题名

近一世紀審美實徵研究趨勢

并列篇名

The Trend of Empirical Studies of Aesthetics in the Past Century

DOI

10.6381/JD.200806.0001

作者

伊彬(Bin I);林演慶(Yen-Ching Lin)

关键词

實徵研究 ; 審美 ; Empirical Studies ; Aesthetics

期刊名称

設計學報

卷期/出版年月

13卷2期(2008 / 06 / 01)

页次

1 - 29

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本論文重點在於對於審美議題相關之實徵研究文獻的整理、描述與探討,主要分為兩大部分。第一部分著重在審美實徵研究的成果與理論,從主客體特質及其交互效果加以描述,提供對於目前審美實徵研究的完整雛形;第二部分進行整合性的論述,輔以心理、神經和生物科學觀點,提出動態性的階層心智審美模式概念。期盼對於審美偏好的理解,趨於真實且完善,並提供未來相關審美研究的藍圖。

英文摘要

The aim of this paper is to analyze and discuss the important studies of empirical aesthetics in the past century. The paper is divided into two sections. The first section describes the outcomes of empirical studies of aesthetics in aspects of subjective and objective properties and their interactions. This is hoped to provide a model of aesthetic process. The second section is to carry on an integrated elaboration from the views of aesthetics in psychological science, neuroscience, and bioscience. It is hoped to address a concept of hierarchically dynamic mental model of aesthetics and to serve as an overall review of empirical aesthetics for further studies.

主题分类 人文學 > 藝術
社會科學 > 傳播學
参考文献
  1. Adair, H. S.,Bartley, S. H.(1958).Nearness as a function of lateral orientation in pictures.Perceptual and Motor Skills,8,135-141.
  2. Aiken, N. E.(1998).The biological origins of art.Westport, CT:Praeger.
  3. Anand, P.,Holbrook, M. B.,Stephens, D.(1988).The formation of affective judgments: The cognitive-affective model versus the independent hypothesis.Journal of Consumer Research,15(3),386-391.
  4. Andreasen, R. G.(1987).Creativity and mental illness: Prevalence rate in writers and their first-degree relatives.American Journal of Psychiatry,144(10),1288-1293.
  5. Annett, M.(1972).The distribution of manual asymmetry.British Journal of Psychology,63(3),343-350.
  6. Arnheim, R.(1974).Art and visual perception: The new version.Berkeley:University of California Press.
  7. Baltissen, R.,Ostermann, B. M.(1998).Are the dimensions underlying aesthetic and affective judgement the same?.Empirical Studies of the Arts,16(2),97-113.
  8. Bamossy, G.,Scammon, D. L.,Johnston, M.(1983).A preliminary investigation of the reliability and validity of an aesthetic judgment test.Advances in Consumer Research,10(1),685-690.
  9. Banich, M. T.,Heller, W.,Levy, J.(1989).Aesthetic preference and picture asymmetries.Cortex,25(2),187-195.
  10. Barron, F.,Welsh, G. S.(1952).Artistic perception as a possible factor in personality style.Journal of Psychology,33,199-203.
  11. Barrow, J. D.(1995).The artful universe.Oxford:Clarendon Press.
  12. Bartley, S. H.,Adair, H. S.(1959).Comparisons of phenomenal distance in photographs of various sizes.Journal of Psychology,47,289-295.
  13. Bartley, S. H.,Dehardt, D. C.(1960).Phenomenal distance in scenes of major and minor items.Journal of Psychology,50,315-322.
  14. Bartley, S. H.,Thompson, R.(1959).A further study of horizontal asymmetry in perception of pictures.Perceptual and Motor Skills,9,135-138.
  15. Beaton, A.(1985).Left Side, Right Side.New Haven:Yale University Press.
  16. Beaumont, J. G.(1985).Lateral organization and aesthetic preference: The importance of peripheral visual asymmetries.Neuropsychologia,23(1),103-113.
  17. Bednar, J. A.,Mikkulainen, J. A.(2000).Self-organization of innate face preference: Could genetics be expressed through learning?.Proceedings of the Seventeenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence
  18. Berlyne, D. E.(1949)."Interest" as a psychological concept.British Journal of Psychology,39,184-195.
  19. Berlyne, D. E.(1971).Aesthetics and psychobiology.New York:Appleton-Century-Crofts.
  20. Berlyne, D. E.(1960).Conflict, arousal and curiosity.New York:McGraw-Hill.
  21. Berlyne, D. E.(1970).Novelty, complexity, and hedonic value.Perception and Psychophysics,8,279-286.
  22. Berlyne, D. E.(1974).Studies in the new experimental aesthetics: Steps toward and objective psychology of aesthetic appreciation.Washinton, DC:Hemisphere.
  23. Berlyne, D. E.,D. Levine (Ed.)(1967).Arousal and reinforcement.Nebraska Symposium on Motivation,Lincoln:
  24. Bezruczko, N.,Schroeder, D.(1994).Differences in visual preferences and cognitive aptitude of professional artists and nonartists.Empirical Studies of the Arts,12(2),19-39.
  25. Birkhoff, G. D.(1933).Aesthetic measure.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
  26. Bonanno, G. A.,Stillings, N. A.(1986).Preference, familiarity, and recognition after repeated brief exposures to random geometric shapes.American Journal of Psychology,99(3),403-415.
  27. Bornstein, R.(1989).Exposure and affect: Overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968-1987.Psychological Bulletin,106(2),265-289.
  28. Bornstein, R. F.,D'Agostino, P. R.(1994).The attribution and discounting of perceptual fluency: Preliminary tests of a perceptual fluency/attributional model of the mere exposure effects.Social Cognition,12(2),103-128.
  29. Bornstein, R. F.,Leone, D. R.,Gally, D. J.(1987).The generalizability of subliminal mere exposure effects: Influence of stimuli perceived without awareness on social behavior.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,53(6),1070-7079.
  30. Bornstein, R. F.,Pittman, T. S.(1992).Perception without awareness.New York:Guilford.
  31. Boselie, F.(1991).Against prototypicality as a central concept in aesthetics.Empirical Studies in the Arts,9(1),65-73.
  32. Boyatzis, C.,Eades, J.(1999).Gender differences in preschoolers' and kindergartner' artistic production and preference.Sex Roles,41(7-8),627-638.
  33. Brant, L.,Marshall, P. H.,Roak, B.(1995).On the development of prototypes and preference.Empirical Studies of the Arts,13(2),161-170.
  34. Brickman, P.,Redfield, J.,Harrison, A. A.,Crandall, R.(1972).Drive and predisposition as factors in the attitudinal effects of mere exposure.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,8(1),31-44.
  35. Brighouse, G.(1939).Variability in preference for simple forms.Psychological Monographs,51(5),68-74.
  36. Bryden, M. P.(1979).Hemispheric differences in recognizing faces and emotions.Brain and Language,7(1),127-138.
  37. Burke, R. S.,Dallenbach, K. M.(1924).Position versus intensity as a determinant of attention in left-handed observers.American Journal of Psychology,35(2),267-269.
  38. Calkins, M.(1990).An attempted experiment in psychological aesthetics.Psychological Review,7(6),580-591.
  39. Campbell, F. W.,Kulikowski, J. J.(1966).Orientation selectivity of the human visual system.Journal of Physiology,187(2),437-445.
  40. Chatterjee, A.(2004).Prospects for a cognitive neuroscience of visual aesthetics.Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts,4(2),56-60.
  41. Chatterjee, A.(2002).Universal and relative aesthetics: A framework from cognitive neuroscience.Paper presented at the International Association of Empirical Aesthetics.
  42. Checkosky, S. F.,Whitlock, D.(1973).The effects of pattern goodness on recognition time in a memory search task.Journal of Experimental Psychology,100(2),341-348.
  43. Chemtob, C. M.(1979).Paradoxical complementary in the esthetic preferences of the cerebral hemispheres: A exploratory study.Perceptual and Motor Skills,48,799-806.
  44. Child, I. L.(1964).Observations on the meaning of some measures of esthetic sensitivity.Journal of Psychology,57,49-64.
  45. Child, I. L.(1965).Personality correlates of aesthetic judgment in college students.Journal of Personality,33(3),476-511.
  46. Child, I. L.,Cooperman, M.,Wolowitz, H. M.(1968).Esthetic preference and other correlates of active versus passive food preference.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,11(1),75-84.
  47. Christman, S.,Pinger, K.(1997).Lateral biases in aesthetic preference: Pictorial dimensions and neural mechanisms.Laterality,2(2),155-175.
  48. Coney, J.,Bruce, C.(2004).Hemispheric process in the perception of art.Empirical Studies of the Arts,22(2),181-200.
  49. Connellan, J.,Baron-Cohen S.,Wheelwright, S.,Batki, A.,Ahluwalia, J.(2001).Sex differences in human neonatal social perception.Infant Behavior and Development,23(1),113-118.
  50. Coss, R. G.(1968).The ethological command in art.Leonardo,1(3),273-287.
  51. Cupchik, G. C.(1995).Emotion in aesthetics: Reactive and reflective models.Poetics,23(1-2),177-188.
  52. Cupchik, G. C.,Gebotys, R. J.(1990).Interest and pleasure as dimensions of aesthetic response.Empirical Studies of the Arts,8(1),1-14.
  53. Cutting, J. E.(2003).Gustave Caillebotte, French Impressionism and mere exposure.Psychonomic Bulletin and Review,10(4),319-343.
  54. Dallenbach, K. M.(1923).Position versus intensity as a determinant of clearness.American Journal of Psychology,34(2),282-286.
  55. Darwin, C.(1998).The descent of man.Amherst. NY:Prometheus Books.
  56. Davidoff, J. B.(1976).Hemispheric sensitivity differences in the perception of colour.Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,28(3),387-394.
  57. Davidoff, J. B.,J. G. Beaumont (Ed.)(1977).Divided Visual Field Studies of Cerebral Organisation.London:Academic Press.
  58. Davis, R. C.(1936).An evaluation and test of Birkhoff's aesthetic measure and formula.Journal of General Psychology,15,231-240.
  59. Dissanayake, E.(1992).Homo aesthetics: Where art comes from and why.New York:The Free Press.
  60. Dissanayake, E.(1988).What is art for?.Seattle, WA:Washington University Press.
  61. Ekman, P.(2004).Emotions revealed: Recognizing faces and feelings to improve communication and emotional life.New York:Henry Holt & Co.
  62. Elbert, T.,Pantev, C.,Wienbruch, C.,Rockstroh, B.,Taub, E.(1995).Increased cortical representation of the fingers of the left hand in string players.Science,270(5234),305-307.
  63. Ellis, A. W.,Miller, D.(1981).Left and wrong in adverts: Neuropsychological correlates of aesthetic preferences.British Journal of Psychology,72(2),225-229.
  64. Etcoff, N.(1999).Survival of the prettiest: The science of beauty.New York:Doubleday.
  65. Eysenck, H. J.(1995).Genius: The natural history of creativity.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
  66. Eysenck, H. J.(1972).Personal preferences, aesthetic sensitivity and personality in trained and untrained subjects.Journal of Personality,40(4),544-557.
  67. Eysenck, H. J.(1941).Personality factors and preference judgments.Nature,148(3751),346.
  68. Eysenck, H. J.,Castle, M.(1970).Training in art as a factor in the determination of preference judgments for polygons.British Journal of Psychology,61(1),65-81.
  69. Fantz, R. L.(1964).Visual experience in infants: decreased attention to familiar patterns relative to novel one.Science,146(3644),668-670.
  70. Farkas, A.(2002).Prototypicality-effect in Surrealist paintings.Empirical Studies of the Arts,20(2),127-136.
  71. Feagin, S. F.,R. Audi (Ed.)(1995).The Cambridge dictionary of philosophy.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
  72. Feist, G. J.(1998).A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and creativity.Personality and Social Psychology Review,2(4),290-309.
  73. Feist, G. J.(2001).Natural and sexual selection in the evolution of creativity.Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts,2(1),11-16.
  74. Feist, G. J.,Brady, T. R.(2004).Openness to experience, non-conformity, and the preference for abstract art.Empirical Studies of the Arts,22(1),77-89.
  75. Freedman, K.,Wood, J.(1999).Reconsidering critical response: Student judgments of purpose, interpretation, and relationships in visual culture.Studies in Art Education,40(2),128-142.
  76. Freimuth, M.,Wapner, S.(1979).The influence of lateral organization on the evaluation of paintings.British Journal of Psychology,70(2),211-218.
  77. Furnham, A.,Avison, M.(1997).Personality and preference for surreal paintings.Personality and Individual Differences,23(6),923-935.
  78. Furnham, A.,Bunyan, M.(1988).Personality and art preferences.European Journal of Personality,2(1),67-74.
  79. Gaffron, M.(1950).Right and left in pictures.Art Quarterly,13,312-331.
  80. Gangestad, S. W.,Thornhill, R.,Yeo, R. A.(1994).Facial attractiveness, developmental stability, and fluctuating asymmetry.Ethology and Sociobiology,15(2),73-85.
  81. Gardner, H.,D. O'Hare (Ed.)(1981).Psychology and the arts.Brighton:The Harvester Press.
  82. Garner, W. R.(1974).The processing of information structure.Potomac, MD:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  83. Getzels, J.(1976).The creative vision: The evaluation of works of art in the creative Vision.New York:John Wiley.
  84. Goleman, D.(1995).Emotional intelligent: Why it can matter more than IQ.New York:Bantam Books.
  85. Gombrich, E. H.(1995).The story of art.London:Phaidon.
  86. Gombrich, E. H.(1984).A sense of order.London:Phaidon.
  87. Goude, G.(1972).A multidimensional scaling approach to the perception of art II.Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,13(4),258-271.
  88. Gross, C. G.,Bornstein, M. H.(1978).Left and right in science and art.Leonardo,11(1),29-38.
  89. Grush, J. E.(1976).Attitude formation and mere exposure phenomena: A non-artificial explanation of empirical findings.Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,33(3),281-290.
  90. Effect of prototypical shapes on purchasing preference
  91. Hargreaves, D. J.,Galton, M. J.,B. Reimer (Eds.),R. A. Smith (Eds.)(1992).The arts, education and aesthetic knowing.Chicago:National Society for the Study of Education.
  92. Harnad, S.(1987).Categorical perception: The groundwork of cognition.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  93. Harrison, A. A.,L. Berkowitz (Ed.)(1977).Advances in experimental social psychology.New York:Academic Press.
  94. Hekkert, P.,Morel, K.,Snelders, D.(1996).Typicality, originality, and aesthetic preference.Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the International Association of Empirical Aesthetics.
  95. Hekkert, P.,van Wieringen, P. C. W.(1990).Complexity and prototypicality as determinants of the appraisal of cubist paintings.British Journal of Psychology,81(4),483-495.
  96. Hekkert, P.,van Wieringen, P. C. W.(1996).The impact of level of expertise on the evaluation of original and altered versions of post-impressionistic paintings.Acta Psychologica,94(2),117-131.
  97. Hekkert, P.,van Wieringen, P. C. W.,L. Halsz (Ed.)(1990).Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Empirical Aesthetics.Budapest:Institute for Psychology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
  98. Hildreth, G. H.(1936).Colour and picture choices of young children.Journal of Genetic Psychology,49(2),427-435.
  99. Holbrook, M. B.,Zirlin, R. B.(1985).Artistic creation, artworks, and aesthetic appreciation: Some philosophical contributions to nonprofit marketing.Advances in Nonprofit Marketing,1(1),1-54.
  100. Holbrook, M.B.,J.C. Olson (Ed.)(1980).Advances in Consumer Research.Ann Arbor, MI:Association for Consumer Research.
  101. Housen, A.(1983).Harvard Graduate School of Education.
  102. Hubel, D. H.,Wiesel, T. N.(1959).Receptive fields of single neurons in the cat's striate cortex.Journal of Physiology,148(3),574-591.
  103. Humphrey, D.(1997).Preferences in symmetries and symmetries in drawings: Asymmetries between ages and sexes.Empirical Studies of the Arts,15(1),41-60.
  104. Iijima, M.,Arisaka, O.,Minamoto, F.,Yasumasa, A.(2001).Sex differences in children's free drawings.Hormones and Behavior,40(2),99-104.
  105. Ingarden, R.,P. J. McCormick, (Ed.)(1985).Selected papers in aesthetics.
  106. Jacobsen, T.,Hoeful, L.(2001).Aesthetics electrified: An analysis of descriptive symmetry and evaluation aesthetic judgment processes using event-related brain potentials.Empirical Studies of the Arts,19(2),177-190.
  107. Janiszewski, C.(1990).The Influence of print advertisement organization on affect toward a brand name.Journal of Consumer Research,17(1),53-65.
  108. Janiszewski, C.(1993).Preattentive mere exposure effects.Journal of Consumer Research,20(3),376-392.
  109. Janiszewski, C.(1988).Preconscious processing effects: The independence of attitude formation and conscious thought.Journal of Consumer Research,15(2),199-209.
  110. Johnson, M. H.,Morton, J.(1991).Biology and cognitive development: The case of face recognition.New York:Blackwell.
  111. Kawecki, I.(1994).Gender differences in young children's artwork.British Research Journal,20(4),485-490.
  112. Kimura, D.,Davidson, W.(1975).Right arm superiority for tapping with distal and proximal joints.Journal of Human Movement Studies,1(4),199-202.
  113. Koffka, K.(1935).Principles of Gestalt psychology.New York:Harcourt, Brace, & World.
  114. Krugalski, A. W.,Freund, T.,Bar, T. D.(1996).Motivational effects in the mere-exposure paradigm.European Journal of Social Psychology,26(3),479-499.
  115. Kubovy, M.,A. E. Kazdin (Ed.)(2000).Encyclopedia of psychology.New York:Oxford University Press.
  116. Kunst-Wilson, W. R.,Zajonc, R. B.(1980).Affective discrimination of stimuli that cannot be recognized.Science,207(4430),557-558.
  117. Langford, R.(1935).Ocular behavior and the principle of pictorial balance.Journal of General Psychology,15,292-325.
  118. Langlois, J. H.,Roggman, L. A.(1990).Attractive faces are only average.Psychological Science,1(2),115-121.
  119. Lazarus, R. S.(1984).On the primacy of cognition.American Psychologist,39(2),124-129.
  120. Leder, H.(2003).Familiar and fluent! Style-related processing hypotheses in aesthetic appreciation.Empirical Studies of the Arts,21(2),165-175.
  121. Leder, H.(2001).Determinants of preference, When do we like what we know?.Empirical Studies of the Arts,19(2),201-211.
  122. Leder, H.,Belke, B.,Oeberst, A.,Augustin, D.(2001).A model of aesthetic appreciation and aesthetic judgments.British Journal of Psychology,95(4),489-508.
  123. LeDoux, J.(1994).Emotional memory systems in the brain.Behavioural Brain Research,58(1-2),69-79.
  124. LeDoux, J.(1994).Emotion, memory and the brain.Scientific American,270(6),50-57.
  125. LeDoux, J.(1992).Emotion and the limbic system concept.Concepts in Neuroscience,2,169-199.
  126. LeDoux, J.(1996).The Emotional Brain.New York:Simon & Schuster.
  127. Levy, J.(1976).Lateral dominance and aesthetic preference.Neuropsychologia,14(4),431-445.
  128. Levy, J.,P. A. Buser (Eds.),A. Rougeul-Buser (Eds.)(1978).Cerebral Correlates of Conscious Experience.Amsterdam:North-Holland.
  129. Lewis, T.,Amini, F.,Lannon, R.(2000).A general theory of love.New York:Random House.
  130. Locher, P.(1996).The contribution of eye-movement research to an understanding of the nature of pictorial balance perception: A review of the literature.Empirical Studies of the Arts,14(2),143-163.
  131. Locher, P.(2003).Experimental techniques for investigating the contribution of pictorial balance to the creation and perception of visual displays.Empirical Studies of the Arts,21(2),127-135.
  132. Locher, P.,Cornelis, E.,Wagemas, J.,Stappers, P.(2001).Artists' use of compositional balance for creating visual displays.Empirical Studies of the Arts,19(2),213-227.
  133. Locher, P.,Nagy, Y.(1996).Vision spontaneously establishes the percept of pictorial balance.Empirical Studies of the Arts,14(1),17-31.
  134. Locher, P.,Stapper, P.,Overbeeke, K.(1998).The role of balance as an organizing design principle underlying adults' compositional strategies for creating visual displays.Acta Psychologica,99(2),141-161.
  135. Machotka, P.(1982).Esthetic judgment warm and cool: Cognitive and affective determinants.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,42(1),100-107.
  136. Maritain, J.,M. Rader (Rd.)(1966).A modern book of Esthetics.New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  137. Martindale, C.(1996).A note on the relationship between prototypicality and preference.Empirical Studies of the Arts,14(1),109-113.
  138. Martindale, C.(1990).The clockwork muse: The predictability of artistic change.New York:Basic Books.
  139. Martindale, C.(1984).The pleasures of thought: A theory of cognitive hedonics.Journal of Mind and Behavior,5,49-80.
  140. Martindale, C.,Moore, K.(1988).Priming, prototypicality and preference.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,14(4),661-670.
  141. Martindale, C.,Moore, K,Borkum, J.(1990).Aesthetic preference: Anomalous findings for Berlyne's psychological theory.American Journal of Psychology,103(1),53-80.
  142. Martindale, C.,Moore, K,West, A.(1988).Relationship of preference judgments to typicality, novelty, and mere exposure.Empirical Studies of the Arts,6(1),79-96.
  143. McCare, R. R.(1987).Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52(6),1258-1261.
  144. McGuinness, D.,B. Lloyd (Eds.),J. Archer (Eds.)(1976).Exploring sex differences.London:Academic Press.
  145. McLaughlin, J. P.(1986).Aesthetic preference and lateral preferences.Neuropsychologia,24(4),587-590.
  146. McLaughlin, J. P.,Dean, P.,Stanley, P.(1983).Aesthetic preference in dextrals and sinistrals.Neuropsychologia,21(2),147-153.
  147. McManus, I.,Edmondson, D.,Rodger, J.(1985).Balance in pictures.British Journal of Psychology,76(3),311-324.
  148. McManus, I.,Kitson, C.(1995).Compositional geometry in pictures.Empirical Studies of the Arts,13(1),73-94.
  149. Mead, A. M.,McLauglin, J. P.(1992).The roles of handedness and stimulus asymmetry in aesthetics preference.Brain and Cognition,20(2),300-307.
  150. Meier, N. C.(1939).Factors in artistic aptitude: Final summary of a ten-year study of a special ability.Psychological Monographs,51(5),140-158.
  151. Merleau-Ponty, M.(1964).The primacy of perception, and other essays on phenomenological psychology, the philosophy of art, history, and politics.Chicago:Northwestern University Press.
  152. Merzenich, M. M.,Sameshine, K.(1993).Cortical plasticity and memory.Current Opinion in Neurobiology,3(2),187-196.
  153. Miller, G. F.(2000).The mating mind: How sexual choice shaped the evaluation of human nature.New York:Doubleday.
  154. Miller, R. L.(1976).Mere exposure, psychological reactance and attitude change.Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,59,1-9.
  155. Molnar, F.,Ratsikas, D.,J. K. O'Regan (Eds.),A. Lévy-Scjoen (Eds.)(1987).Eye Movements: From Physiology to Cognition.Amsterdam:North-Holland.
  156. Nachson, I.(1985).Directional preferences in perception of visual stimuli.International Journal of Neuroscience,25(3&4),161-174.
  157. Nachson. I,Argaman, E.,Luria, A.(1999).Effect of directional and handedness on aesthetic preference for left and right profile.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,30(1),104-166.
  158. Neisser, U.(1987).Concepts and conceptual development: Ecological and intellectual factors in categorization.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  159. Nelson, T. M.,MacDonald, G. A.(1971).Lateral organization, perceived depth, and title preference in pictures.Perceptual and Motor Skills,33,983-986.
  160. Nicki, R. M.,Lee, P. L.,Moss, V.(1981).Ambiguity, cubist works of art, and preference.Acta Psychologica,49(1),27-41.
  161. Nodine, C.,Locher, P.,Krupinski, E.(1993).The role of formal art training on perception and aesthetic judgment of art compositions.Leonardo,26(3),219-227.
  162. Nodine, C.,McGinnis, J.(1983).Artistic style, compositional design, and visual scanning.Visual Arts Research,12,1-9.
  163. Oeser, O. A.(1932).Some experiments on the abstraction of form and color.British Journal of Psychology,22,200.
  164. Orians, G. H.(2001).An evolutionary perspective on aesthetics.Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts,2(1),25-29.
  165. Orians, G. H.,Heerwagen, J. H.,J. H. Barkow (Eds.),L. Cosmides (Eds.)(1992).The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture.New York:Oxford University Press.
  166. Pakkenberg, B.,Pelvig, D.,Marner, L.,Bundgaard, M. J.,Gundersen, H. J. G.,Nyengaard, J. R.,Regeur, L.(2003).Aging and the human neocortex.Experimental Gerontology,38(1-2),95-99.
  167. Palmer, S. E.,G. R. Lockhead (Eds.),J. R. Pomerantz (Eds.)(1991).The perception of structure.Washington, DC:American Psychological Association.
  168. Pamler, S. E.,Hemenway, K.(1978).Orientation and symmetry: Effects of multiple, near, and rotational symmetries.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Preference,4(4),691-702.
  169. Parsons, M.(1987).How we understand art.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  170. Pederson, D. M.(1986).Perception of interior designs.Perceptual and Motor Skills,63(2),671-676.
  171. Pinker, S.(1997).How the mind works.New York:Norton.
  172. Power, C. (Eds.),R. Dunbar (Eds.),C. Knight (Eds.)(1999).The evolution of culture.New Brunswick, NJ:Rutgers University Press.
  173. Purcell, A. T.,Nasar, J.,L. Halász (Ed.)(1990).Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Empirical Aesthetics.Budapest:Institute for Psychology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
  174. Purcell, A. T.,W.R. Crozier (Eds.),A. J. Chapman (Eds.)(1984).Cognitive processes in the perception of art.Amsterdam:North-Holland.
  175. Rawlings, D.(2000).The interaction of openness to experience and schizotypy in predicting preference foe abstract and violent paintings.Empirical Studies of the Arts,18(1),69-91.
  176. Rawlings, D.,Barrantes i Vidal, N.,Furnham, A.(2001).Personality and aesthetic preferences in Spain and England: Two studies relating sensation seeking and openness to experience to liking for paintings and music.European Journal of Personality,14(6),553-576.
  177. Rawlings, D.,Twomey, F.,Burns, E.,Morris, S.(1998).Personality, creativity, and aesthetic preference: Comparing psychoticism, sensation seeking, schizotypy, and openness to experience.Empirical Studies of the Arts,16(2),153-178.
  178. Read, H.(1972).The meaning of art.London:Faber & Faber.
  179. Reber, R.,Schwarz, N.,Winkielman, P.(2004).Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: Is Beauty in the perceiver's processing experience?.Personality and Social Psychology Review,8(4),364-382.
  180. Reber, R.,Winkielman, P.,Schwarz, N.(1998).Effects of perceptual fluency on affective judgments.Psychological Science,9(1),45-48.
  181. Rettie, R.(2000).The verbal and visual components of packing design.Journal of Product and Brand Management,9(1),56-70.
  182. Rhodes, G., Sumich,Byatt, G.(1999).Are average facial configurations attractive only because of their symmetry?.Psychological Science,10(1),52-58.
  183. Rhodes, G.,Tremewan, T.(1996).Averageness, exaggeration, and facial attractiveness.Psychological Science,7(2),105-110.
  184. Rhoeds, G,Proffitt, F.,Grady, J. M.,Sumich, A.(1998).Facial symmetry and the perception of beauty.Psychonomic Bulletin and Review,5(4),659-669.
  185. Rosch, E.(1975).Cognitive representations and semantic categories.Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,104(3),192-233.
  186. Rosch, E.,Mervis, C. B.(1975).Family resemblances: Studies in the internal structure of categories.Cognitive Psychology,7(4),573-605.
  187. Royer, F.(1981).Detection of symmetry.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance,7(6),1186-1210.
  188. Rubenstein, A. J.,Langlois, J. H.,Kalakanis, L.(1999).Infant preference for attractive faces: A cognitive explanation.Developmental Psychology,35(5),848-855.
  189. Sakhuja, T.,Gupta, G. C.,Singh, M.,Vaid, J.(1996).Reading habits affect asymmetries in facial affect judgments: A replication.Brain and Cognition,32(2),162-165.
  190. Salyer, D. L.,Lund, T. D.,Fleming, D. E.,Lephart, E. D.,Horvath, T. L.(2001).Sexual dimorphism and aromatase in the rat retina.Developmental Brain Research,126(1),131-136.
  191. Santayana, G.(1955).The sense of beauty.New York:Dover.
  192. Sax, L.(2005).Why gender matters: what parents and teachers need to know about the emerging science of sex differences.New York:Doubleday.
  193. Schacter, D. L.(1996).Searching for memory: The Brain, the mind, and the past.New York:Basic Books.
  194. Schacter, D. L.(1987).Implicit memory: History and current status.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,13(3),501-518.
  195. Seamon, J. G.,Brody, N.,Kauff, D. M.(1983).Affective discrimination of stimuli that are not recognized: Effects of shadowing, masking, and cerebral laterality.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition,9(3),544-555.
  196. Seamon, J. G.,Brody, N.,Kauff, D. M.(1983).Affective discrimination of stimuli that are not recognized II: Effect of delay between study and test.Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society,21(3),187-189.
  197. Seamon, J. G.,Ganor-Stern, D.,Crowley, M. J.,Wilson, S. M.,Weber, W. J.,O'Rourke, C. M.,Mahoney, J. K.(1997).A mere exposure effect for transformed three-dimensional objects: Effects of reflection, size, or color changes on affect and recognition.Memory and Cognition,25(3),367-374.
  198. Seamon, J. G.,Marsh, R. L.,Brody, N.(1984).Critical importance of exposure duration for affective discrimination of stimuli that are not recognized.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition,10(3),465-469.
  199. Seamon, J. G.,Williams, P. C.,Crowley, M. J.,Kim, I. J.,Langer, S. A.,Orne, P. J.,Wishengrad, D. L.(1995).The mere exposure effect is based on implicit memory: Effects of stimulus type, encoding conditions, and number of exposures on recognition and affects judgments.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,21(1),711-721.
  200. Slater, A.,Van der Schulenburg, C.,Brown, E.,Badenoch, M.,Butterworth, G.,Parson, S.,Samuels, C.(1998).Newborn infants prefer attractive faces.Infant Behavior and Development,21(2),345-354.
  201. Smith, L. F.,Smith, J. K.,P. Locher (Eds.),M. Colin (Eds.),D. Leonid (Eds.)(2006).New Directions in Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts.Amityville, New York:Baywood.
  202. Solso, R. L.(1997).Cognition and the visual arts.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
  203. Squire, L. R.(1992).Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans.Psychological Review,99(2),195-231.
  204. Squire, L. R.,Kandal, E. R.(2003).Memory: From mind to molecules.New York:Scientific American Library.
  205. Stevenson, H. N.(1972).Children's learning.New York:Appleton-Century Crofts.
  206. Szpunar, K. K.,Schellenberg, E. G.,Pliner, P.(2004).Liking and memory for musical stimuli as a function of exposure.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,30(2),370-381.
  207. Tatarkiewicz, W.(1970).History of aesthetics.The Hague:Mouton.
  208. Tatepsian, L.(2006).Knowledge Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University.
  209. Thornhill, R.,C. B. Crawford (Eds.),D. L. Krebs (Eds.)(1998).Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology: Idea, Issues, and Applications.Mahwah, NJ:Erlbaum.
  210. Tooby, J.,Cosmides, L.(2001).Does beauty build adapted minds? Toward an evolution theory of aesthetics, fiction, and the arts.SubStance,30(1&2),6-27.
  211. Tulving, E.,Markowitsch, H. J.,Craik, F. E.,Habib, R.,Houle, S.(1996).Novelty and familiarity activations in PET studies of memory encoding and retrieval.Cerebral Cortex,6(1),71-79.
  212. Tuman, D.(1999).Sing a song of sixpence: An examination of sex differences in the subject preference of children's drawings.Visual Arts Research,25,51-62.
  213. Turati, C.(2004).Why faces are not special to newborns: An alternative account for the face preference.Current Directions in Psychological Science,13(1),5-8.
  214. Uehara, I.(2000).Transition from novelty to familiarity preference depending on recognition performance by 4-yr.-olds.Psychological Reports,87(3),837-848.
  215. Vaid, J.,Singh, M.(1989).Asymmetries in the perception of facial affect: Is there an influence of reading habits?.Neuropsychologia,27(10),1277-1287.
  216. Valentine, C. W.(1968).The experimental psychology of beauty.London:Methuen.
  217. Van Houten, W. H.,Chemtob, C. M.,Hersh, S. I.(1981).Hemispheric lateralization and aesthetic judgement.Cortex,17,477-490.
  218. Van Meel-Jansen, A.(2006).The magic number five in art appreciation.Empirical Studies of the Arts,24(1),107-118.
  219. Veryzer, R. W. J.(1993).Aesthetic response and the influence of design principles on product preferences.Advances in Consumer Research,20(1),224-228.
  220. Vygotsky, L. S.(1978).Mind in Society.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
  221. Walton, G. E.,Bower, T. G. R.(1993).Newborn from "prototype" in less than 1 minute.Psychology Science,4(3),203-205.
  222. Whitfield, T. W. A.(1983).Predicting preference for familiar, everyday objects: An experimental confrontation between two theories of aesthetic behavior.Journal of Environmental Psychology,3(3),221-237.
  223. Whitfield, T. W. A.,Slatter, P. E.(1979).The effects of categorization and prototypicality on aesthetics choice in a furniture selection task.British Journal of Psychology,70(1),65-75.
  224. Whittlesea, B. W. A.,Jacoby, L. L.,Girard, K.(1990).Illusions of immediate memory: Evidence of an attributional basis for feelings of familiarity and perceptual quality.Journal of Memory and Language,29,716-732.
  225. Wilson, A.,Chatterjee, A.(2005).The assessment of preference for balance: Introducing a new test.Empirical Studies of the Arts,23(2),165-180.
  226. Winner, E.(1982).Invented worlds: The psychology of the arts.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
  227. Winston, A. S.(1995).Simple pleasures: The psychological aesthetics of high and popular art.Empirical Studies of the Arts,13(2),193-203.
  228. Winston, A. S.,Cupchik, G. C.(1992).The evaluation of high art and popular art by naive and experienced viewers.Visual Arts Research,18,1-14.
  229. Woods, W. A.(1956).Some determinants of attitudes toward colors in combination.Perceptual and Motor Skills,6,187-193.
  230. Woods, W. A.(1991).Parameters of aesthetic objects: Applied aesthetics.Empirical Studies of the Arts,9(2),105-114.
  231. Woods, W. A.,R. W. Belk (Ed.)(1987).Advances in Nonprofit Marketing.London:Jai Press.
  232. Zahavi, A.,Zahavi, A.(1997).The handicap principle: A missing piece of Darwin's puzzle.New York:Oxford University Press.
  233. Zajonc, R. B.(1968).Attitudinal effects of mere exposure.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,9(2),1-27.
  234. Zajonc, R. B.,Shaver, P.,Tavris, C.,Van Kreveld, D.(1972).Exposure, satiation, and stimulus discrimination ability.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,21(3),270-280.
  235. Zuckerman, M.(1979).Sensation seeking: Beyond the optimal level of arousal.Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.
  236. Zuckerman, M.,Ulrich, R. S.,McLaughlin, J.(1993).Sensation seeking and reactions to nature paintings.Personality and Individual Differences,15(5),563-576.
  237. 瓦倫汀、潘智彪譯(1968)。實驗審美心理學:繪畫篇。台北:商鼎。
被引用次数
  1. 陳文亮、江雅媚(2014)。從生活型態觀點探討消費者對空調機美感認知之研究。設計學研究,17(1),91-112。
  2. 高立學,朱秀丹(2021)。花店互動體驗行銷—服務主導邏輯與價值共創之應用。管理實務與理論研究,15(2),97-112。
  3. 侯純純、林品章(2011)。華文編排設計之閱讀舒適性評量模式。設計學研究,14(1),97-113。
  4. 許子凡,王瑞良(2019)。台灣包裝學術研究之文獻計量分析。設計學研究,22(2),121-142。
  5. 許子凡,周雅(2019)。永續設計研究的議題類別與階段時期之關聯分析。商業設計學報,23,1-12。
  6. 黃文宗,侯純純,林品章(2019)。不同中文字體變化對內文閱讀舒適性之影響。商業設計學報,23,47-66。
  7. 黃文宗、陳俊宏、侯純純、林品章(2016)。圖片配置與內文編排之閱讀舒適性實驗研究。商業設計學報,20,140-151。
  8. 林演慶(2022)。臺日國小一年級國語教科書美感風格設計之內容分析比較。藝術教育研究,44,81-126。
  9. 劉懿瑾、劉時泳、莊修田(2009)。大學生對建築空間之美感評量。設計學研究,12(1),153-173。
  10. 張長蓉,伊彬(2022)。臺灣2004年到2019年民間出版兒童圖畫書之插畫風格特徵。藝術教育研究,44,1-46。
  11. 鄭德輝,楊正翔,高洋,林榮泰(2021)。雕塑藝術品審美愉悅感之先期研究。藝術學報,109,49-73。