社工員執行智能障礙者性侵害防治工作所面臨的困境與需求

The Barriers and Challenges in Implementing Social Workers' Role in Working with the Sexual Abused Victims with Intellectual Disabilities

10.6171/ntuswr2009.19.02

劉文英(Wen-Ying Liou)

性侵害 ； 智能障礙 ； 跨專業合作團隊 ； 社工人員 ； sexual abuse ； intellectual disabilities ； multidisciplinary team ； social worker

臺大社會工作學刊

19期（2009 / 06 / 01）

41 - 85

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討性侵害防治中心社工人員處遇智能障礙者受害個案所面臨的服務困境與改變需求。研究方法採用質性研究法的焦點團體訪談針對35位社工員與6位教育人員蒐集資料。研究結果發現社政體系所面臨的困境在社工員本身為：(1)欠缺瞭解智能障礙者之知能及(2)是否報案之立場兩難。在跨專業團隊合作的困境則為其他專業對社工員的高期待所造成之壓力。而社政體系所面臨的需求在社工員本身為：(1)加強社工員專業訓練；(2)落實後續個案管理工作；(3)加強智能障礙成人社區庇護工作。在跨專業團隊合作的需求則為需要特殊教育專業的協助與資源的整合。最後文中亦探討了對實務工作的建議。

The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers and challenges facing with social workers working with sexual-abused victims with intellectual disabilities. The data was collected from thirty-five social workers and six educators working with these victims. This study employed a qualitative method-focus-group interviews-to collect data. The results showed that the barriers resulted from social workers themselves include: (1) the deficiency of professional knowledge about the characteristics of victims with intellectual disabilities, and (2) the dilemma such as whether to report the victim. A barrier factor resulted from cooperating with other professionals was the pressure due to the high expectation from other professionals. Five challenges toward social-work service system were arrived include the strategies to prevent more people with intellectual disability from sexual victimization. Three challenges concluded from findings about social workers themselves include: (1) to improve the in-service training for social workers, (2) to emphasize on case-management of victims, (3) to improve community protection initiatives for adults with intellectual disability. Two more challenges were found about the systematic and cooperative service-mechanism building. Social workers reflected that there is a need on special education teachers to help them communicate with the victims. Also, the integration of resources would be helpful for the implementation of social work. Finally, the suggestions toward practices were detailed in this paper.

1. 周月清(2006)。現行居住政策檢視－以推動智能障礙者社區居住與生活為例。東吳社會工作學報，15，155-189。
   連結：
2. 彭淑華(2007)。機構安置：保護他（她）？傷害他（她）？－兒童少年保護工作人員眼中之機構虐待圖像。東吳社會工作學報，16，1-36。
   連結：
3. 劉文英(2008)。性侵害防治相關體系處遇智能障礙被害案件在司法上所面臨的困境與需求。臺大社工學刊，17，93-130。
   連結：
4. Anderson, L. E.,Weston, E. A.,Doueck, H. J.,Krause, D. J.(2002).The child-centered social worker and the sexually abused child: Pathway to healing.Social Work,47,368-378.
5. Baladerian, N. J.(1994).Abuse and neglect of children with disabilities.Raleigh, NC:ARCH National Resource Center.
6. Cheung, K. M.,Stevenson, K. M.,Leung, P.(1991).Competency-based evaluation of case-management skills in child sexual abuse intervention.Child Welfare,70,425-435.
7. Faller, K. C.,Henry, J.(2000).Child sexual abuse: A case study in community collaboration.Child Abuse & Neglect,24,1215-1225.
8. Fargason, C. A.,Barnes, D.,Schneider, D.,Galloway, B. W.(1994).Enhancing multiagency collaboration in the management of child sexual abuse.Child Abuse & Neglect,18,859-869.
9. Fryer, G. E.,Poland, J. E.,Bross, D. C.,Krugman, R. D.(1988).The child protective service worker: A profile of needs, attitudes, and utilization of professional resources.Child Abuse & Neglect,12,481-490.
10. Furey, E. M.(1994).Sexual abuse of adults with mental retardation: Who and where.Mental Retardation,32,173-180.
11. Goldman, R. L.(1994).Children and youth with intellectual disabilities: Targets for sexual abuse.international Journal of Disability, Development and Education,41,89-102.
12. Hibbard, R. A.,Zollinger, T. W.(1990).Patterns of child sexual abuse knowledge among professionals.Child Abuse & Neglect,14,347-355.
13. Jacobson, M.(2001).Child sexual abuse and the multidisciplinary team approach:Contradictions in practice.Childhood,8,231-250.
14. Jaudes, P. K.,Martone, M.(1992).Interdisciplinary evaluations of alleged sexual abuse cases.Pediatrics,89,1164-1168.
15. Keilty, J.,Connelly, G.(2001).Making a statement: An exploratory study of barriers facing women with an intellectual disability when making a statement about sexual assault to police.Disability & Society,16,273-291.
16. Mason, M. A.(1992).Social workers as expert witnesses in child sexual abuse cases.Social Work,37,30-34.
17. McCormack, B.,Kavanagh, D.,Caffrey, S.,Power, A.(2005).Investigating sexual abuse: Findings of a 15-year longitudinal study.Journal of Applied Research in intellectual Disability,18,217-227.
18. Moran-Ellis, J.,Fielding, N.(1996).A national survey of the investigation of child sexual abuse.British Journal of Social Workers,26,337-356.
19. Orelove, F. P.,Hollahan, D. J.,Myles, K. T.(2000).Maltreatment of children with disabilities: Training needs for a collaborative response.Child Abuse & Neglect,24,185-194.
20. Saunders, E. J.(1988).A comparative study of attitudes toward child sexual abuse among social work and judicial system professionals.Child Abuse & Neglect,12,83-90.
21. Sheppard, D. I.,Zangrillo, P. A.(1996).Coordinating investigations of child abuse.Public Welfare, Winter,21-32.
22. Sobsey, D.,Doe, T.(1991).Patterns of sexual abuse and assault.Sexuality and Disability,9,243-259.
23. Sullivan, R.,Clancy, T.(1990).An experimental evaluation of interdisciplinary training in intervention with sexually abused adolescents.Health & Social Work,15,207-214.
24. Tharinger, D.,Horton, C. B.,Millea, S.(1990).Sexual abuse and exploitation of children and adults with mental retardation and other handicaps.Child Abuse & Neglect,14,301-312.
25. Trute, B.,Adkins, E.,MacDonald, G.(1992).Professional attitudes regarding the sexual abuse of children; Comparing police, child welfare and community mental health.Child Abuse & Neglect,16,359-368.
26. Wagner, W. G.(1987).Child sexual abuse: A multidisciplinary approach to case management.Child sexual abuse: A multidisciplinary approach to case management,65,435-439.
27. 內政部(2003)。性侵害案件減少被害人重複陳述作業要點工作手冊。臺北:內政部家庭暴力及性侵害防治委員會。
28. 人口統計
29. 中華民國九十四年八月五日臺內防字第0940065895號函發布
30. 列冊身心障礙者人數統計
31. 性侵害犯罪事件通報被害人數統計
32. 王燦槐(2005)。性侵害防治中心在司法流程中的角色－減少性侵害被害人重複陳述作業之評析。亞洲家庭暴力與性侵害期刊，1，111-136。
33. 王燦槐(2003)。制定我國性侵害防治中心社工標準化流程的歷程：一個參與者的觀察。社會文化學報，17，49-66。
34. 王燦槐(2003)。我國性侵害防治工作之問題與改革－官方性侵害防治的組織設計。社會文化學報，16，41-68。
35. 中華民國九十六年七月十一日華總（一）義字第09600087331號令公布
36. 中華民國八十六年一月二十二日華總（一）義字第8600016230號令公布
37. 中華民國九十四年二月五日華總（一）義字第09400017721號令公布
38. 姚淑文、張錦麗(2004)。「性侵害案件減少被害人重複陳述方案」推動後的結果與未來發展方向。律師雜誌，301，40-54。
39. 孫一信、林美薰(2001)。智障者遭受性侵害創傷心理輔導系列－輔導制度之建立研討會會議實錄。臺北:中華民國智障者家長總會。
40. 高鳳仙(2006)。我國性侵害受害兒童保護之政策回顧與展望。律師雜誌，322，57-75。
41. 劉文英(2005)。內政部家庭暴力及性侵害防治委員會九十四年度委託研究報告內政部家庭暴力及性侵害防治委員會九十四年度委託研究報告,未出版

1. 林佩瑾(2019)。突破障礙還是創造障礙？社會工作觀點對臺灣智能障礙者性侵害防治服務的省思。亞洲家庭暴力與性侵害期刊，15(2)，65-94。
2. (2016)。特殊教育教師知覺的性侵害防治政策執行之困境分析。教育政策論壇，19(2)，125-155。