., & Laub, J. H. (2005). A life-course view of the development of crime. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 602(1), 12-45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716205280075
    連結：
17. Tauberer, J. (2014). The principles and practices of open government data. Joshua Tauberer. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2007). OECD principles and guidelines for access to research data from public funding. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264034020-en-fr
    連結：
18. Thanos, C. (2013). A vision for global research data infrastructures. Data Science Journal, 12, 71-90. http://doi.org/10.2481/dsj.12-043
    連結：
19. Yan, A., & Weber, N. (2018). Mining open government data used in scientific research. In G. Chowdhury, J. McLeod, V. Gillet, & P. Willett (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Vol. 10766. Transforming Digital Worlds (pp. 303-313). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78105-1_34
    連結：
20. Yoon, A., & Lee, Y. Y. (2019). Factors of trust in data reuse. Online Information Review, 43(7), 1245-1262. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-01-2019-0014
    連結：
21. Zainal, N. Z., Hussin, H., Rahim, N. H. A., Nazri, M. N. M., & Suhaimi, M. A. (2019, December 2–3). Open government data use by Malaysian researchers. Some empirical evidence [Paper presentation]. 2019 6th International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems (ICRIIS), Johor Bahru, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRIIS48246.2019.9073640
    連結：
22. Zuiderwijk, A., Shinde, R., & Jeng, W. (2020). What drives and inhibits researchers to share and use open research data? A systematic literature review to analyze factors influencing open research data adoption. PloS One, 15(9), Article e0239283. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239283
    連結：
23. 王雲東（2016）。社會研究方法：量化與質性取向及其應用（第三版）。揚智。【[Wang, Yun-Tung] (2016). Social research methods: Quantitative and qualitative approaches and applications (3rd ed.). Yang-Chih. (in Chinese)】
24. 李治安、林誠夏、莊庭瑞（2014）。開放政府資料的基本原則與相關政策議題。公共治理季刊，2(1)，65-76。【[Lee, Zhi-An], [Lin, Cheng-Xia], & [Zhuang, Ting-Rui] (2014). [Kai fang zheng fu zi liao de ji ben yuan ze yu xiang guan zheng ce yi ti]. Public Governance Quarterly, 2(1), 65-76. (in Chinese)】
25. 林山田、林東茂、林燦璋、賴擁連（2020）。犯罪學（修訂六版）。三民。【[Lin, Shan-Tian], [Lin, Dong-Mao], [Lin, Can-Zhang], & [Lai, Yong-Lian] (2020). Criminology (6th ed.). San-Min. (in Chinese)】
26. 林奇秀、賴璟毅（2017）。臺灣社會科學學者資料再用行為之研究。圖書資訊學研究，11(2)，95-138。【Lin, Chi-Shiou, & Lai, Ching-Yi (2017). Data reuse behavior among Taiwan social scientists. Journal of Library & Information Science Research, 11(2), 95-138. (in Chinese)】
27. 胡述兆（主編）（1995）。圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典。漢美。【Hu, James S. C. (Ed.). (1995). Encyclopedic dictionary of library and information science. Sino-American. (in Chinese)】
28. 許福生（2018）。犯罪學與犯罪預防（二版）。三民。【[Xu, Fu-Sheng] (2018). Criminology and crime prevention (2nd ed.). San-Min. (in Chinese)】
29. 許春金、楊士隆、周愫嫻、鄭瑞隆、沈勝昂、陳玉書、黃翠紋、謝文彥、黃富源、戴伸峰、曾淑萍、賴擁連、邱獻輝、董旭英、林明傑、孟維德、許華孚、黃蘭媖、郭佩棻⋯侯崇文（2016）。刑事司法與犯罪學研究方法。五南。【Sheu, Chuen-Jim, Yang, Shu-Lung, Jou, Susyan, Cheng, Jui-Lung, Shen, Sheng-Ang, Chen, Yu-Shu, Huang, Chui-Wen, Hsieh, Wen-Yan, Huang, Fu-Yuan, Tai, Shen-Feng, Tzeng, Shu-Ping, Lai, Yung-Lien., Chiou, Hsien-Huei, Tung, Yuk-Ying, Lin, Min-Chieh, Mon, Wei-Teh, Hsu, Hua-Fu, Huang, Lan-Ying, Kuo, Pei-Fen, … Hou, Charles] (2016). [Xing shi si fa yu fan zui xue yan jiu fang fa]. Wu-Nan. (in Chinese)】
30. 陳舜伶、林珈宏、莊庭瑞（2013）。藏智於民：開放政府資料的原則與現況。中央 研究院，資訊科技創新研究中心，臺灣 創用CC計畫。http://creativecommons.tw/downloads/handbook_open_gov_data_2012.pdf【[Chen, Shun-Ling], [Lin, Jia-Hong], & [Zhuang, Ting-Rui] (2013). Empowering citizens with data: An open government data handbook. Creative Commons Taiwan, Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica. (in Chinese)】
31. 楊東謀、羅晉、王慧茹、項靖（2013）。國際政府數據開放實施現況初探。電子政務，(6)，16-25。【Yang, Tung-Mou, Lo, Jin, Wang, Hui-Ju, & Shiang, Jing] (2013). [Guo ji zheng fu shu ju kai fang shi shi xian kuang chu tan]. E-Government, (6), 16-25. (in Chinese)】
32. 楊東謀（2016-2018）。政府開放資料之發展評估與資訊尋求行為研究:以台灣電子化政府為例 (計畫編號: MOST 104-2410-H-002-094-MY2)。科技部。【Yang, Tung-Mou (2016-2018). Maturity assessment and exploration of information seeking behavior in Taiwan open government data. (No. MOST 104-2410-H-002-094-MY2). Ministry of Science and Technology. (in Chinese)】
33. 魏令芳、李明錦（2018，7月1日）。淺談「研究資料管理」(Research Data Management)。中華民國圖書館學會電子報，(189)，1-7。https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/123456789/403832/2/LAROC189-201807-RDM.pdf【Wei, Ling-Fang, & Lee, Ming-Ching (2018, July 1). [Qian tan “yan jiu zi liao guan li”] (Research Data Management). LAROC(Library Association of the Republic of China e-NEWs), (189), 1-7. https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/123456789/403832/2/LAROC189-201807-RDM.pdf (in Chinese)】
34. Krueger, R. A.、Casey, M. A.（2003）。焦點團體訪談（洪志成、廖梅花譯）。濤石文化。（原著出版於2000）【Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. A. (2003). Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research (3rd ed.). ([Hong, Zhi-Cheng], [Liao, Mei-Hua], Trans.). Water Stone. (Original work published 2000) (in Chinese)】
35. Stewart, D. W.、Shamdasani, P. N.（2000）。焦點團體：理論與實務（歐素汝譯）。弘智。（原著出版於1990）【Stewart, D. W., & Shamdasani, P. N. (2000). Focus groups: Theory and practice.([Ou, Su-Ru], Trans.). Hurng-Chih. (Original work published 1990) (in Chinese)】
36. de la Fuente, G.B. (n.d.). What is open science? Introduction. Retrieved November 18, 2022, from https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/content/open-science-introduction.
37. European Commission. (n.d.). Facts and Figures for open research data, Retrieved June 22, 2022, from https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/strategy/strategy-2020-2024/our-digital-future/open-science/open-science-monitor/facts-and-figures-open-research-data_en
38. Facilitate Open Science Training for European Research. (n.d.). Open Data. Retrieved June 21, 2022, from https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/taxonomy/term/6
39. Gilbert, E., & Corker, K. (2017). What is “Open Science”? (And why some researchers want it). Futurism. Retrieved from November 18, 2022, from https://futurism.com/what-is-open-science-and-why-some-researchers-want-it
40. Hey,T., Tansley, S., Tolle, K., & Gray, J. (Eds.). (2009). The fourth paradigm: Data- intensive scientific discovery. Microsoft research.
41. Holliday, A. (2016). Doing &writing qualitative research (3rd ed.). Sage.
42. Jupp, V. R. (1989). Methods of criminological research. Routledge.
43. Kraska, P. B., & Neuman, W. L. (2008). Criminal justice and criminology research methods. Pearson.
44. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage.
45. Maxfield, M. G., & Babbie, E. R. (2016). Basics of research methods for criminal justice and criminology (4th ed.). Cengage Learning.
46. Raines, J. (2013). The digital accountability and transparency act of 2011 (DATA): Using open data principles to revamp spending transparency legislation. New York Law School Law Review, 57(2), 313-360. https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/nyls_law_review/vol57/iss2/5/

1. (2024).Social Adaptation through Digital Literacy among LIS Students in Post-COVID-19 in Indonesia.圖書資訊學刊,22(1),59-89.