题名

未來時間透視、社交目標及社交對象對行動應用程式之彈出式廣告效果研究—以高齡族群為例

并列篇名

Future Time Perspective, Social Goals, and Social Partners on Effect of Pop-up Advertisements in Mobile Applications: Using the Elderly as an Example

DOI

10.29843/JCCIS.201801_(34).0002

作者

高子涵(Tzu Han Kao);林慧斐(Hui-Fei Lin)

关键词

老年人 ; 未來時間透視 ; 行動廣告 ; 社會情緒選擇理論 ; 廣告效果 ; elderly ; future time perspective ; mobile Advertisements ; socioemotional

期刊名称

資訊社會研究

卷期/出版年月

34期(2018 / 01 / 01)

页次

33 - 62

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

隨著高齡化社會與數位時代的來臨,高齡族群的行動裝置持有率逐年攀升,成為行動廣告行銷的潛在消費者。本研究以社會情緒選擇理論為基礎,檢視高齡族群之未來時間透視、社交目標及社交對象對行動廣告效果的潛在影響。本研究執行 2x2x2組間實驗設計。有效問卷共251份,以北部60 至 75 歲老年人為研究對象。經由MANCOVA檢定結果顯示:(1)未來時間透視×社交目標,對行動廣告具有雙向交互效果;(2)未來時間透視×社交對象,對行動廣告具有雙向交互效果;(3)未來時間透視×社交目標×社交對象,對行動廣告效果具有三向交互效果。本研究納入心理學變項,將先前高齡族群相關廣告研究延伸至檢視心理層面的相關特質,為行動應用程式的廣告研究提出新面向。

英文摘要

In an aging society in the digital era, the ownership rate of mobile devices among the elderly is trending upward every year. Hence, the elderly have become potential consumers targeted by mobile advertisements. This study, based on the socioemotional selectivity theory, examines the effects of the future time perspective, social goals, and social partners of the elderly on the efficacy of mobile advertisements. An experiment with a 2 (future time perspective: expansive vs. limited) x 2 (social goal: knowledge vs. emotionally meaningful goal) x 2 (social partner: new friends vs. family) three-factor between-subject design was conducted. A total of 251 valid questionnaires were collected, with older persons aged 60–75 in Northern Taiwan as the research targets. MANCOVA tests were used to examine the hypotheses. The results showed that: (1) "future time perspective x social goal" had a two-way interaction with the effect of mobile advertisements; (2) "future time perspective x social partner" had a two-way interaction with the effect of mobile advertisements; and (3) "future time perspective x social goal x social partner" had a three-way interaction with the effect of mobile advertisements. This study includes psychological variables to extend previous elderly-related advertising studies to examine related qualities on a psychological level, in turn suggesting a new dimension in advertising research on mobile applications.

主题分类 基礎與應用科學 > 資訊科學
社會科學 > 社會學
社會科學 > 傳播學
参考文献
  1. Ajzen, I.,Fishbein, M.(1980).Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour.Englewood-Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall.
  2. Arnold, S. J.,Bird, J. R.(1982).The day-after recall test of advertising effectiveness: A discussion of the issues.Current Issues and Research in Advertising,5(1),59-68.
  3. Behe, B. K.,Bae, M.,Huddleston, P. T.,Sage, L.(2015).The effect of involvement on visual attention and product choice.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,24,10-21.
  4. Benway, J. P.,Lane, D. M.(1998).Banner blindness: Web searchers often miss "obvious" links.Internetworking : ITG Newsletter,1(3),1-10.
  5. Blanchard-Fields, F.(Ed.),Hess, T.(Ed.)(1999).Social cognition and aging.New York:Academic Press.
  6. Carstensen, L. L.(1992).Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory.Psychology and Aging,7(3),331.
  7. Carstensen, L. L.,Fredrickson, B. L.(1998).Influence of HIV status and age on cognitive representations of others.Health Psychology,17(6),494.
  8. Carstensen, L. L.,Fung, H. H.,Charles, S. T.(2003).Socioemotional selectivity theory and the regulation of emotion in the second half of life.Motivation and Emotion,27(2),103-123.
  9. Carstensen, L. L.,Isaacowitz, D. M.,Charles, S. T.(1999).Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity.American Psychologist,54(3),165.
  10. Carstensen, L. L.,Lang, F.(1997).Carstensen, L. L., & Lang, F. (1997). Measurement of time orientation in diverse population. Unpublished data, Stanford University, Stanford, CA..
  11. Chatterjee, P.(2008).Are unclicked ads wasted? Enduring effects of banner and pop-up ad exposures on brand memory and attitudes.Journal of Electronic Commerce Research,9(1),51-61.
  12. Cho, C.-H.,Lee, J.-G.,Tharp, M.(2001).Different forced-exposure levels to banner advertisements.Journal of Advertising Research,41(4),45-56.
  13. Cole, C. A.,Balasubramanian, S. K.(1993).Age differences in consumers' search for information: Public policy implications.Journal of Consumer Research,20(1),157-169.
  14. Danaher, P. J.,Mullarkey, G. W.,Essegaier, S.(2006).Factors affecting web site visit duration: A cross-domain analysis.Journal of Marketing Research,43(2),182-194.
  15. Derogatis, L. R.,Cleary, P. A.(1977).Confirmation of the dimensional structure of the SCL90: A study in construct validation.Journal of Clinical Psychology,33(4),981-989.
  16. Diao, F.,Sundar, S. S.(2004).Orienting response and memory for web advertisements: Exploring effects of pop-up window and animation.Communication Research,31(5),537-567.
  17. Drolet, A.,Williams, P.,Lau-Gesk, L.(2007).Age-related differences in responses to affective vs. rational ads for hedonic vs. utilitarian products.Marketing Letters,18(4),211-221.
  18. Drossos, D. A.,Kokkinaki, F.,Giaglis, G. M.,Fouskas, K. G.(2014).The effects of product involvement and impulse buying on purchase intentions in mobile text advertising.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,13(6),423-430.
  19. Ducoffe, R. H.(1996).Advertising value and advertising on the web.Journal of Advertising Research,36(5),21-35.
  20. Fingerman, K. L.,Perlmutter, M.(1995).Future time perspective and life events across adulthood.The Journal of General Psychology,122(1),95-111.
  21. Fisk, A. D.,Rogers, W. A.,Charness, N.,Czaja, S. J.,Sharit, J.(2009).Designing for older adults: Principles and creative human factors approaches.Boca Raton:CRC press, Taylor & Francis Group.
  22. Flores, W.,Chen, J.-C. V.,Ross, W. H.(2014).The effect of variations in banner ad, type of product, website context, and language of advertising on Internet users' attitudes.Computers in Human Behavior,31,37-47.
  23. Fredrickson, B. L.,Carstensen, L. L.(1990).Choosing social partners: How old age and anticipated endings make people more selective.Psychology and Aging,5(3),335.
  24. Fung, H. H.,Carstensen, L. L.(2003).Sending memorable messages to the old: Age differences in preferences and memory for advertisements.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,85(1),163.
  25. Fung, H. H.,Carstensen, L. L.(2004).Motivational changes in response to blocked goals and foreshortened time: testing alternatives to socioemotional selectivity theory.Psychology and Aging,19(1),68.
  26. Fung, H. H.,Carstensen, L. L.,Lutz, A. M.(1999).Influence of time on social preferences: Implications for life-span development.Psychology and Aging,14(4),595.
  27. Fung, H. H.,Lai, P.,Ng, R.(2001).Age differences in social preferences among Taiwanese and Mainland Chinese: The role of perceived time.Psychology and Aging,16(2),351.
  28. Hwang, J.,Yoon, Y.-S.,Park, N.-H.(2011).Structural effects of cognitive and affective reponses to web advertisements, website and brand attitudes, and purchase intentions: The case of casual-dining restaurants.International Journal of Hospitality Management,30(4),897-907.
  29. Jay, G. M.,Willis, S. L.(1992).Influence of direct computer experience on older adults' attitudes toward computers.Journal of Gerontology,47(4),250-257.
  30. John, D. R.,Cole, C. A.(1986).Age differences in information processing: Understanding deficits in young and elderly consumers.Journal of consumer research,13(3),297-315.
  31. Kahneman, D.(1973).Attention and effort.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
  32. Kim, D.,Jang, S. S.(2015).Cognitive decline and emotional regulation of senior consumers.International Journal of Hospitality Management,44,111-119.
  33. Kotler, P.,Keller, K. L.,Bliemel, F.(2007).Marketing-management: Strategien für wertschaffendes.Handeln:Addison Wesley in Pearson Education Deutschland.
  34. Kumar, A.,Lim, H.(2008).Age differences in mobile service perceptions: Comparison of Generation Y and baby boomers.Journal of Services Marketing,22(7),568-577.
  35. Kuppelwieser, V. G.,Sarstedt, M.(2014).Applying the future time perspective scale to advertising research.International Journal of Advertising,33(1),113-136.
  36. Labouvie-Vief, G.,Blanchard-Fields, F.(1982).Cognitive ageing and psychological growth.Ageing and Society,2(2),183-209.
  37. Lambert-Pandraud, R.,Laurent, G.(2010).Why do older consumers buy older brands? The role of attachment and declining innovativeness.Journal of Marketing,74(5),104-121.
  38. Lambert-Pandraud, R.,Laurent, G.,Lapersonne, E.(2005).Repeat purchasing of new automobiles by older consumers: Empirical evidence and interpretations.Journal of Marketing,69(2),97-113.
  39. Lang, F. R.,Carstensen, L. L.(2002).Time counts: Future time perspective, goals, and social relationships.Psychology and Aging,17(1),125.
  40. Light, L. L.(1991).Memory and aging: Four hypotheses in search of data.Annual review of psychology,42(1),333-376.
  41. Lin, C.-P.,Tsai, Y.-H.,Chiu, C.-K.,Liu, C.-P.(2015).Forecasting the purchase intention of IT product: Key roles of trust and environmental consciousness for IT firms.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,99,148-155.
  42. Löckenhoff, C. E.,Carstensen, L. L.(2007).Aging, emotion, and health-related decision strategies: Motivational manipulations can reduce age differences.Psychology and Aging,22(1),134.
  43. Lu, L.-C.,Chang, W.-P.,Chang, H.-H.(2014).Consumer attitudes toward blogger's sponsored recommendations and purchase intention: The effect of sponsorship type, product type, and brand awareness.Computers in Human Behavior,34,258-266.
  44. Mather, M.,Carstensen, L. L.(2005).Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory.Trends in Cognitive Sciences,9(10),496-502.
  45. McKay-Nesbitt, J.,Manchanda, R. V.,Smith, M. C.,Huhmann, B. A.(2011).Effects of age, need for cognition, and affective intensity on advertising effectiveness.Journal of Business Research,64(1),12-17.
  46. Mehta, A.(2000).Advertising attitudes and advertising effectiveness.Journal of Advertising Research,40(3),67-71.
  47. Merisavo, M.,Kajalo, S.,Karjaluoto, H.,Virtanen, V.,Salmenkivi, S.,Raulas, M.,Leppäniemi, M.(2007).An empirical study of the drivers of consumer acceptance of mobile advertising.Journal of Interactive Advertising,7(2),41-50.
  48. Micu, C. C.,Chowdhury, T. G.(2010).The effect of ageing and time horizon perspective on consumers' response to promotion versus prevention focus advertisements.International Journal of Advertising,29(4),621-642.
  49. Morris, A.,Goodman, J.,Brading, H.(2007).Internet use and non-use: views of older users.Universal Access in the Information Society,6(1),43-57.
  50. Moschis, G. P.(2007).Life course perspectives on consumer behavior.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,35(2),295-307.
  51. Moschis, G. P.(2003).Marketing to older adults: an updated overview of present knowledge and practice.Journal of Consumer Marketing,20(6),516-525.
  52. Nelson, M. R.(2002).Recall of brand placements in computer/video games.Journal of Advertising Research,42(2),80-92.
  53. Olney, T. J.,Holbrook, M. B.,Batra, R.(1991).Consumer responses to advertising: The effects of ad content, emotions, and attitude toward the ad on viewing time.Journal of Consumer Research,17(4),440-453.
  54. Pavlou, P. A.(2003).Consumer acceptance of electronic commerce: Integrating trust and risk with the technology acceptance model.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,7(3),101-134.
  55. Phillips, L. W.,Sternthal, B.(1977).Age differences in information processing: A perspective on the aged consumer.Journal of Marketing Research,14(4),444-457.
  56. Radloff, L. S.(1977).The CES-D scale a self-report depression scale for research in the general population.Applied Psychological Measurement,1(3),385-401.
  57. Reed, A. E.,Mikels, J. A.,Simon, K. I.(2008).Older adults prefer less choice than young adults.Psychology and Aging,23(3),671.
  58. Rodgers, S.,Thorson, E.(2000).The interactive advertising model: How users perceive and process online ads.Journal of Interactive Advertising,1(1),41-60.
  59. Rosselli, F.,Skelly, J. J.,Mackie, D. M.(1995).Processing rational and emotional messages: The cognitive and affective mediation of persuasion.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,31(2),163-190.
  60. Scharl, A.,Dickinger, A.,Murphy, J.(2005).Diffusion and success factors of mobile marketing.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,2(2),159-173.
  61. Schlosser, A. E.,Shavitt, S.,Kanfer, A.(1999).Survey of Internet users' attitudes toward Internet advertising.Journal of Interactive Marketing,13(3),34-54.
  62. Sinkovics, R. R.,Pezderka, N.,Haghirian, P.(2012).Determinants of consumer perceptions toward mobile advertising-a comparison between Japan and Austria.Journal of Interactive Marketing,26(1),21-32.
  63. Solomon, M.,Russell-Bennett, R.,Previte, J.(2012).Consumer behaviour.London:Pearson Higher Education AU.
  64. Speck, P. S.,Elliott, M. T.(1997).Predictors of advertising avoidance in print and broadcast media.Journal of Advertising,26(3),61-76.
  65. Thompson, N. J.,Thompson, K. E.(2009).Can marketing practice keep up with Europe's ageing population?.European Journal of Marketing,43,1281-1288.
  66. Tsang, M. M.,Ho, S.-C.,Liang, T.-P.(2004).Consumer attitudes toward mobile advertising: An empirical study.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,8(3),65-78.
  67. United Nations(2015).World population ageing.
  68. Williams, P.,Drolet, A.(2005).Age-related differences in responses to emotional advertisements.Journal of Consumer Research,32(3),343-354.
  69. Wohlwill, J. F.(1970).The age variable in psychological research.Psychological Review,77(1),49.
  70. Xu, D. J.,Liao, S. S.,Li, Q.(2008).Combining empirical experimentation and modeling techniques: A design research approach for personalized mobile advertising applications.Decision Support Systems,44(3),710-724.
  71. Yang, K. C.(2007).Exploring factors affecting consumer intention to use mobile advertising in Taiwan.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,20(1),33-49.
  72. Yoon, C.(1997).Age differences in consumers' processing strategies: An investigation of moderating influences.Journal of Consumer Research,24(3),329-342.
  73. Zacher, H.,Frese, M.(2009).Remaining time and opportunities at work: Relationships between age, work characteristics, and occupational future time perspective.Psychology and Aging,24(2),487.
  74. Zeff, R. L.,Aronson, B.(1999).Advertising on the Internet.NY:John Wiley & Sons Inc..
  75. 行政院內政部統計處(2014.07.26)。〈103年6月底人口結構分析〉。取自http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/news_content.aspx?sn=8664
  76. 域動行銷(2015.07.29)。〈域動行銷2015年第二季台灣網路、行動調查數據報告〉。取自http://www.clickforce.com.tw/newspaper/Report/2015Q2.pdf
  77. 陳曉莉(2016.06.20)。〈Pew研究:去年行動廣告規模已超越桌面廣告〉。取自http://www.ithome.com.tw/news/106611
  78. 創市際(2017)。創市際雙週刊,80
  79. 創市際(2015)。創市際雙週刊,45
  80. 資策會(2015.07.24)。〈係"驚"?!全臺行動族群半年內激增170萬人 熟齡族躍升主力族群 hTC擊敗Samsung奪回手機愛牌美名 現逾1,600萬人每天滑滑滑!!!〉。取自http://www.iii.org.tw/Press/NewsDtl.aspx?nsp_sqno=1560&fm_sqno=14