「自由舞動的身體」：臺灣當代舞者的人類學研究

＂The Freely Moving Body＂: An Anthropological Study on Contemporary Dancers in Taiwan

10.6622/RAE.202105_(41).0002

趙綺芳(Chi-Fang Chao)

當代舞蹈 ； 人類學 ； 動作 ； 感知 ； 臺灣 ； contemporary dance ； anthropology ； movement ； perception ； Taiwan

藝術教育研究

41期（2021 / 05 / 01）

41 - 72

繁體中文

本文試圖針對身體與動作、感知與經驗、技藝與實踐三個面向，以人類學觀點和方法論探討臺灣當代舞者的生命身體與文化。當代人類學的舞蹈研究重心從一個偏重意義的文本取向轉向更為強調經驗的感知取向，凸顯21世紀的後期資本主義與感官經濟趨勢下，身體成為創造意義與價值的感知過程。本文中我以當代臺灣舞者為主要對象，透過反身性視角進行民族誌研究，探討全球化與文化國族主義作用下專業舞者的養成過程：一種兼容東西方不同動作感知與技藝系統的專業訓練及其所形塑的舞蹈實踐身體。其舞蹈實踐身體不僅反映出當代社會中個人的自我體現，也透露「自由舞動身體」經驗與表徵底下隱含的多重意涵，如何相互較勁或協調於舞者的身心歷程。最終本文期望能以這項研究的初步成果，回饋於當代專業舞者養成教育工作者，藉此反思當代專業舞者訓練的核心意義與價值。

This paper intends to discuss the anthropological perspectives, methodology, and relevant research and writing as applied to the current study on Taiwanese dancers, their lived bodies and cultures, addressing three main dimensions: body and movement, sense and experience, and skill and practice. Current anthropological approaches on dance have shifted from the textual approach focusing on meaning of dance, to that on perception of dancers, inviting more research on perception of the moving body with its profundity. This also matches the broader trend of highly sensual and speedy diffusion of cultural representation in the contemporary world since the beginning of the 21st century. In the paper, through the approach of reflexive ethnography incepted from interaction with professionally-trained dancers in a dance institute, I discuss dancers' practice and perception as inscribed by the cultural system-the professional training mixing the Eastern and Western cultures of bodily perception and skills-which has been situated within the complicated and multi-originated forces of globalization and cultural nationalism. Along with the analysis of the socio-cultural process and institutionalization of dance training, this paper illustrates the vivid construction of image and value of ＂the freely moving body,＂ which characterizes self-fulfillment of dancers, while imposing an everlasting process of competition and negotiation among different knowledge, techniques, and cultures on their body-mind realization and perception. This primary research hopes to shed more light on the education of professional dancers in Taiwan in order to reflect upon the core meanings and values of pedagogy for dancers in contemporary Taiwanese society.

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