技術累積與技術成熟度：組織運用新興資訊技術的時間效應

The Temporal Effects of Technology Accumulation and Technological Maturity on the Adoption and Implementation of Emerging Information Technology

10.6382/JIM.200007.0001

李昌雄(Tsang-Hsiung Lee)；陳禹辰(Yu-Chen Chen)

物件導向技術 ； 技術變遷 ； 技術關連性 ； 技術累積 ； 組織學習 ； innovation adoption ； object-oriented technology ； technological inter-relatedness ； technology accumulation ； technological maturity

資訊管理學報

7卷1期（2000 / 07 / 01）

1 - 18

繁體中文

雖然物件導向技術極有可能成為軟體開發程序的產業標準，可是大部分企業在採用物件導向技術的態度上仍然保守，部分已採用者仍屬小規模的試驗。為理解上述現象，本研究從檢視新興資訊科技的浮現特質入手，引用並擴充技術關連性這個新概念，也就是組織整合在不同時點所採用的技術以產生綜效的可能性。植基於技術關連性的一項合理推論是：組織欲採用新技術時，若技術變遷已趨緩（技術成熟度較高），或與組織過去投資的技術相容（技術累積較高），則整合後的可能綜效將促使組織採用該技術並普及實施；反之，若該技術尚未成熟，或是與組織在過去所累積的技術不相容時，組織可能因採用該技術的綜效有限，而缺乏積極採用與實施的意願。實証的結果顯示，技術累積與技術成熟度對創新實施程度有顯著的影響。

Object-Oriented Technology has been espoused as potential industrial platform to improve software development process. However, it has not been adopted as widely and as rapidly as many having predicted. To explain this paradoxical phenomenon, we propose a newer concept of technological inter-relatedness. During a long process of rapid technical progress, many related innovations were introduced in industry or adopted by firms at different times. These interrelated innovations adopted in the past by firms may either complement each other in achieving synergistic effects (a technology accumulation case), or constrain the current adoption of new technology for lacking such synergistic effects (a technology burden case). We believe that, in the presence of a set of emerging innovations, an innovation is more likely to be adopted by firms if it complements the technology base of the interested firms, or belongs to a set of interrelated innovations that are more matured. The results of an empirical study moderately support our hypotheses.

1. Agarwal, R.,Prasad, J.(1997).Targeting COBOL Programmers for C training: The Role of Job Insecurity and Organizational Tenure.Journal of Systems and Software,37
2. Agarwal, R.,Sinha, Atish P.,Tanniru, Mohan(1996).The Role of Prior Experience and Task Characteristics in Object-oriented Modeling: An Empirical Study.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,45
3. Anonymous(1996).Are You Ready for the Object Evolution?.Software Magazine,16(May)
4. Anonymous(1996).Realizing the Dream.Software Magazine,16(May)
5. Attewell, P.(1992).Technology Diffusion and Organizational Learning: The Case of Business Computing.Organization Science,3(1)
6. Barnett, William P.(1990).The Organizational Ecology of a Technological System.Administrative Science Quarterly,35
7. Bates, Kimberly A.,Flynn, E. J.(1995).Innovation History and Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based View Analysis of Manufacturing Technology Innovations.Academy of Management Journal
8. Bayer, J.,Melone, N.(1990).A Critique of Diffusion Theory as a Managerial Framework for Understanding the Adoption of Software Engineering Innovations.Journal of Systems and Software,9
9. Berg, W.,Cline, M.,Girou, M.(1995).Lessons Learned from the OS/ 400 OO Project.Communications of the ACM,38(10)
10. Betz, F.(1993).Strategic Technology Management.Singapore:McGraw-Hill Book Co..
11. Chen, Y. C.,李昌雄 Lee, Tsang-Hsiung(1998).Proceedings of the Second Asia Pacific Decision Science Institute Conference.
12. Cohen, W. M.,Levinthal, D. A.(1990).Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation.Administrative Science Quarterly,35(1)
13. Damanpour, F.(1991).Organizational Innovation: A Meta-Analysis of Effects of Determinants and Moderators.Academy of Management Journal,34(3)
14. Dewar, R. D.,Dutton, J. E.(1986).The Adoption of Radical and Incremental Innovations: An Empirical Analysis.Management Science,32(11)
15. Dhebar, A.(1996).Speeding High-tech Producer, Meet the Balking Consumers.Sloan Management Review,37(2)
16. Fayad, M. E.,Tsai, W. T.,Fulghum, M. L.(1996).Transition to Object-oriented Software Development.Communications of the ACM,39(2)
17. Fichman, Robert G.,Kemerer, Chris F.(1993).Adoption of Software Engineering Process Innovations: The Case of Object Orientation.Sloan Management Review,34(2)
18. Fichman, Robert G.,Kemerer, Chris F.(1997).The Assimilation of Software Process Innovations: An Organizational Learning Perspective.Management Science,43(1)
19. Henderson, Rebecca M.,Clark, Kim B.(1990).Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of the Established Firms.Administrative Science Quarterly,35
20. Herbig, Paul A.,Kramer, H.(1994).The Effect of Information Overload on the Innovation Choice Process: Innovation Overload.Journal of Consumer Marketing,11(2)
21. Jacobson, I.(1993).Is Object Technology Software's Industrial Platform?.IEEE Software,10(1)
22. Kapur, S.(1995).Technological Diffusion with Social Learning.The Journal of Industrial Economics,43(2)
23. Kozaczynski, W.,Kuntzmann-Combelles, A.(1993).What it takes to Make OO Work.IEEE Software,10(1)
24. Lee, T. H.(1994).Adopting Interrelated Innovations: Understanding the Deployment of Emerging CASE Technology in Information Systems Organizations.University of Pittsburgh.
25. Liu, C.,Goetze, S.,Glym, B.(1992).Proceedings of OOPSLA.Vancouver, Canada:
26. Miller, D.,Friesen, Peter H.(1982).Innovation in Conservative and Entrepreneurial Firms: Two Models of Strategic Momentum.Strategic Management Journal,3(1)
27. Pancake, Cherri M.(1995).The Promise and the Cost of Object-oriented Technology: A Five Year Forecast.Communications of the ACM,38(10)
28. Pei, D.,Cutone, Carmine(1995).Object-oriented Analysis and Design: Realism or Impressionism?.Information Systems Management,Winter
29. Rogers, E. M.(1983).Diffusion of Innovations.New York, NY:The Free Press.
30. Silverberg, G.(1991).Adoption and Diffusion of Technology as a Collective Evolutionary Process.Technology Forecasting and Social Change,39
31. Tushman, M. L.,Anderson, P.(1986).Technological Discontinuities and Organizational Environments.Administrative Science Quarterly,31(3)
32. Tushman, Michael L.,Rosenkopf, L.(1992).Organizational Determinants of Technological Change: Toward a Sociology of Technological Evolution.Research in Organizational Behavior,14
33. Utterback, James M.(1994).Mastering the Dynamics of Innovation: How Companies Can Seize Opportunities in the Face of Technological Change.Boston, Massachusetts:Harvard Business School Press.
34. Warner, Timothy N.(1987).Information Technology as a Competitive Burden.Sloan Management Review,Fall
35. Wolfe, Richard A.(1994).Organizational Innovation: Review, Critique, and Suggested Research Directions.Journal of Management Studies,31(3)
36. 侯永昌 Hou, Young-Chang、范懿文 FAN, YI-WEN(1995)。國內個體導向技術應用因素及推動策略之研究。台北:財團法人資訊工業策進會。
37. 侯永昌 Hou, Young-Chang、范懿文 FAN, YI-WEN(1996)。資訊服務業個體導向技術應用因素及推動策略之研究。台北:財團法人資訊工業策進會。

1. 許凱筑、張碩毅、張益誠、洪新原(2010)。從創新擴散觀點探討影響企業採用協同商務技術之因素。臺大管理論叢，20(S1)，29-68。
2. 劉蔚廷、陳禹辰、尚榮安(2010)。以TAM與TTF探討組織員工的e化科技接受意圖—組織疏離員工的組織學習效應。資訊管理學報，17(4)，139-169。
3. 嚴紀中、黃興進、江志卿(2005)。中小企業採用網路科技之比較：創新擴散通用模式的整合觀點。資訊管理學報，12(2)，103-139。
4. (2000)。技術關連與技術累積對企業採用網際網路的影響。管理學報，17(1)，25-42。
5. (2001)。網際網路的採用與實施：組織學習觀點的分析。管理學報，18(2)，213-230。
6. (2004)。IT知識累積是採用電子銀行的促成因子嗎？解決既有矛盾的一個新觀點。東吳經濟商學學報，46，59-86。