一般閱聽者對舞蹈藝術美學體驗之認知研究

A Study on Audience Perception of Aesthetic Experience in Dance Performance

房文婷(Wen-Ting Fang)；高婭娟(Ya-Juan Gao)；曾照薰(Chao-Hsun Tseng)；林伯賢(Po-Hsien Lin)

美學體驗 ； 認知 ； 舞蹈藝術 ； 評估矩陣 ； Aesthetics ； Audience Perception ； Dance Art ； Evaluation Matrix

設計學報

23卷3期（2018 / 09 / 01）

23 - 46

繁體中文

藝術家對萬物的描繪，透過繪畫、音樂、舞蹈、戲劇等形式的藝術，在創造過程中形成了美的體驗。舞蹈利用肢體語言，由編創主體精心構思將動作、姿態、技巧、節奏等組合成藝術符碼，以視覺感官為主，聽覺與想像為輔，嘗試滿足閱聽者的美感體驗。本文首先從舞蹈藝術的美學體驗、藝術創作傳播模式、美學體驗認知模式三個層面進行相關的文獻探討，以瞭解藝術家在創作過程中如何編碼與閱聽者在認知過程中如何解碼。本研究以《盛世華章》九幕舞蹈為研究標的，採用問卷調查，運用多元迴歸、t檢定等量化方式，研究一般閱聽者如何達到賞心悅目的審美體驗。主要目的在於討論舞蹈藝術作品美學體驗的評估矩陣包含各關鍵要素，探討一般閱聽者如何理解作品並領略其美感經驗。研究結果顯示一般閱聽者對舞蹈藝術美學體驗之認知關鍵，也正是藝術家透過技術、語意、效果三個層面所創作的藝術作品；一般閱聽者對於美學體驗的過程，係經由形象、意象與意念之認知因而觸動美感的體驗。

An artist’s description of things becomes an aesthetic experience through the artistic means of painting, music, dancing and drama. Dancing uses body languages with which the choreographist combines movements, gestures, techniques and rhythms into the artistic code. It is primarily appreciated visually and can also be enjoyed auditorily and imaginatively to satisfy the audience's aesthetic experience. This paper first discusses relevant literature from the prospective of aesthetic experience of dancing art, communication model of artistic creation and cognitive pattern of aesthetic experience to understand how the artists encode during the artistic creation and how the audience decode during the cognitive process. The research subject of this paper is the nine dances in the In Praise of Golden Age. Questionnaires, multiple regression, t-test and other quantitative methods are employed to study how the general audience obtain pleasant aesthetic experience. The main purpose is to discuss the key elements in the evaluation matrix of aesthetic experience in dancing art, and study how the general audience understand the works and appreciate the aesthetic experience. The research shows that the appreciative key to the general audience's aesthetic experience in dancing art is the artistic works created by the artists through technical level, semantic level and effective level. The general audience's process of aesthetic experience is the experience created by the sense of beauty resulted from the cognition of the image, the impression and the idea.

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