A Study of Role Stress, Organizational Commitment and Intention to Quit Among Male Nurses in Southern Taiwan

台灣南部地區男性護理人員角色壓力、組織承諾與離職傾向之相關研究

駱俊宏(Jiunn-Horng Lou)；余幸宜(Hsing-Yi Yu)；許秀月(Hsiu-Yueh Hsu)；戴宏達(Hung-Da Dai)

男性護理人員 ； 角色壓力 ； 組織承諾 ； 離職傾向 ； male nurses ； role stress ； organizational commitment ； intention to quit

The Journal of Nursing Research

15卷1期（2007 / 03 / 01）

43 - 53

英文

性別與性別角色刻板印象，往往侷限男性護理人員在護理專業上的發展。本研究目的在瞭解男性護理人員之人口學變項與角色壓力、組織承諾與離職傾向之相關性及三個依變項的相關性。最後，並找出影響離職傾向的預測因子。研究採橫斷性、郵寄問卷方式，針對台灣南部在職男護士共91位進行普查，有效問卷76份，回收率83.5%。研究結果發現：一、男性護理人員感受到最大的角色壓力源依次來自病患、同事及社區，整體角色壓力感受為中上之程度。二、男性護理人員交換性組織承諾低於規範性組織承諾，對其執業機構整體組織承諾程度都有中度以上。三、促使台灣南部地區男性護理人員離職傾向最主要之因子依序為：護理專業多為女性所從事之刻板印象、為了繼續進修、有其他不同性質的工作機會等。男護士角色壓力與離職傾向呈顯著相關。所有變項中，只有角色壓力及服務年資可預測男性護理人員離職傾向，解釋度為33.8%。建議各級學校教育及社會中，應增加兩性平等議題的課程及討論，減少性別刻版印象對男護士造成的角色壓力。此外，應給予男性護理人員心理輔導及建立角色模範制度，以減少因為性別角色壓力而離職的比率。

Gender and sex role stereotyping are recognized as having the potential to limit the professional development of males within the nursing profession. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between demographic data and the dimensions of role stress, organizational commitment, and intentions to quit among male nurses in southern Taiwan. Research also investigated the correlations with three dependent variables and identified best predictors of male nurse intentions to quit the nursing profession. A total of 91 male nurses volunteered to participate in this cross-sectional research. Research results were based on data collected from questionnaires sent by mail to participants. A total of 76 valid questionnaires were returned and used in analysis (response rate=83.5%). Findings pointed to patients, colleagues and society as the major sources of role stress for male nurses. These sources of stress, and the resultant intention to quit on the part of male nurses, are due in significant part to the widespread stereotyping of the profession of nursing as a ”woman's occupation”. Such stress pressures male nurses to consider quitting to take jobs in other professional fields. Role stress is correlated to intention to quit among male nurses. Role stress and years of service are highly relevant predictors of male nurse intention to quit and leave the nursing profession, explaining 33.8% of variability. We suggest that at various levels of education and society, promotion of male and female equality should be increased. There is also a need for psychological consultation as well as the promotion of male nurse role models to prevent male nurses turning away from nursing careers.

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