供應鏈協同合作研究之夏普利成本重新分配

Cost Allocation in a Supply Chain Collaboration Approach Using the Shapley Value

10.6295/TAMJ.2012.1201.02

陳放子(Fang-Tzu Chen)；耿伯文(Victor B. Kreng)

夏普利 ； 供應鏈管理 ； 協同合作 ； 存貨管理 ； Shapley value ； supply chain management ； collaboration ； inventory management

台灣管理學刊

12卷1期（2012 / 02 / 01）

27 - 45

繁體中文

本文討論單一製造商、物流中心及零售商之二階與三階整合配銷系統，有關經濟訂購量、運送批量及運送批次及相關總成本之比較。三階模型整合有效降低成本，所節省成本分享機制透過成本重新分配而達成。本文用賽局夏普利值（shapley vaule）將三階整合模型各成員之成本重新分配。各成員重新分配後之成本與其他運送策略比較，可以發現，三階整合模式是最佳合作方式，為合理且接近實務之可行模式。整個物流系統更具競爭力，降低供應鏈中總相關成本，達到系統成本最小化。

This study specifically focuses on the decisions of economic order quantity, shipment sizes, and number of shipments, which are made under a two-echelon and three-echelon supply chain among manufacturer, distribution center, and retailer. A three-echelon integrated model is the best cooperative way. The relevant total cost is lowest. A saving-sharing mechanism, through an allocated cost scheme can be achieved among channel participants. This paper allocates the cost of every party by Shapley vaule. Every member’s cost will be reduced in the three-echelon model compares with a two-echelon delivery policy. The three-echelon delivery policy are feasible way which is close to the practice.

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