應用改良式PBL建立師資生教學設計知能與一般性能力之研究

Enhancing Student Teachers' Instructional Design Abilities and Generic Skills Through a Modified PBL

徐靜嫻(Ching-Hsien Hsu)；林偉人(Wei-Ren Lin)

師資培育 ； 問題導向學習 ； 教學原理 ； teacher education ； problem-based learning ； the principles of teaching

教育科學期刊

15卷1期（2016 / 06 / 01）

1 - 30

繁體中文

隨著課程的性質與內涵之差異，以及教學目的訴求之不同，不同學科領域的學者對PBL之應用，有越來越多的嘗試著重於將原始PBL的模式加以變動，以求符合課程的需求。本研究主要目的，是基於師資培育課程的特質，利用改良式PBL(modified problem-based learning)，將認知鷹架融入「教學原理」課程的PBL運作裡，並結合專題導向學習，以建立學生教學原理之學科知識，和教學設計之基本知能。同時，藉由PBL之運作，希望促進其一般性技能，如問題解決、知識建構、人際互動與團體合作等能力之提升。最後，透過改良式PBL整體課程的實施，以瞭解在改良式PBL中所建構的認知鷹架，在促進PBL運作之成效。

Even though Problem-based learning has been applied to a variety of areas, it may not effectively fulfill different curriculum goals, since different disciplines involve specific nature and contents. There is an increasing attempt to think of accomplishing different educational goals by modifying problem-based learning but still highlighting the basic features of the original PBL approach. The purpose of this study is to use a modified PBL which combined several cognitive scaffolding and project-based learning in an initial teacher education curriculum, the principles of teaching. On the one hand, it would like to promote pre-service teacher students' abilities of instructional design and their generic skills, such as problem solving, knowledge construction, people interaction, and group working. On the other hand, the effect of promoting the function of PBL by different cognitive scaffolding will be explored.

1. 李雅婷(2011)。師資職前教育師培生進行問題引導學習之課程設計與實施研究。屏東教育大學學報─教育類，37，57-96。
   連結：
2. 徐靜嫻(2012)。PBL融入師資培育教學實習課程之個案研究。教育科學研究期刊，58(2)，91-121。
   連結：
3. Anderson, L. W.(Ed.)(1995).International encyclopedia of teaching and teacher education.New York, NY:Elsevier Science Inc..
4. Askell‐Williams, H.,Murray‐Harvey, R.,Lawson, M. J.(2007).Teacher education students' reflections on how problem‐based learning has changed their mental models about teaching and learning.The Teacher Educator,42(4),237-263.
5. Barrows, H. S.(1998).The essentials of problem-based learning.Journal of Dental Education,62(9),630-633.
6. Barrows, H. S.(1996).Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond: A brief overview.New Direction for Teaching and Learning,68,3-11.
7. Barrows, H. S.,Tamblyn, R. H.(1980).Problem-based learning: An approach tomedical education.New York:Springer Publishing Company.
8. Beane, J. A.(1997).Curriculum Integration.New York, NY:Teachers College Press.
9. Belland, B.,French, B.,Ertmer, P.(2009).Validity and problem-based learning research: A review of instruments used to assess intended learning outcomes.The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,3(1),59-89.
10. Blackbourn, J. M.,Fillingim, J. G.,McCelland, S.,Elrod, G. F.,Medley, M. B.,Kritsonis, M. A.,Ray, J.(2008).The use of wireless technology to augment problem-based learning in special education pre-service teacher training.Journal Instructional Psychology,35(2),169-176.
11. Boud, D.,Feletti, G.(1997).The challenge of problem-based learning.London:Kogan Page.
12. Cordeiro, P.,Campbell, B.(1995).Problem-based learning as cognitive apprenticeship in educational administration.Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association,San Francisco:
13. Dolmans, D. H. J. M.,Snellen-Balendong, H.(1997).Seven principles of effective case design for a problem-based curriculum.Medical Teacher,19(3),185-189.
14. Duch, B. J.(Ed.),Groh, S. E.(Ed.),Alen, D. E.(Ed.)(2001).The power of problem-based learning: A practical "how to" for teaching undergraduate courses in and discipline.VA:Stylus Publishing.
15. Edens, K. M.(2000).Preparing problem solvers for the 21st century through problem based learning.College Teaching,48(2),55-60.
16. Elrod, G. F.,Coleman, A. M.,Shumpert, K. D.,Medley, M. B.(2005).The use of problem-based learning in rural special education pre-service training programs.Rural Special Education Quarterly,24(2),28-32.
17. Goodnough, K.(2005).Fostering teacher learning through collaborative inquiry.The Changing House,79(2),88-92.
18. Grady, M. L.(1991).The medical model and the preparation of education professionals.Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration,Baltimore:
19. Haney, J.,Wang, J.,Keil, C.,Zoffel, J.(2007).Enhancing teachers' beliefs and practices through problem-based learning focused on pertinent issues of environmental health science.The Journal of Environmental Education,38(4),25-33.
20. Jacobs, A. E.,Dolmans, D. H.,Wolfhagen, I. H.,Scherpbier, A. J.(2003).Validation of a short questionnaire to assess the degree of complexity and structuredness of PBL problems.Medical Education,37(11),1001-1007.
21. Jonassen, D.(2011).Supporting problem solving in PBL.The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,5(2),95-119.
22. Jonassen, D. H.,Hung, W.(2008).All problems are not equal: Implications for problem-based learning.The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,2(2),6-28.
23. Kwan, T.(2008).Student-teachers' evaluation on the use of different modes of problem-based learning in teacher education.Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education,36(4),323-343.
24. Levin, B. B.(Ed.)(2001).Energizing Teacher Education and Professional Development with Problem-based Learning.Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
25. McLinden, M.,McCall, S.,Hinton, D.,Weston, A.(2006).Participation in online problem-based learning: Insights from postgraduate teachers studying through open and distance education.Distance Education,27(3),331-353.
26. McPhee, A. D.(2002).Problem-based learning in initial teacher education: Taking the agenda forward.Journal of Educational Enquiry,3(1),60-78.
27. Murray-Harvey, R.,Curtis, D. D.,Cattley, G.,Slee, P.(2005).Enhancing teacher education students' generic skills through problem-based learning.Teaching Education,16(3),257-273.
28. Newton, D. P.,Newton, L. D.(2009).Knowledge development at the time of use: A problem-based approach to lesson planning in primary teacher training in a low knowledge, low skill context.Educational Studies,35(3),311-321.
29. Park, S. H.,Ertmer, P.(2008).Impact of problem-based learning (PBL) on teachers' beliefs regarding technology use.Journal of Research on Technology in Education,40(2),247-267.
30. Ravitz, J.(2009).Summarizing findings and looking ahead to a new generation of PBL research.The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,3(1),4-11.
31. Savery, J. R.(2006).Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions.The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,1(1),9-20.
32. Simone, C. D.(2008).Problem-based learning: A framework for prospective teachers' pedagogical problem solving.Teacher Development,12(3),179-191.
33. Steinkuehler, C. A.,Derry, S. J.,Hmelo-Silver, C. E.,Delmarcelle, M.(2002).Cracking the resource nut with distributed problem-based learning in secondary teacher education.Distance Education,23(1),23-39.
34. Stepien, W. J.,Senn, P. R.,Stepien, W. C.(2000).The internet and problem-based learning: Developing solutions through web.Arizona:Zehpyr Press.
35. Strobel, J.,van Barneveld, A.(2009).When is PBL more effective? A meta-synthesis of meta-analyses comparing PBL to conventional classrooms.Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,3(1),4.
36. Trop, L.,Sage, S.(2002).Problems as possibilities: Problem-based learning for K-16 education.Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
37. Walker, A.,Leary, H.(2009).A problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis: differences across problem types, implementation types, disciplines, and assessment levels.Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,3(1),12-43.
38. 周天賜譯、Delisle, R.(2003)。問題引導學習PBL。台北:心理。
39. 林麗娟(2002)。「問題導向學習」在網路資源式學習之應用。教學科技與媒體，60，42-53。
40. 計惠卿、張杏妃(2001)。全方位的學習策略：問題導向學習的教學設計模式。教學科技與媒體，55，58-71。
41. 徐靜嫻(2009)。問題導向學習理論與實務的反思：以輔大師資培育為例。台北:高等教育出版社。
42. 梁繼權(2008)。PBL教師手冊。台北:國立台灣大學醫學院。
43. 符碧真(2000)。從美國醫學教育之歷史發展論師資培育之專業化。人文及社會科學，10(3)，378-402。
44. 陳國泰、王寶墉(2005)。問題導向學習的教學策略在國小師資學程「國語教材教法」課程之教學實驗研究。國民教育學報，1，163-192。
45. 陳毓凱、洪振方(2007)。兩種探究取向教學模式之分析與比較。科學教育月刊，305，4-19。
46. 陳鳳如(2008)。問題導向學習在大學生學習輔導上的應用。教育研究月刊，173，45-52。
47. 楊坤原、張賴妙理(2005)。問題本位學習的理論基礎與教學歷程。中原學報，332(2)，215-229。
48. 鄒國英、黃玉珠、林玉華(2007)。PBL教學實務：在台灣醫學院實施問題導向為基礎課程的經驗與反思。台北:輔仁大學出版社。
49. 賴明亮(2002)。以問題為導向之學習：成大經驗。台南:成功大學出版社。

1. 李翠玲(2019)。問題本位學習（PBL）在特殊教育師資培育之意涵與應用初探。特殊教育季刊，153，1-13。
2. 林珮如(2021)。以問題導向學習應用於特殊教育輔助科技課程之實踐成效。特殊教育研究學刊，46(2)，1-29。
3. 徐靜嫻(2020)。一個素養導向師培課程之實踐與反思：以PBL融入兒童文學課程為例。師資培育與教師專業發展期刊，13(2)，27-58。
4. 趙曉美(2021)。問題導向學習在輔導原理與實務課程之應用研究。教育研究與實踐學刊，68(2)，1-32。
5. (2019)。導入專題式學習之課程設計與成效：以溝通藝術課程為例。靜宜人文社會學報，13(2)，147-177。
6. (2021)。應用系統理論於口語表達學習：融入磨課『生』與廣播製作至溝通藝術課程。靜宜人文社會學報，15(2)，153-182。