以社會能供性觀點探討資訊科技認知對合作意願影響之研究

The Cognition of Information Technologies and Its Influences on the Willingness for Collaboration in the Light of Social Affordance

10.29843/JCCIS.200901.0004

劉欣飴(Hsin-Yi Liu)

組織溝通 ； 協同合作 ； 社會能供性 ； 資訊科技能供性 ； 媒介豐富度理論 ； 社會資訊處理理論 ； collaboration ； social affordance ； IT affordance ； network analysis ； organizational communication ； similarity/attraction paradigm

資訊社會研究

16期（2009 / 01 / 01）

89 - 134

繁體中文

資訊科技社會能供性的概念指出科技特性將影響人們選擇與他人聯繫的可能性。組織行為同質性的相關研究指出，認知的契合度是影響雙方能否建立良好互動關係的重要因素。故當資訊科技能供性的認知不同時，互動時能獲得的資源及機會也將有所別。本研究以某公司的整合行銷業務部門為樣本，採個人中心網絡提名的網絡分析法，探討溝通雙方對資訊科技能供性的認知對協同合作意願之影響。結果發現，處理相同或不同的工作任務時，成員對媒介物理特性的認知不盡相同。資訊科技的社會能供性，在不同的溝通任務上確實產生不同的意義，人們會考量自己知覺到的資訊科技能供性來選擇媒介，而影響與他人聯繫的可能性，當資訊科技所能提供的不同服務內容有差異時，社會機會也會不同。

In this dissertation, the author attempts to know how the notion of IT's social affordance influences the possibility of people's options for the connection with others. According to the research regarding the homogeneity of organizational behavior, the degree of cognitive correspondence is a significant factor for building up an interactive relation. Therefore, ever since the perception of the affordability of IT varies, the resources and chances one gets from interaction will be differ too. In this research, the ego-centric name generator network analysis is proposed to be examined. 20 questionnaires were collected from one department of a company. The result is that, different IT affordance cognition is proved. The members have different IT affordance cognition when dealing with the same or different tasks. meaning that as the members have different IT affordance cognition, different social affordance opportunities will be produced.

1. Boase J.,Wellman B.(2004).Forthcoming in the Handbook of Personal Relations.Cambridge University Press.
2. Bourdieu, P.,J. G. Richardson (Ed.)(1985).Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education.New York:Greenwood.
3. Bradner E.(2001).Social Affordances of Computer-mediated Communication Technology: Understanding Adoption.Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
4. Brass, D. J.(1995).A social networks perspective on human resource management.Research in personnel and human resource management,13,39-79.
5. Burt, R. S.(1991).Social Network Analysis: Structual Version 4.2.New York:Columbia Unversity.
6. Burt, R.,Reagans, R.(1997).Homophily, legitimacy, and competitions: Bias in manager peer evaluations.Working paper, Graduate school of business.
7. Daft R.L.,Lengel R.H.(1986).Organizational Information Requirements, Media Richness and Structural Design.Organizational Behavior,32(5),554-571.
8. Eric S.,Kenneth P.D.,David F.(1990).Work Teams.American Psychologist,125
9. Erickson T.E.(1987).Sex differences in student attitudes towards computers.the Annual Meeting of American Education Research Association
10. Festinger, L.(1954).A Theory of Social Comparison Processes.Human Relations,7,117-140.
11. Fulk J.(Eds.),Schmitz J.,Steinfield C.W.(Eds.)(1990).Organizations and communication technology.Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
12. Geenbaum, H.(1982).The Audit of Organizational Communication, Contemporary Perspectives in Organizational Behavior.Boston:Allyn and Bacon.
13. Harkola, J.,Greve, A.(1995).Diffusion of Technology: Cohesion or Structural Equivalence?.Academy of Management Journal: Best Papers Proceedings,8,422-426.
14. Harrison, D. A.,Price, K. H.,Gavin, J. H.,Florey, A. T.(2002).Time, teams, and task performance: Changing effects of surface-and deep-level diversity on group functioning.Academy of Management Journal,45,1029-1045.
15. Haythornthwaite C.,Wellman B.(1998).Work, friendship and media use for information exchange in a networked organization.Journal of the American Society for Information Science,49(12),1101-1114.
16. Hinds, P. J.,Carley, K. M.,Krackhardt, D.,Wholey, D(2000).Choosing work group members: Balancing similarity, competence, and familiarity.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,81(2),226-251.
17. Kiesler, S.,Sproull, L.(1992).Group decision making and communication technology.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,52(1),96-123.
18. Kilduff, M.,Tsai, W.(2003).Social networks and organizations.London:SAGE.
19. Kim H.,Kim G. J.,Park, H. W.,Rice R. E.(2007).Configurations of relationships in different media: FtF, email, instant messenger, mobile phone, and SMS.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,12(4)
20. Kling, R.(2000).Learning about information technologies and social change: The contribution of social informatics.The Information Society,16(3)
21. Kling, R.(1996).Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices.San Francisco:Academic Press.
22. Krackhardt D.,Hanson JR.(1993).Informal Networks: The Company Behind the Chart.Harv Bus Rev,71(4),104-111.
23. Krackhardt, D.(1993).MRQAP: Analytic versus permutatioin solutions.Working paper.
24. Kraut R.E.,Fussell S.R.,Brennan S.E.,Siegel J.(2002)."Understanding Effects of Proximity on Collaboration: Implications for Technologies to Support Remote Collaborative Work", Distributed Work.the MIT Press.
25. Licoppe, C.,Smoreda, Z.(2005).Are social networks technologically embedded? How networks are changing today with changes in communication technology.Social Networks,27(4),317-335.
26. Marsden, P. V.,Wasserman, S. (ed.),Galaskiewicz, J. (ed.)(1994).Advances in Social Network Analysis.Thousand Oaks:Sage.
27. McFletcher, D.(1996).Teaming by Design: Real Teams for Real People.Chicago, IL:Irwin Professional.
28. Nardi, Bonnie A.,O''Day, Vicki L.(2000).Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart.MIT Press.
29. Powell T.,Dent-Micaleff A.(1997).Information Technology as Competitive Advantage: the Role of Human, Business and Technology Resources.Strategic Management Journal,18(5),375-405.
30. Putnam, R. D.(2000).Bowling Alone: The collapse and revival of American community.New York:Simon and Schuster.
31. Putnam, R. D.(1995).Bowling alone: America's declining social capital.Journal of Democracy,6(1),66-78.
32. Quan-Haase, A.,Wellman, B.,Heckscher, C. (Eds.),Adler, P. (Eds.)(2005).Collaborative Community in Business and Society.New York:Oxford University Press.
33. Randall, N.(2001).Stay in touch.PC Magazine,2,101-104.
34. Randel, A. E.,Jaussi, K. S.(2003).Functional background identity, diversity, and individual performance in cross-functional teams.Academy of Management Journal,46(6),763-774.
35. Rice, R. E.(1993).Media appropriateness: Using social presence theory to compare traditional and neworganizational media.Human Communication Research,19,451-484.
36. Richetto, G. M.(1977).Organizational Communication Theory and Research: An Overview, Communication Yearbook Burnswick, N.J..Transaction Books.
37. Riordan(2000).Relational Demography within Groups: Past Developments, Contradictions, and New Directions.Personnel and Human Resources Management,19,131-173.
38. Salancik G. R.,Pfeffer J.(1978).A social information processing approach to job attitudes and task design.Administrative science quarterly,23,224-253.
39. Salas, E.,R. W. Swezey (eds.),E. Salas (eds.)(1992).Teams: Their Training and Performance.Norwood, NJ:Ablex Publishing Corporation.
40. Sellen, A.,Harper, R.(2002).The Myth of the Paperless Office.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
41. Shonk, J.H.(1992).Team-Based Organizations: Developing a Successful Team Environment.Homewood, IL:Business One Irwin.
42. Short, J.,Williams, E.,Christie, B.(1976).The Social psychology of Telecommunications.New York:Wiley.
43. Sproull, L.,Kiesler, S.(1991).Connections: New Ways of Working in the Networked Organization.the MIT Press.
44. Steinfield, C. W.(1986).Computer-mediated communication in an organization setting: Explaining task-related and socioemotional uses.Communication yearbook.
45. Tichy, N. M.,P. C. Nystrom (Eds.),W. H. Starbuck (Eds.)(1981).Handbook of organizational design.New York:Oxford University Press.
46. Trevino L.K.,Lengel R.H.,Daft R.L.(1987).Media symbolism, media richness, and media choice in organization: A symbolic interactionist perspective.Communication Research,14(5),553-574.
47. Wasserman S.,Faust K.(1994).Social network analysis: Methods and applications.New York:Cambridge University Press.
48. Wellman B.,Quan-Haase A.,Boase J.,Chen W.,Hampton K.(2003).The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism.Journal of Computer Mediated Communication,8,3.
49. Wellman, B.(2001).Little Boxes, Glocalization, Networked Individualism.the Digital Cities Conference in Kyoto October 2001 and to a joint meeting of the NTT Communication Sciences Laboratories and the IEEE-Kyoto section
50. Wellman, B.,B. Wellman (Eds.),S. D. Berkowitz (Eds.)(1988).Social structures: A network approach.New York:Cambridge University Press.
51. 方慎德(1992)。國立清華大學工業工程研究所，未出版碩士論文。
52. 余美貞(1999)。東華大學國際企業研究所，未出版碩士論文。
53. 吳毓淳(2002)。國立政治大學社會學研究所未出版碩士論文。
54. 林水祺(1997)。長庚醫學暨工程學院管理學研究所，未出版碩士論文。
55. 林南(2001)。社會資本：爭鳴的範式和實證的檢驗。香港社會學報，2，1-38。
56. 林爲哲(1999)。國立雲林科技大學資訊管理研究所。
57. 柳林緯(1996)。國立交通大學傳播科技研究所，未出版碩士論文。
58. 徐佳士(1987)。大眾傳播理論。台北:中正書局。
59. 陳儀珊(2003)。國立交通大學傳播所。
60. 曾淑芬(2006)。從社會網絡的觀點探討網際網路上的信任與風險。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫報告，NSC95-2412-H-155-003。
61. 黃雯汝(1999)。屏東科技大學資訊管理研究所，未出版碩士論文。
62. 齊立平(1996)。國立交通大學傳播科技研究所，未出版碩士論文。
63. 劉軍(2007)。QAP：測量“關係”之間關係的一種方法。社會。
64. 蔡燕平(2003)。銘傳大學資管所。
65. 羅家德(2000)。關係網絡與影響力－以組織行爲爲例。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫報告，NSC89-2416-H155-011。
66. 羅家德(2005)。社會網分析講義。社會科學文獻出版社。

1. 劉慧雯(2017)。建構「倫理閱聽人」：試論社群媒體使用者的理論意涵。新聞學研究，131，87-125。
2. 劉照金,陳萬光,張俊一(2019)。羽球休閒運動社團互動型態之社會網絡分析。體育學報，52(4)，485-501。