蘇格拉底式對話（問答式對話）

Socratic Method

10.6388/JES.200612.0001

洪慧涓(Hui-Chuan Hung)

蘇格拉底式對話 ； 認知治療 ； 理情行為治療 ； 問話 ； Socratic Method ； Questioning ； Cognitive Therapy ； Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

教育科學期刊

6卷2期（2006 / 12 / 01）

1 - 16

繁體中文

蘇格拉底式對話是認知治療與理性情緒行為治療運用問話的過程來了解案主推論的理由，將案主不適應與不合理的假設，修正為較合乎邏輯與合理的假設，以產生合乎現實與適宜的情緒。 諮商與輔導的學習者由於訓練之故，較熟悉同理式的回應方式，對於運用認知問話的技巧來引導治療策略的進行，並不熟稔。本文擬依據Overholser 1993到1995發表的四篇蘇格拉底對話的文章來介紹，內容包含如下： 一、前言 1.蘇格拉底式對話的起源與本質 2.蘇格拉底式的特色 二、蘇格拉底式對話的基本要素 1.系統性問話(Overholser, 1993) 2.推理(Inductive reasoning) (Overholser, 1993) 3.通用定義(Overholser, 1994) 4.反証(Overholser, 1995) 三、使用時機 1.使用對象、治療理論與問題 2.限制

Socratic Method is a method applied in Cognitive Therapy and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. It is used to propose a series of ”Questioning” the reasoning, and to modify the maladaptive and irrational assumption into logical and rational assumption. The purpose of it is to help the client to have the realistic and appropriate emotion. The counselor is familiar with the reflective response more than cognitive inquiry. This article review is based on the four papers of Overholser (1993, 1993, 1994 & 1995) introducing the elements of Socratic Method. This article explicates three aspects as following: A. Prescribe The origin and the nature of the Socratic Dialog. The characters of the Socratic Dialog. B. The elements of the Socratic Method: 1. Systematic questioning (Overholser, 1993). 2. Inductive reasoning (Overholser, 1993). 3. Universal definition (Overholser, 1994). 4. Disavowal of knowledge (Overholser, 1995). C. The timing of usage 1. Subjects, theories, and problems. 2. Limits.

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