"Burnout" in Intensive Care Nurses

加護病房護理人員"疲潰"之探討

陳淑銘(Shu-Ming Chen)；Anne McMurray

疲潰 ； 情緒耗盡 ； 工作壓力 ； 壓力克服 ； Burnout ； emotional exhaustion ； job stress ； coping

The Journal of Nursing Research

9卷5期（2001 / 12 / 01）

152 - 164

英文

此篇研究之目的是為探討加護病房護理人員之人口學與工作疲潰（情緒耗盡、去人性化、低成就感）間的相關性，藉此研究也希望能提醒目前在加護病房之護理人員及醫院主管高度注意此問題。研究中藉由相關性敘述分析來探討護理人員疲潰與不同之人口學問的相關性。68位加護病房護理人員分別來自兩所醫療院所及某大學加護專業科目之護理系學生，且必須目前就職於加護病房者來完成問卷。研究工具包括人口學資料及Maslack Burnout Inventory。統計分析使non-parametric test。此研究結果顯示三項會影響加護人員疲潰的因素，此三項分別為：年齡、婚姻狀況及工作角色，分數從低到中之程度，且在研究中呈現年紀較輕之樣本（20-29歲），分居或離婚及執行全職工作於加護病房中的護理人員較多傾向會有情緒耗盡之現象。研究發現建議加護病房護理人員可藉由改善情緒耗盡而減緩人員疲潰的發生。進一步的研究建議探討加護病房之環境因子（工作壓力源）與疲潰問的相關因素。

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between burnout components and selected demographic variables in a group of intensive care unit nurses. This research hopes to heighten awareness of both intensive care nurses and hospital administrators of the importance of burnout in their work setting. A descriptive correlational study design was used to examine the extent of burnout according to selected demographic variables. Sixty-eight intensive care nurses from two hospitals and critical care courses at one university completed a demographic data form and the research questionnaire of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests. Study results indicated low to moderate levels of total component scores in all intensive care nurses and on all three subscales of the assessment instrument. Results also indicated that, in this sample, younger nurses (20-29 years of age), separated and divorced nurses, and staff who work full time in ICUs were the most prone to emotional exhaustion. These research findings recommend support for ICU nurses to prevent burnout in their work setting. Further research is necessary to examine what kinds of working environments (job related stress) are effective in mitigating burnout amongst staff in the intensive care field.

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