白色巨塔精神科男丁格爾的陽剛特質實踐

Male Nurses' Masculinity Practice in the Department of Psychiatry in a Hospital

10.6784/FJS.201104.0039

黃穎熙(Ying-Si Huang)；楊幸真(Hsing-Chen Yang)

男護士 ； 陽剛特質 ； 民族誌 ； male nurses ； masculinities ； ethnography

台灣性學學刊

17卷1期（2011 / 04 / 01）

39 - 56

繁體中文

本研究關注男性護理人員進入「女人的」工作場域之性別處境，因此運用民族誌企圖瞭解四位精神科急性病房男性護理工作者的陽剛特質實踐經驗。本研究發現這四位男性護理人員陽剛特質展現具有多元性：能屈能伸的「有用」大丈夫、剛柔並用的拓邊照顧、以強悍克服衝突與用「力」突顯男人味，及以掌控展現「power」的男人樣。特別是，強悍有力的陽剛特質具有集體性與規範性，強使個人克服心中恐懼，認同「要強、夠力」的男性特質。從這四位男性護理人員的陽剛特質實踐經驗中可以發現，男性進入傳統女性工作領域也會面臨性別歧視與偏見，及遭遇到不平等的處境與困擾。期許透過本研究，能使更多人擺脫性別意識型態的束縛，肯認男性護理人員的專業勞動，進而營造一個性別友善的工作文化與環境，真正達到性別平等的理想。

The purpose of this study attempted to understand the experience of the masculinity practice of the four male nurses in the psychiatric acute wards in a hospital, regarding their gender in the ”feminine” work place. Ethnography was employed as the research method.The findings of this study indicate that the masculinities of the four male nurses exhibited diversity: a flexible and ”handy/useful” macho man; androgynous expanded care work; overwhelming toughness on conflicts and exhibition of physical strength for masculinity; and controlling ”power” over female colleagues exhibited manliness. In particular, tough and powerful masculinities include collectiveness and normativity, impacting each individual's need to identify the male traits of ”being strong and having strength” in order to overcome his sense of fear of being different within the feminine work place.We conclude that males entering the traditional female workplace may face sex discrimination and biases and encounter some unequal treatments and difficulties according to the masculinity practice experiences of these four male nurses. We expect a decline in the dominant ideology of sex-dualism and recognize the male nurses' professional labor in order to establish a gender friendly culture and environment of hospital organizations leading to greater gender equality.

1. Chou, M. H.,Lee, L. C.(2007).Initial formation of nursing philosophies following fundamental clinical practice: The experience of male nursing students.Journal of Nursing Research,15(2),127-137.
   連結：
2. 邱大昕(2007)。男性視覺障礙者勞動邊緣化的陽剛困境。女學學誌，23，71-91。
   連結：
3. Abrahamsen, B.(2004).Career developmentand male nurse.Nordic Journal of Women's Studies,12(1),31-39.
4. Connell, R. W.(1987).Gender and power.Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press.
5. Connell, R. W.(2001).Understanding men: Gender sociology and the new international research on masculinities.Social Thought & Research,24(1/2),13-31.
6. Connell, R. W.(1996).Teaching the boys: New research on masculinity, and genderstrategies for schools.Teachers College Record,98(2),206-238.
7. Ekstrom, D. N.(1996).Gender and perceived nurse caring in nurse-patient days.Journal of Advanced Nursing,29(6),1393-1401.
8. Evans, J.(2002).Men nurse: A historical and feminist perspective.Journal of Advanced Nursing,47(3),321-328.
9. Greenhalgh, J.,Venhanen, L.,Kyngms, H.(1998).Nurse caring behaviors.Journal of Advanced Nursing,27(5),927-932.
10. Holland, J.,Ramazanoglu, C.,Sharpe, S.,Thomson, R.(2004).The male in the head: Young people, heterosexuality and power.London:the Tufnell Press.
11. Inoue, M.,Chapman, R.,Wynade, D.(2006).Male nurses experiences of providing intimate care for women clients.Journal of Advanced Nursing,55(5),559-567.
12. Johnson, A. G.(2005).The gender knot: Unraveling our patriarchal legacy.Philadelphia, PA:Temple University Press.
13. Keogh, B.,Gleeson, M.(2006).Caring for female patients: The experiences of male nurses.British Journal of Nursing,15(21),1172-1175.
14. Kimmel, M. S.(1993).Invisible masculinity.Society,30(6),28-36.
15. Milligan, F.(2001).The concept of care in male nurse work: An ontological hermeneutic study in acute hospitals.Journal of Advanced Nursing,35(1),7-16.
16. Okrainec, G. D.(1994).Perceptions of nursing education held by male nursing students.Western Journal of Nursing Research,16(1),94-107.
17. Russell, R.(2001).In sickness and in health: A qualitative study of elderly men who care for wives with dementia.Journal of Aging Studies,15,351-67.
18. William, R. A.(1993).Characteristics of male baccalaureate students who selected nursing as a career.Nursing Research,22(6),520-525.
19. 成令方譯、王秀雲譯、游美惠譯、邱大昕譯、吳嘉苓譯、Johnson, A.(2008)。性別打結：拆除父權違建。台北:群學。
20. 何明修(2006)。台灣工會運動中的男子氣概。台灣社會學刊，36，65-108。
21. 李麗君、陳彰惠、楊玉娥(2010)。性別差異對男性護理人員關懷照護之影響。護理雜誌，57(1)，77-81。
22. 林綺雲(1999)。社會學與醫護現象。台北:洪葉。
23. 徐宗國(2001)。拓邊照顧工作：男護士在女人工作世界中得其所在。台灣社會學刊，26，163-210。
24. 徐宗國(2004)。拓邊照顧工作的回顧與前瞻。慈濟護理雜誌，3(3)，14-22。
25. 陳向明(2001)。社會科學質的研究。台北:五南。
26. 陳施妮、陳光琦、孫嘉玲(2007)。台灣地區兩性護理人員護理能力特性分析。護理領航，8(2)，1-13。
27. 曾雅玲(2000)。男護士：探討隱藏在性別與職業角色下的問題。護理雜誌，47(1)，69-73。
28. 曾雅玲、陳靜如(2008)。男護士臨床護理工作之生活經驗。實證護理，4(1)，61-70。
29. 游美惠編、楊幸真編、楊巧玲編(2010)。性別教育。台北:華都文化。
30. 黃淑玲(2008)。男子性與男子氣概。性別向度與台灣社會，台北:
31. 楊幸真(2010)。校園生活與性別：性別學習與教學實踐。台北:巨流。
32. 楊政議(2000)。男護士的緣起、發展與相關研究。護理雜誌，47(4)，47-51。
33. 潘淑滿(2003)。質性研究理論與應用。台北:心理。

1. 邱琡雯(2017)。聖俗共構、剛柔相濟：佛教道場男性氣概初探。思與言：人文與社會科學雜誌，55(4)，1-46。