大學生生涯成熟及其相關因素之研究：以中部某大學為例

Career Maturity and Its Related Factors of Undergraduate Students of a University in Central Taiwan

10.6388/JES.200612.0091

關永馨(Yung-Hsing Kuan)；齊隆鯤(Lung-Kun Chi)

生涯發展 ； 生涯成熟 ； career development ； career maturity

教育科學期刊

6卷2期（2006 / 12 / 01）

91 - 107

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討大學生之生涯成熟情形，以及不同性別、年級、學院、工讀經驗、生涯選擇、科系滿意度、學校適應度等與其生涯成熟之關係。本研究選取中部某大學共692名學生為受試者，以林邦傑、修慧蘭編製之「大學生生涯發展量表」為研究工具，進行問卷調查。所得資料經t考驗､變異數分析或Spearman等級相關等統計分析，結果顯示該大學學生之生涯成熟表現，在「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」及「自我瞭解」三個向度上與常模平均數相近，然在「工作世界認識」與「生涯決策」二個向度上，則低於常模平均數。不同性別間在「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」、「生涯決策」及「自我瞭解」等向度上有顯著差異；不同年級間在「生涯計畫」與「工作世界認識」二個向度上有顯著差異；不同學院別間在「生涯發展信念」與「生涯計畫」二個向度上有顯著差異。有無工讀經驗者，在「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」及「自我瞭解」等向度上有顯著差異；畢業後不同生涯選擇者，在「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」及「自我瞭解」等向度上有顯著差異。此外，學生對就讀科系之滿意度與其「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」、「生涯決策」及「自我瞭解」等向度皆呈正相關；學生在學校之適應度與其「生涯發展信念」、「生涯計畫」、「生涯決策」及「自我瞭解」等向度皆呈正相關。本研究結果可供大學生生涯教育與輔導工作之參考及作為進一步研究之基礎。

The objectives of this study were to investigate career maturity of undergraduate students and its relationship with gender, grade, college, part time job experience, career decision, department satisfaction, and school adaptation. A total of 692 undergraduate students of a university in central Taiwan were examined by Career Development Scale for College Students designed by Drs. Lin and Hsiou. Data collected were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA or Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that in dimensions of career maturity, the scores of career belief, career planning and self-awareness of undergraduate students of this university were similar to the norm. However, their scores of work-world knowledge and career decision were lower than that of norm. There were significant differences between different gender on the scores of career belief, career decision and self-awareness; there were significant differences among different grades on the scores of career planning and work-world knowledge; there were significant differences among different colleges on the scores of career belief and career planning. And there were significant differences between students with or without part-time job experience on the scores of career belief, career planning and self-awareness; there were significant differences among students with different career selections after graduation on the scores of career belief, career planning and self-awareness. In addition, there were positive correlations between scores of department satisfaction of students and their scores of career belief, career planning, career decision and self-awareness, respectively; there were positive correlations between scores of school adaptation of students and their scores of career belief, career planning, career decision and self-awareness, respectively. The results of this study will provide for career education and guidance for undergraduate students and be used as bases for the further studies.

1. Burkhead, E.J.,Cope,C.S.(1984).Career maturity and physically disabled college students.Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin,27,142-150.
2. Crites, J. O.(1974).Problems in the measurement of vocational maturity.Journal of Vocational Behavior,4,25-31.
3. Healy, C.C.,O`Shea, D.,Cook, R.H.(1985).Relation of career attitudes to age and career progress during college.Journal of Counseling Psychology,32(2),239-244.
4. Herr, E. L.,Cramer, S. H.(1996).Career guidance and counseling through the life span.Illinois:Scott ＆ Foresman.
5. Krieshok, T. S.(1987).Assessment of adolescent career interests and values.New York, NY:Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.
6. Luzoo, D. A.(1995).Gender difference in college students` career maturity and perceived barriers in career development.Eric Document Reproduction Service.
7. Luzzo, D. A.(1993).Predicting the career maturity of undergraduates: A comparison of personal, education, and psychological factors.Journal of College Development,34(4),271-275.
8. Nevill, D. D.,Super, D. E.(1988).Career maturity and commitment to work in university students.Journal of Vocational Behavior,32,139-151.
9. Ohler, D. L.(1993).Differences in career maturity between college students with and without learning disabilities.Eric Document Reproduction Service.
10. Savickas, M. L.(1994).Measuring career development: Current status and future directions.The Career Development Quarterly,43,54-62.
11. Super, D. E.(1976).Career Education and the Meaning of Work, Monographs on Career Education.Washington DC:The Office of Career Education, U. S. Office of Education.
12. Super, D. E.(1955).The dimensions and measurement of vocational maturity.Teacher College Record,57,151-163.
13. Super, D. E.(1980).A Life-span, life space approach to career development.Journal of Vocational Behavior,16,282-298.
14. Super, D. E.(1974).Measuring vocational maturity for counseling and evaluation.Washington:American Personnel and Guidance Association.
15. Super, D. E.,D. Brown,L. Brooks(Eds)(1990).Career choice and development: Applying contemporary theories to practice.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
16. Super, D. E.,Overstreet, P. L.(1960).The vocational maturity of ninth grade boys.New Yorks:Teachers College, Columbia University.
17. Tilden, A. J.(1978).Is there a monotonic criterion for measures of vocational maturity in college students?.Journal of Vocational Behavior,12,43-52.
18. 牛文菡(1999)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。
19. 牛格正、張德榮、許淑穗(1994)。高職應屆畢業生對工作角色認定及其生涯成熟的關係。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。
20. 江福清(1993)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。
21. 中華民國九十三年人力資源運用調查報告
22. 林邦傑、修慧蘭(1997)。大學生生涯發展量表電腦化系統之研究。教育部訓委會。
23. 林邦傑、修慧蘭(1996)。大學生生涯發展量表之編製(二)期末報告。教育部訓委會。
24. 林幸台(1997)。生計輔導的理論與實施。五南圖書。
25. 林幸台、吳天方、林清文、劉淑慧(1996)。生涯發展量表編製報告。教育部技職司。
26. 林清文、林幸台(1987)。生涯發展量表之編製。中國測驗學會年刊，33，39-48。
27. 金樹人(1997)。生涯諮商與輔導。東華書局。
28. 金樹人、林清山、田秀蘭(1989)。我國大專學生生涯發展定向之研究。教育心理學報，22，167-190。
29. 侯月瑞(1986)。國立台灣師範大學輔導研究所。
30. 洪慧芸(2003)。國立政治大學教育研究所。
31. 夏林清(1982)。生涯成熟態度問卷修訂報告。測驗與輔導雙月刊，15，793-795。
32. 張添洲(2002)。生涯發展與規劃。五南圖書。
33. 張德聰(2004)。92年暨93年度生涯轉換需求量表及生涯轉換諮詢模式之實證研究。財團法人張老師基金會。
34. 郭忠禎(2000)。私立逢甲大學企業管理學研究所。
35. 黃淑芬(1982)。台灣師範大學教育輔導研究所。
36. 黃淑敏(1999)。國立台南師範學院國民教育研究所。
37. 黃恵恵(1994)。五年制商業專科學生生涯成熟度與學校適應行爲之相關研究。張老師文化事業有限公司。

1. 陳書梅(Chen Su-may Sheih)(2021)。電影情緒療癒功能之質化研究－以生涯發展困擾之臺大學生為例。圖書資訊學刊。19(1)。67-113。