题名

公民為何(不)科學:新竹我們要喝乾淨水行動聯盟的運動軌跡(2017-2020)

并列篇名

Why Are Citizens (Not) Doing Science: The Movement Trajectory of "Taiwan Clean Water Action Union" in Hsinchu, 2017-2020

DOI

10.6464/TJSSTM.202304_(36).0001

作者

陳震遠(Chen-Yuan CHEN)

关键词

公民科學 ; 管制科學 ; 科學主義 ; 環境運動 ; citizen science ; regulatory science ; scientism ; environmental movement

期刊名称

科技醫療與社會

卷期/出版年月

36期(2023 / 04 / 01)

页次

1 - 51

内容语文

繁體中文;英文

中文摘要

2017年起,一群新竹公民在瞭解自來水取水口上游的污染源狀況後,對既有水源管理可能造成的健康風險感到憂慮,進而組成「我們要喝乾淨水行動聯盟」展開一場爭取「喝好水」的社會運動。本文探討了造成此一爭議的制度脈絡,及管制科學與公民科學在爭議中扮演的角色。希望改變水源管理方式的社會運動行動者,在體制內外遭遇多重的結構壓力。這些壓力形塑出對科學論述所需的科學信譽與數據基礎更為敏感的運動主體,也造成社會運動行動者不提出「病因敘事」的策略選擇,以及將議題純化為「公共資源支出」問題的運動傾向。看似以專家與常民風險論述衝突為主軸的頭前溪流域自來水水質爭議,其實隱含著不同行動者試圖解決水源管理所造成的社會衝突時,不同的行動邏輯。藉此案例,本文重新探討了「公民為何科學,又為何不?」此一問題。

英文摘要

In 2017, citizens in Hsinchu city were worried about the potential health risks posed by sources of pollution in the protected Touqian River watershed area that had been allowed under the prevailing municipal watershed management policy. They established the "Taiwan Clean Water Action Union" to fight for safe drinking water. This article is based on research of the institutional context of this citizens' movement and what it tells us about the role of regulatory science and citizen science. In challenging the watershed management policy, the activists faced multiple structural forces that underscored their lack of scientific credibility and problems with the quality of their citizen science data. I analyze the absence of "etiological narratives" in the movement and why the activists tried to reframe the issue as a public expenditure management problem. On the surface, the tensions over drinking water quality in the Touqian River watershed point to differences in the risk claims asserted by laypeople and experts. However, another key dimension is how the movement actors came to define the issue differently once they began to engage more deeply with the social struggle over water quality protection. This study attempts to explain why the citizens were and, at the same time, were not doing science.

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
醫藥衛生 > 醫藥衛生綜合
醫藥衛生 > 醫藥總論
醫藥衛生 > 基礎醫學
醫藥衛生 > 預防保健與衛生學
醫藥衛生 > 社會醫學
社會科學 > 社會科學綜合
参考文献
  1. 杜文苓,李翰林(2011)。環境資訊公開的民主實踐課題-以霄裡溪光電廢水汙染爭議為例。臺灣民主季刊,8(2),59-98。
    連結:
  2. 杜文苓,施佳良(2019)。挑戰空汙:初探社區行動科學的在地實踐。傳播研究與實踐,9(1),1-32。
    連結:
  3. 周桂田,徐健銘(2014)。塑化風險社會:塑化劑風暴背後之管制脈絡與結構分析。臺灣社會研究季刊,95,109-177。
    連結:
  4. 施佳良,杜文苓(2017)。環境管制行政的科學技術框架與決策僵局:六輕工安事件環評過程析論。公共行政學報,52,81-111。
    連結:
  5. 范玫芳,張簡妙琳(2014)。科學知識與水政治:旗山溪治水爭議之個案研究。人文及社會科學集刊,26(1),133-173。
    連結:
  6. 彭保羅,曾育慧(2011)。白老鼠上法院:從兩例工業污染訴訟案談起。科技、醫療與社會,12,159-202。
    連結:
  7. 曾靖越(2021)。公民科學與創客運動:空氣盒子計畫的案例探討。傳播研究與實踐,11(2),221-258。
    連結:
  8. Brown, Phil(1992).Popular Epidemiology and Toxic Waste Contamination: Lay and Professional Way of Knowing.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,33(3),267-281.
  9. Brown, Phil(1997).Popular Epidemiology Revisited.Current Sociology,45,137-156.
  10. Centeno, Miguel Angel(1993).The New Leviathan: The Dynamics and Limits of Technocracy.Theory and Society,22(3),307-335.
  11. Corburn, Jason(2005).Street Science: Community Knowledge and Environmental Health Justice.Cambridge:MIT Press.
  12. DiMaggio, Paul,Powell, Walter(1983).The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields.American Sociological Association,48(2),147-160.
  13. Epstein, Steven(1996).Impure Science: AIDS, Activism and the Politics of Knowledge.Berkeley:University of California Press.
  14. Haklay, Muki(2013).Citizen Science and Volunteered Geographic Information: Overview and Typology of Participation.Crowdsourcing Geographic Knowledge: Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) in Theory and Practice,Dordrecht:
  15. Irwin, Alan(2015).Citizen Science and Scientific Citizenship: Same Words, Different Meanings?.Science Communication Today: Current Strategies and Means of Action,Nancy:
  16. Jasanoff, Sheila(1994).The Fifth Branch: Science Advisers as Policymaker.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
  17. Jobin, Paul(2020).Our ‘Good Neighbor ’ Formosa Plastics: Petrochemical Damage(s) and the Meanings of Money.Environmental Sociology,7(1),40-53.
  18. Kimura, Aya H.(2016).Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists: The Gender Politics of Food Contamination after Fukushima.Durham, NC:Duke University Press.
  19. Kimura, Aya H.,Kinchy, Abby(2016).Citizen Science: Probing the Virtues and Contexts of Participatory Research.Engaging Science, Technology, and Society,2,331-361.
  20. Latour, Bruno(1987).Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
  21. Li, Fabiana(2015).Unearthing Conflict: Corporate Mining, Activism, and Expertise in Peru.Durham, NC:Duke University Press.
  22. Ottinger, Gwen(2017).Reconstructing or Reproducing? Scientific Authority and Models of Change in Two Traditions of Citizen Science.The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Science,London:
  23. Ottinger, Gwen(2016).Social Movement-Based Citizen Science.The Rightful Place of Science: Citizen Science,Tempe, AZ:
  24. Ottinger, Gwen(2009).Buckets of Resistance: Standards and the Effectiveness of Citizen Science.Science, Technology, & Human Values,35(2),244-270.
  25. Pellow, David(2003).Popular Epidemiology and Environmental Movements: Mapping Active Narratives for Empowerment.Humanity & Society,27(4),307-321.
  26. Tu, Wen-Ling(2019).Combating Air Pollution through Data Generation and Reinterpretation: Community Air Monitoring in Taiwan.East Asian Science, Technology and Society: An International Journal,13,235-255.
  27. Tu, Wen-Ling(2004).Berkeley,Department of Environmental Planning, University of California.
  28. Weber, Max,Fischoff, Ephraim(trans.),Gerth, Hans(trans.),Henderson, Alexander Morell(trans.),Kolegar, Ferdinand(trans.),Mills, C. Weight(trans.),Parsons, Talcott(trans.),Rheinstein, Max(trans.),Roth, Guenther(trans.),Shils, Edward(trans.),Wittich, Claus(trans.)(1978).Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology.California:University of California Press.
  29. 地球公民基金會(2012),〈霄裡溪污染〉。https://www.cet-taiwan.org/node/1619(檢索日期:2020 年 6 月 17 日)。
  30. 吳容璟(2020),〈稻米將成熟卻遭無預警停灌桃竹苗農民痛訴:勿再犧牲農業〉。https://www.civilmedia.tw/archives/98447(檢索日期:2022 年 6 月 19 日)。
  31. 李艾倫(2018)。職災毒物集體訴訟的漫漫長路-以 RCA 案為例。台灣人權學刊,4(4),135-144。
  32. 汪少凡(2018),〈我們還需要下一座園區?竹科三期更名重啟紀事 〉。https://www.twreporter.org/a/hsinchu-science-park-third(檢索日期:2021 年 9 月 25 日)。
  33. 林悅(2018),〈台南環團保護曾文溪反對玉峰堰解編引水〉。https://www.ettoday.net/news/20180712/1211115.htm(檢索日期:2021 年9 月 25 日)。
  34. 林健生(2018),〈南投縣長林明溱表態贊成拆集集攔河堰〉。https://news.pts.org.tw/article/395588(檢索日期:2021 年 9 月 25 日)。
  35. 施逸翔(2018)。正義女神如何掂量六輕的排氣?雲林台西居民向台塑民事求償之法庭觀察報告。台灣人權學刊,4(4),145-154。
  36. 張崑振(2014)。臺灣伏流水水道的代表:記日據時期新竹水道的營造。竹塹文獻雜誌,57,8-33。
  37. 許明華,黃妙如(2002)。我國水源保護區劃設現況與因應對策。自來水會刊,21(4),26-52。
  38. 陳文姿(2016),〈湖山水庫水質保護區嘉義三鄉反對雲、投先公告〉。https://e-info.org.tw/node/202073(檢索日期:2021 年 9 月 25日)。
  39. 陳文姿(2015),〈友達、華映 16 年污染畫句點? 環團:回復霄裡溪生態才算數〉。https://e-info.org.tw/node/112490(檢索日期:2021年 9 月 25 日)
  40. 陳俊華(2017),〈公投法三讀打破鳥籠公投大幅下修門檻〉。《中央社》:2017 年 12 月 12 日。
  41. 陳瑞樺(編)(2022).福利之鄉、煙囪之城:麥寮與六輕的矛盾共生.臺北:群學.
  42. 新竹市選舉委員會(2018a),〈臺灣省新竹市議會第 10 屆議員選舉第 1 選舉區選舉公報〉。
  43. 新竹市選舉委員會(2018b),〈臺灣省新竹市議會第 10 屆議員選舉第 4 選舉區選舉公報〉。
  44. 監察院(2019),《108 財正 0019 案調查報告 》。https://www.cy.gov.tw/CyBsBox.aspx?CSN=1&n=133&_Query=-8023fa79-c7a8-438a-aa0a-de3be971ab28(檢索日期:2022 年 10 月26 日)。
  45. 謝新誼(2016)。化學物質的拼裝、風險與治理:台灣洗衣精的百滅寧防蟎爭議。科技、醫療與社會,23,137-202。