The association between smoking and secondary or recurrent stroke: A systematic review

腦卒中複發與持續吸煙關係的系統評價

10.6729/MJN.201912_18(1_2).004

賀惠娟(Huijuan He)；Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

stroke ； tobacco use ； systematic review ； prevention ； 腦卒中 ； 吸煙 ； 系統評價 ； 腦卒中預防

澳門護理雜誌

18卷1-2期（2019 / 12 / 01）

38 - 48

英文

Objective: The objectives of this study was to examine the association between continued smoking and secondary/recurrent stroke. Methods: Scientific articles published prior to February 2018 on smoking and secondary stroke were reviewed. PubMed and China National Knowledge Internet databases were used for literature searches, using the following key terms: ＂stroke＂, ＂cerebral vascular accident＂, ＂smoking＂, ＂tobacco use＂, ＂smokeless tobacco use＂, ＂secondary stroke＂, ＂repeat stroke＂, ＂second stroke＂. Results: Nine studies were retrieved and analyzed. All studies included patients with ischemic stroke. The rates of smoking among patients with a recurrent stroke ranged from 14% to 84%. There was a relationship between current smoking and an increased risk for a secondary stroke. No difference was found in the risk for a subsequent stroke between quitters and continued smokers. Conclusions: The findings of this review infer that continued smoking is related to an increased risk for a recurrent/secondary stroke, especially among ischemic stroke patients. The findings stress the important role of nurses in educating patients and other health care providers about the relationship between smoking cessation and stroke prevention. Furthermore, this review highlights the role of nurses to advocate for tobacco control policies and smoking cessation support, which will help reduce the risk of primary or secondary stroke.

目的：研究持續吸煙與腦卒中複發的關係。方法：以“腦卒中”、“腦血管意外”、“吸煙”、“二次卒中”、“中風”、“中風複發”的中英文為關鍵字檢索PubMed和中國知網資料庫於2018年2月前發表的相關文章，制定納入和排除文獻標準。結果：納入9篇文獻進行系統評價。文獻中的研究對象均為缺血性腦卒中患者，卒中複發患者吸煙率為14%～84%；持續吸煙可增加卒中複發的風險，但是，卒中複發的概率在已戒煙的腦卒中患者與持續吸煙的腦卒中患者間沒有明顯差異性。結論：持續吸煙會增加卒中複發的可能性，尤其是在缺血性腦卒中患者中。護士應加強對腦卒中患者及其他健康照護人員的關於戒煙與腦卒中預防間關係的健康教育。同時，護士應致力於控煙政策及戒煙支持工作，這將有助於降低腦卒中的發生。