不同噴水方向及高濕度處理對草莓二點葉蟎防治效果之評估

Evaluating the Control Efficacy of Water Sprinkling and High Humidity against ＂Tetranychus urticae＂ on Strawberry Plants

10.6661/TESFE.2014015

邱于君(Yu-Chun Chiou)；莊益源(Yi-Yuan Chuang)

二點葉蟎 ； 草莓 ； 噴水處理 ； 高濕度處理 ； ＂Tetranychus urticae＂ ； strawberry ； water sprinkling treatment ； high humidity treatment

台灣昆蟲

34卷3-4期（2015 / 03 / 01）

183 - 197

繁體中文

二點葉蟎（＂Tetranychus urticae＂ Koch）隸屬於蟎形目（Acariformes），葉蟎科（Tetranychidae）之葉蟎屬（＂Tetranychus＂），為全球草莓栽培區的重要有害生物之一。本試驗評估二種不同方向之噴水處理（向上噴水組-由下向上噴水，朝草莓葉背噴水；向下噴水組-由上向下噴水，朝草莓葉面噴水）對溫室中草莓植株上二點葉蟎族群數量之影響，在連續處理至21日調查，平均每一片草莓葉上雌蟎數分別為0.9±0.3及10.4±2.3隻，二處理間無顯著差異，但均與無處理對照組的54.7±5.6隻呈顯著差異，另計向上噴水處理對雌蟎、未成熟期蟎及產卵量的防治率分別為98.4、93.4及85.5%，而向下噴水處理則分別為79.9、64.8及53.4%。另測試以向上噴水方式分別以每30及60 min二種不同噴水頻率及提高相對濕度至80% RH等三種方式對二點葉蟎族群的影響，結果顯示處理至第21日，三種處理及無處理對照組平均每一草莓葉片上的雌蟎數分別為10.4±1.9、11.5±2.5、28.1±3.5及70.9±10.7隻，二種頻率的噴水處理間雌蟎數量無顯著差異，但均與提高濕度處理組及對照組呈顯著差異，另計三種處理組對雌蟎的防治率分別為85.3、84.6及60.4%，由此結果顯示以向上噴水方式的二種噴水頻率處理皆可以有效降低草莓葉片上二點葉蟎的族群密度。

The two-spotted spider mite, ＂Tetranychus urticae＂ (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the major pests of strawberry plants worldwide. This study evaluated the influence of different water sprinkling treatments, including bottom up water sprinkling treatment (BUWST) and top down water sprinkling treatment (TDWST) against ＂T. urticae＂ on the leaves of strawberry plants in greenhouses. The mean numbers of ＂T. urticae＂ were 0.9±0.3 and 10.4±2.3 adult females per leaf for BUWST and TDWST, respectively, 21 days post-treatment. There were no significant differences between two treatments. The control efficacy against females, immature stages, and oviposition of ＂T. urticae＂ was 98.4, 93.4, and 85.5% for BUWST, and 79.9, 64.8, and 53.4% by TDWST, respectively. The results showed that both water sprinkling treatments reduced the population density of two-spotted spider mites on strawberry plants. We evaluated the influence of the two frequencies of BUWST (sprinkling every 30 min, BUWST-30, and every 60 min, BUWST-60) and high humidity treatment (HHT) with 80% RH on ＂T. urticae＂ populations. The results showed that the mean numbers of ＂T. urticae＂ were 10.4±1.9, 11.5±2.5, 28.1±3.5, and 70.9±10.7 adult females per leaf using BUWST-30, BUWST-60, HHT, and the untreated control, respectively, 21 days posttreatment. The control efficacies of BUWST-30, BUWST-60, and HHT against female ＂T. urticae＂ were 85.3, 84.6, and 60.4%, respectively. There were no significant differences between BUWST-30 and BUWST-60. The results showed that both frequencies of BUWST possessed excellent control efficacy to reduce the population density of two-spotted spider mites on strawberry plants.