專利轉讓最適廠商與評估指標關聯性之研究：以Kodak數位影像為例

The Relevance between the Most Suitable Company and Evaluation Indicators through Patent Release: Evidence from the Digital Image of Kodak

陳樹榮(Shu-Jung Chen)；張秉鈞(Ping-Chun Chang)；賴奎魁(Kuei-Kuei Lai)；劉佩雯(Pei-Wen Liu)

專利釋出 ； 行動通信裝置 ； 數位圖像技術 ； 專利共引用分析 ； 技術重覆分析 ； patent transfer ； smartphone ； digital imaging ； patent co-citation analysis ； technological redundancy analysis

資訊管理學報

21卷4期（2014 / 10 / 01）

417 - 445

繁體中文

如何從專利資料庫挖掘有價值的專利資訊，以作為公司技術規劃或解決經營實務問題是重要的研究議題。本文以Kodak公司為研究對象，並選擇其「數位圖像技術」重要專利的組合為技術功能範圍。資料集的蒐集，本研究以「自我技術網絡」建構概念形成；而資料的分析，同時採用專利共引用（PCA）與技術重覆（TRA）兩種分析方法。結果顯示：（1）目前應用Kodak數位影像技術的產業中，行動通信裝置是專利釋出最具發展潛力的產業；（2）Apple是Kodak專利釋出最適的廠商；（3）在專利轉讓前後，Apple與Kodak兩者的技術知識信賴（TKR）值皆維持高度的一致性；（4）專利轉讓後，Apple公司的技術知識地位（TKS）增加，但不影響Kodak的領先地位；（5）專利轉讓後，從Kodak觀察Apple的增補知識和互補知識（CIK & CEK），兩者皆呈現顯著的增加。

Purpose-This study aimed to explore how a technology leading company could measure through patent indicators in the business restructuring process to identify the best suitable transferee. Design/methodology/approach-Kodak was selected as research target in this study. By using the important patent family portfolio of its ＂digital image＂ technologies, and to develop an analysis dataset based on the concept of establishing ego-centered technological network. The study adopts both patent co-citation approach (PCA) and technological redundancy approach (TRA) to data analysis. Findings-The results found that (1) the most potential industry for patent release is digital mobile communication device industry; (2) Apple is the most suitable patent transferee for Kodak; (3) before and after the patent transfer, the technological knowledge reliability of Apple and Kodak remained highly consistent; and (4) after patent transfer, Apple's technological knowledge status has increased but did not affect Kodak's lead position; and (5) from Kodak viewpoint, Apple's supplementary and complementary knowledge has significantly increased. Research limitations/implications-The findings of the study were only based on the patents portfolio of tested technologies. If widening the technical scope, it might produce different results. Practical implications-There are five factors worth considering when select the best suitable company. (1) patent transferee shall have potential in the technology development of its industry; (2) patent transferee shall have integration ability of required technologies in its industry; (3) the requirement of product functions for patent transferee and the technology of patent transferor should contain structural similarities; (4) the product's attributes of patent transferee and transferor need to have obvious differentiation in the separate industries; (5) the patent transferor should contain the supplementary and complementary for transferee to acquire. Originality/value 1. This study suggests that it is not only a new concept of technology network analysis, but also a systematic method of analysis. At the same time, it is also very suitable for the management of SME's enterprises to make technological decision, assess the merging and acquiring targets, and seek the important technology information. 2. This study proposed a clear definition to measure both indicators of the common internal knowledge (CIK) and common external knowledge (CEK) of the companies, which has filled the research gap of previous studies.

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1. 謝文昌、陳樹榮(2017)。從技術知識進步鏈辨識技術機會之研究：以telematics 為例。資訊管理學報，24(4)，369-408。