题名

以彙總分析法探討影響知識分享之關鍵因素

并列篇名

A Meta-Analysis of Critical Factors for Knowledge Sharing

作者

洪新原(Shin-Yuan Hung)；黃于紋(Yu-Wen Huang)；賴慧敏(Hui-Min Lai)

关键词

知識分享 ； 知識貢獻 ； 知識管理 ； 彙總分析 ； knowledge sharing ； knowledge contribution ； knowledge management ； meta-analysis

期刊名称

資訊管理學報

卷期/出版年月

22卷4期（2015 / 10 / 01）

页次

403 - 443

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

過去研究在探討「為何人們願意分享知識到知識管理系統」的研究問題上，出現許多不一致的結果，莫衷一是，因此對於影響人們為何分享知識的相關研究結果加以彙總分析（Meta-Analysis）是必要的。本研究以彙總分析法，以科技部最新公佈的前30名期刊、知名的5個國際研討會（AMCIS, ECIS, PACIS, ICIS, HICSS）及2本廣泛討論知識分享的期刊，選出在2002-2012年間已發表影響個人知識分享主題的實證研究，以研究場景為虛擬社群或組織知識庫做為區分，共83篇研究進行分析，研究發現：（1）對於虛擬社群成員而言，影響「知識分享頻率」的關鍵因素為知識自我效能、結構社會資本、認同、關係社會資本、社會互動連結、利他主義、聲譽和承諾；影響「知識分享品質」的關鍵因素為信任、共同的語言、認同、社會互動連結和利他主義；影響「知識分享態度」的關鍵因素為利他主義、互惠和信任；影響「知識分享意圖」的關鍵因素為聲譽、知識分享態度、知識自我效能和知識分享主觀規範。（2）對於組織員工而言，影響「知識分享頻率」的關鍵因素為承諾和信任；影響「知識分享態度」的關鍵因素為互惠、資訊科技促進分享的信念和外在報酬，且外在報酬為負向的影響；影響「知識分享意圖」的關鍵因素為知識分享主觀規範和知識分享態度。研究成果可供組織管理者或社群管理者之參考指標，以及後續實證研究的參考。
英文摘要

Purpose-Inconsistent results exist in previous regarding why people share their knowledge. Thus, a meta-analysis is required to analyze relevant studies. Design/methodology/approach-This study analyzed 83 empirical studies selected from the top 30 journals in information management, five well-known international conferences (namely, AMCIS, ECIS, PACIS, ICIS, HICSS), and two journals in which knowledge sharing has been discussed extensively, during 2002-2012. Findings-The results indicate the following: (1)For virtual community members, eight factors affect the frequency of knowledge sharing knowledge self-efficacy, structural social capital, identification, relational social capital, social interaction, altruism, reputation, and commitment. Five factors affect quality of knowledge sharing: trust, shared language, identification, social interaction, and altruism. Three factors affect knowledge-sharing attitude: altruism, reciprocity, and trust. Four factors affect knowledge-sharing intention: reputation, knowledge-sharing attitude, knowledge self-efficacy, and the subjective norm of knowledge sharing. (2)For employees, two key factors affect the frequency of knowledge sharing: commitment and trust. Three factors affect knowledge-sharing attitude: reciprocity, information technology, and extrinsic rewards. Two factors affect knowledge-sharing intention: subjective norm of knowledge sharing and knowledge-sharing attitude. Research limitations/implications-In terms of academic contribution, independent variables resulted in conflicts and contradictions in knowledge-sharing behaviors over the past decade. After relevant articles were collected and read, the findings of individual research were analyzed to eliminate all sources of error and find a true relationship between different variables. The results of this study not only provide study maps of key factors that influence knowledge-sharing behaviors but also aid researchers in understanding the current findings in knowledge sharing. Practical implications-This study has several implications for practitioners: (1) Reputation enhances the knowledge-sharing intentions of community members; therefore, if the community provides an appropriate reputation mechanism (such as the ranking list of knowledge sharing, etc.), it will effectively promote members' knowledge-sharing intention. (2) Extrinsic rewards have a negative impact on the knowledge-sharing attitude; thus, the community must pay attention to the negative effects of unfairness or insufficient incentives while designing incentive measures. Originality/value-During the past decade, previous studies found inconsistent results. Thus, a meta-analysis was used to find the key factors that affect knowledge-sharing behavior and to provide researchers with a studying map better deeper understanding of the current findings in knowledge sharing.
主题分类 基礎與應用科學 > 資訊科學
社會科學 > 管理學
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被引用次数
  1. 謝乙丞、賴佳吟、梁定澎(2016)。社群網站使用者動機和資訊特性對於使用者資訊推薦意圖影響之研究。商略學報，8(3)，135-158。
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