舊聞中找新聞：從訪問者角度看廣電新聞訪問互文性

In Search of News on Old News: The Interviewer's Perspective of Intertextuality in Broadcast News Interviews

10.6430/CMR.201101.0003

江靜之(Chin-Chih Chiang)

互文性 ； 文類 ； 訪問設計 ； 新聞報導 ； 廣電新聞訪問 ； broadcast news interview ； genre ； intertextuality ； interview design ； news texts

傳播與管理研究

10卷2期（2011 / 01 / 01）

3 - 36

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討廣電新聞訪問者如何於訪問前透過新聞報導文本，設計有新聞性的訪問。不同以往互文分析多採文本分析法，本研究使用深度訪談法，透過對十名資深廣電新聞訪問者的訪談資料，探究訪問者如何汲取新聞互文文本，設計新聞訪問，以及新聞互文性受到哪些限制。本研究發現新聞報導與廣電新聞訪問之文類互文有助訪問者定位訪問，同時在訪問時間、受訪者及媒介考量下展開互文實踐。此外，廣電新聞訪問互文性主要受到閱聽人求新、在新聞及媒體競爭壓力下求異，以及受訪者求達自身目的等三方面的限制。

The purpose of this study is to explore how broadcast news interviewers design news interviews by making use of news texts. Different from majority of intertextual researches using text analysis, this study adopts in-depth interviews with ten senior news interviewers to analyze how the intertextual news texts are chosen and constrained. This study finds that news interviewers define the interview through the genre intertextual relation between broadcast news interviews and news reports, and the intertextual practices are under the consideration of time, interviewees, and media characteristics. Moreover, the intertextuality of broadcast news interviews is constrained by the imagination of audience, the competition from other news media, and interviewees.

1. 江靜之(2009)。廣電新聞訪問之機構情境與訪問設計。新聞學究，99，119-168。
   連結：
2. 邱宜儀、蘇蘅(2009)。政治名人與媒體：馬英九報導的新聞框架初探。新聞學研究，99，1-45。
   連結：
3. 姜炫煥、邱瑞杰（2007 年4 月28 日）。〈呂大罵：政策買票最可恥〉，《聯合報》，A2 版。
4. Bell, A.(1991).The language of news media.Oxford:Blackwell.
5. Bell, Allan(ed.),Garrett, Peter(ed.)(1998).Approaches to media discourse.Oxford, U.K:Blackwell.
6. Boden, Deirdre(ed.),Zimmerman, Don H.(ed.)(1991).Talk and Social Structure: Studies in Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis.Oxford:Polity Press.
7. Clayman, S. E.(1990).From talk to text: newspaper accounts of reporter-source interactions.Media, Culture and Society,12,79-103.
8. Clayman, S. E.(2002).Tribune of the people: maintaining the legitimacy of aggressive journalism. Media.Culture & Society,24,197-216.
9. Clayman, S. E.(2004).Arenas of interaction in the mediated public sphere.Poetics,32,29-49.
10. Clayman, S. E.,Heritage, J.(2002).The news interviews: journalists and public figures on the air.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
11. Drew, Paul(ed.),Heritage, John(ed.)(1992).Talk at work: Iinteraction in institutional settings.New York:Cambridge University Press.
12. Ekström, M.(2002).Epistemologies of TV journalism.Journalism,3(3),259-282.
13. EkstrÖm, M.(2001).Politicians interviewed on television news.Discourse & Society,12(5),563-584.
14. EkstrÖm, Mats,Kroon, Åsa,(ed.),Nylund, Mats(ed.)(2006).News from the interview society.Sweden:Nordicom.
15. Fairclough, N.(1989).Language and power.London:Longman.
16. Fairclough, N.(1995).Critical Discourse Analysis; the Critical Study of Language.New York:Longman.
17. Fairclough, N.(1992).Discourse and social change.Cambridge, MA:Polity Press.
18. Fariclough, N.(1995).Media discourse.New York:Arnold.
19. Garrison, B.(1992).Professional News Reporting.New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
20. Gunnarsson, B. L. (ed.),Linell, P.(ed.),Nordberg, B.(ed.)(1997).The construction of professional discourse.London:Longman.
21. Heritage, J.(1984).Garfinkel and ethnomethodology.Cambridge:Polity Press.
22. Heritage, J.,Roth, A.(1995).Grammar and institution: questions and questioning in the broadcast news interview.Research on Language and Social Interaction,28(1),1-60.
23. Huang, Y. K.(2008).Exploration the position and vale of the animation-cartoon industry in China TV news communication.China Media Research,4(2),1-12.
24. Killenberg, G. M.、Anderson, R.、李子新譯(1992)。報導之前 : 新聞工作者採訪傳播的技巧。台北:遠流。
25. Kong, K. C. C.(2006).Property transaction report: news, advertisement or a new genre?.Discourse Studies,8(6),771-796.
26. Li, J.(2009).Intertextuality and national identity: discourse of national conflicts in daily newspapers in the United States and China.Discourse & Society,20(1),85-121.
27. Liddicoat, A. J.,Scrimgeour, A.(2008).Intertextuality in Chinese high school students' essay writing.Language and Education,22(6),380-392.
28. McNair, B.(2000).Journalism and democracy: an evaluation of the political public sphere.London:Routledge.
29. Meinhof, U. H.(ed.),Smith, J.(ed.)(2000).Intertextuality and the media: from genre to everyday life.Manchester:Manchester University Press.
30. Moi, T.(ed.)(1986).The Kristeva reader.New York:Columbia University Press.
31. Ott, B.,Walter, C.(2000).Intertextuality: interpretive practice and textual strategy.Critical Studies in Media Communication,17(4),429-446.
32. Roth, A. L.(1998).Who makes the news? Descriptions of television news interviewees' public personae.Media, Culture & Society,20,79-107.
33. Scannell, P.(1996).Radio, television and modern life: a phenomenological approach.Oxford, UK:Blackwell.
34. Scannell, Paddy(ed.)(1991).Broadcast talk.London:Sage.
35. Schudson, M.(2003).The sociology of news.New York:Norton.
36. Schudson, M.(1994).Question authority: a history of the news interview in American journalism, 1860s-1930s.Media, Culture & Society,16,565-587.
37. Solin, A.(2004).Intertextuality as mediation: on the analysis of intertextual relations in pubic discourse.Text,24(2),267-296.
38. Tolson, A.(2001)." Authentic" talk in broadcast news: the construction of community.The Communication Review,4,463-480.
39. van Dijk, T. A.(1988).News Analysis: Case Studies of International and National News in the Press.New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
40. van Dijk, Teun A.(ed.)(1985).Handbook of discourse.London:Academic Press.
41. 江靜之(2005)。政治大學新聞研究所。

1. 陳雅惠(2019)。新聞網摘型懶人包超文本敘事新方向初探。資訊社會研究，37，87-119。
2. 江靜之(2012)。報紙新聞如何自電視政治訪談選材？以台灣2010 年五都市長候選人專訪新聞為例。新聞學研究，111，1-42。
3. 江靜之(2013)。政治候選人電視專訪之報紙新聞引述分析：以台灣四大報為例。新聞學研究，114，79-125。