語料庫輔助的媒體論述分析：以台灣平面媒體中國夢報導為語料的實證研究

Corpus-assisted Media Discourse Analysis: Methods, Theoretical Framework and Case Study of the Chia Dream Corpora

10.29843/JCCIS.202001_(38).0005

郭文平(Win-Ping Kuo)

中國夢 ； 語料庫輔助論述分析 ； 語料庫語言學 ； 論述分析 ； 數位人文 ； China dream ； Corpus-assisted discourse studies ； Corpus Linguistic ； discourse analysis ； Digital humanities

資訊社會研究

38期（2020 / 01 / 01）

51 - 92

繁體中文

本研究探討語料庫輔助媒體論述分析（CADS）的相關概念及應用，研究者以台灣四家平面媒體1,100篇關於「中國夢」報導建置成語料庫作為分析案例。本研究從語料庫分析的理論包括詞頻統計、共現詞分析及語境脈絡分析等出發，探討CADS觀點如何進行文本的客觀主題定位、字彙韻律結構發掘及關鍵節點字彙的語用牽涉分析。本研究同時搭配再脈絡化、命名、參考、比較等論述分析的理論觀點，對範例語料庫文本進行深度詮釋。透過CADS分析脈絡，本文提出從微觀字詞分析到巨觀的論述分析的文本分析模式。

The paper explores aspects and applications of corpus-assisted discourse studies(CADS). 1100 reports that include ＂the China Dream＂ from the four major Taiwanese newspapers were collected as a corpus to demonstrate my analysis. A corpus linguistic method enables the researcher to map dominant issues in news reports, probe semantic prosody and analyze ＂aboutness＂ of text via examinations of keywords in context. A subsequent analysis with different aspects of discourse approaches including recontextualization, naming, referencing, comparing allow further exploration of the texts. Based on the process of CADS, this paper proposes a framework of textual analysis that looks into a micro-level of lexis and could reveal a macro-level of discursive structure.

1. 紀慧君(2018)。從語料分析探究有機食物之媒體再現：三十年之意義與轉變。中華傳播學刊，34，209-252。
   連結：
2. 郭文平(2015)。字彙實踐及媒體再現：語料庫分析方法在總體經濟新聞文本分析運用研究。新聞學研究，125，95-142。
   連結：
3. 郭文平(2017)。緩慢開展的危害再現：媒介報導中的旱災、風險及氣候變遷論述之語料分析。傳播研究與實踐，7(1)，37-70。
   連結：
4. Anthony, L. (2016). SarAnt (Version 1.1.0) [Computer Software]. Tokyo, Japan: Waseda University. Retrieved from https://www.laurenceanthony.net/software
5. Baker, P.(2006).Using corpora in discourse analysis.Landon, UK:Continuum.
6. Baker, P.(2005).Public discourses of gay men.Landon, UK:Routledge.
7. Baker, P.,Ellece, S.(2011).Key terms in discourse analysis.Landon, UK:Continuum.
8. Baker, P.,Gabrielatos, C.,Khosravinik, M.,Krzyżanowski, M.,McEnery, T.,Wodak, R.(2008).A useful methodological synergy? Combining critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics to examine discourses of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press.Discourse & Society,19(3),273-306.
9. Bednarek, M.,Caple, H.(2017).The discourse of news values: How news organizations create newsworthiness.Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press.
10. Bevitori, C.(2010).Representations of Climate Change: News and Opinion Discourse in UK and US Quality Press: a Corpus-assisted Discourse Study.Bologna: IT:Bononia University Press.
11. Boundi, M.(ed.),Scott, M.(ed.)(2010).Keyness in Texts.Amsterdam, NL:John Benjamins Publishing Company.
12. Brezina, V.,McEnery, T.,Wattam, S.(2015).Collocations in context: A new perspective on collocation networks.International Journal of Corpus Linguistics,20(2),139-173.
13. Brown, K. (2014.03.19). In many ways, the “China dream” is not different from the American one. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jan/31/in-many-ways-the-china-dream-is-not-different-than-theamerican-one
14. Burdick, A.,Drucker, J.,Lunenfeld, P.,Presner, T.,Schnapp, J.(2012).Digital humanities.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
15. Callahan, W. A.(2015).Identity and security in China: the negative soft power of the China dream.Politics,35(3-4),216-229.
16. Callahan, W. A.(2017).Dreaming as a critical discourse of national belonging: China Dream, American Dream and world dream.Nations and Nationalism,23(2),248-270.
17. Callahan, W. A.(2013).China dreams: 20 visions of the future.Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press.
18. Carvalho, A.(2008).Media(ted) discourse and society: Rethinking the framework of critical discourse analysis.Journalism Studies,9(2),161-177.
19. Charteris-Black, J.(2004).Corpus approaches to critical metaphor analysis.Basingstoke, UK:Palgrave Macmillan.
20. Charteris-Black, J.(2006).Britain as a container: immigration metaphors in the 2005 election campaign.Discourse & Society,17(5),563-581.
21. Charteris-Black, J.,Ennis, T.(2001).A comparative study of metaphor in Spanish and English financial reporting.English for Specific Purposes,20(3),249-266.
22. Fairclough, N.(1992).Discourse and social change.Cambridge, UK:Polity Press.
23. Fairclough, N.,Cortese, G.,Ardizzone, P.(2007).Discourse and contemporary social change.Bern, CH:Peter Lang.
24. Gabrielatos, C.,Baker, P.(2008).Fleeing, sneaking, flooding: A corpus analysis of discursive constructions of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press, 1996-2005.Journal of English Linguistics,36(1),5-38.
25. Goodman, R. S.(1999).Prestige press coverage of Us-China policy during the Cold War's collapse and Post-Cold War years: Did a deteriorating Cold War paradigm set the stage for more independent press coverage?.International Communication Gazette,61(5),391-410.
26. Graue, C.(2015).Qualitative data analysis.International Journal of Sales, Retailing & Marketing,4,5-14.
27. Hardt-Mautner, G.(1995).UCREL Technical PaperUCREL Technical Paper,Lancaster, UK:University of Lancaster.
28. Hockey, S.(2004).The history of humanities computing.A companion to digital humanities,Oxford, UK:
29. Hou, Z.(2016).A corpus-driven analysis of media representations of the Chinese Dream.International Journal of English Linguistics,6,142-149.
30. Hunston, S.(2002).Corpora in applied linguistics.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
31. Jensen, K. E.(2014).Lingustics and the digital humanities: Computational corpus lingustics.MedieKultur: Journal of Media and Communication Research,30(57),115-134.
32. Li, X.,Cyr, S. C.(1998).Human rights in China: A pawn of a political agenda? A content analysis of the New York Times (1987-96).International Communication Gazette,60(6),531-547.
33. Linell, P.(1998).Discourse across boundaries: On recontextualizations and the blending of voices in professional discourse.Text-Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of Discourse,18(2),143-158.
34. Mahoney, J. G.(2014).Interpreting the Chinese dream: an exercise of political hermeneutics.Journal of Chinese Political Science,19(1),15-34.
35. McEnery, A. M.,Wilson, A.(2001).Corpus linguistics: An introduction.Edinburgh, UK:Edinburgh University Press.
36. McEnery, T.,Xiao, R.,Tono, Y.(2006).Corpus-based language studies: An advanced resource book.London, UK:Routledge.
37. Morley, J.,Bayley, P.(2011).Corpus-assisted discourse studies on the Iraq conflict: Wording the war.London, UK:Routledge.
38. O'Keeffe, A.(ed.),McCarthy, M.(ed.)(2010).The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics.London, UK:Routledge.
39. O'Keeffe, A.(ed.),McCarthy, M.(ed.)(2010).The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics.London, UK:Routledge.
40. Partington, A.(2004).Corpora and discourse: A most congruous beast.Corpora and discourse,Bern, CH:
41. Pollach, I.(2012).Taming textual data: The contribution of corpus linguistics to computeraided text analysis.Organizational Research Methods,15,263-287.
42. Richardson, J. E.(2007).Analysing newspapers: An approach from critical discourse analysis.New York, NY:Palgrave Macmillan Basingstoke.
43. Scott, M.(2012).Scott, M. (2012). WordSmith Tools version 6. Liverpool, UK: Lexical Analysis Software..
44. Scott, M.(1997).PC analysis of key words-and key key words.System,25(2),233-245.
45. Scott, M.,Tribble, C.(2006).Textual patterns: Key words and corpus analysis in language education.Amerstadam, NL:John Benjamins Publishing.
46. Sinclair, J.(1991).Corpus, concordance, collocation.Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press.
47. Sparks, C.(2010).Coverage of China in the UK national press.Chinese Journal of Communication,3(3),347-365.
48. Stubbs, M.(1996).Text and corpus analysis: Computer-assisted studies of language and culture.Oxford, UK:Blackwell.
49. Tognini-Bonelli, E.(2001).Corpus Linguistics at Work.Amerstadam, NL:John Benjamins Publishing Company.
50. Tribble, C.(2000).Genres, keywords, teaching: towards a pedagogic account of the language of project proposals.Rethinking language pedagogy from a corpus perspective: Paper from the third international conference on teaching and language corpora,Farnkfurt, DE:
51. Wang, J.(2016).Narrative mediatisation of the "Chinese Dream" in Chinese and American media.Journal of Language and Politics,15(1),45-62.
52. Wang, Z.(2014).The Chinese dream: Concept and context.Journal of Chinese Political Science,19(1),1-13.
53. Widdowson, H. G.(2000).On the limitations of linguistics applied.Applied linguistics,21(1),3-25.
54. Wilke, J.,Achatzi, J.(2011).From Tian'anmen Square to the global world stage: framing China in the German press, 1986-2006.Chinese Journal of Communication,4(3),348-364.
55. Willnat, L.,Luo, Y.(2011).Watching the dragon: global television news about China.Chinese Journal of Communication,4(3),255-273.
56. 自由時報（2015.07.16）。〈2015 媒體風雲榜調查，《自由時報》四冠王〉。取自https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/1380945
57. 林國炯(2013)。論「中國夢」與經濟可持續發展。海峽評論，275，23-27。
58. 胡鞍鋼、胡聯合(2013)。中國夢的基石是中華民族的國族一體化。清華大學學報：哲學社會科學版，4，111-116。
59. 修剛(2006)。實現「中國夢」的文化基源。外交評論：外交學院學報，2，17-18。
60. 楊生平(2014)。中國夢的當代意義。前線，3，29-30。
61. 楊雪冬（2013.04.10）。〈公正與法治：中國夢的價值規則〉。取自 http://www.bjqx.org.cn/qxweb/n72937c763.aspx
62. 闕河嘉、卓文福、趙培華(2016)。淡水目的地意象之網路再現—數位中文內容分析工具之應用。數位人文：在過去、現在和未來之間，台北:

1. 曾繁絹(Fan-Chuan Tseng);白佩宜(Pei-Yi Pai)(2023)。以語料庫分析社群媒體探討地方觀光吸引力－臺南市政府臉書專頁為例。圖書資訊學刊。21(2)。89-118。