An Investigation into Competence in TCM of BSN Graduates from Technological Universities in Taiwan

台灣技職大學畢業護生應具備之中醫知能初探

葉怡君(Yi-Chun Yeh)；鍾聿琳(Ue-Lin Chung)

中醫 ； 知能 ； 護理學士學位 ； Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM ； competences ； Bachelor of Science in Nursing BSN

The Journal of Nursing Research

15卷4期（2007 / 12 / 01）

310 - 318

英文

本研究目的在探討台灣技職大學畢業護生，應具備何種中醫知能。研究方法分二階段，包括「焦點團體」與「專家座談」。首先，我們舉行四場「焦點團體」，對象有消費者、護理人員及臨床指導老師，共31人。會談結果以錄音帶轉錄出，再行內容分析。得出初步結果後，再邀請4位學界專家進行「專家座談」討論。結果指出，技職大學畢業護生應具備九項中醫知能，包括：(1)認識中醫的基本理論，如陰陽五行、整體觀、五臟六腑、經絡、病因學、治療觀、與養生保健概念；(2)認識常見食物的冷熱屬性；(3)認識可以提升免疫力的常見食物，如配合四季天候變化選擇食物、產後與術後可以恢復體力的食物；(4)認識常使用的中藥材種類，包括人蔘、枸杞、黃耆、當歸、菊花、甘草、紅棗的藥性、作用與注意事項；(5)認識常使用的四物湯與生化湯的作用、副作用、服用時機；(6)說明並指導中、西藥使用的基本原則；(7)認識中醫常見的技術，包括針灸、刮痧、拔罐的操作目的與注意事項；(8)執行穴位按壓緩解不適症狀，如疼痛、嘔吐、失眠、心悸；(9)願意以開放及審慎的態度，尊重消費者使用中醫。

The purpose of this study was to determine what competences in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) should be possessed by Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) graduates from technological universities in Taiwan. There were two phases in this study: focus groups and expert panel discussion. First, we held four focus groups, and interviewed 31 participants, including consumers, nursing staff and clinical nursing faculty. The interview tapes were transcribed verbatim, were proofed for accuracy and the content was analyzed. The results were then discussed by four academic experts in a panel discussion. Results indicated that the TCM competences of BSN graduates from technological universities should include the following: (1) to understand the basic concepts of TCM, including Yin/Yang, the Five Evolutive Phases, holistic view, the Five Viscera and Six Bowels, Meridians, etiology, and concepts of therapy and health preservation; (2) to recognize the cold and hot nature of food; (3) to illustrate the common dietetic care for immune enhancement in the four seasons, and the foods that help postnatal and postoperative physical regeneration; (4) to illustrate the properties, indications, and administration of common Chinese medicines, including: Ginseng, Lycium, Astragalus, Angelica sinensis (danggui), Chrysanthemum, Pinellia, Zizyphi fructus; (5) to describe the properties, indications, adverse effects, and administration of Siwutang and Shenghuatang; (6) to describe basic principles of administering both Chinese medicine andWestern medicine; (7) to describe the indications and cautions of the following techniques: acupuncture, scraping therapy, and cupping; (8) to implement acupressure as a measure for promoting comfort under the following conditions: pain, vomiting, insomnia, palpitations; and (9) to demonstrate an openmind and cautious attitude to respect consumers using TCM. Results of the study can serve as a reference for nurse educators when training BSN graduates from technological universities in TCM competences.

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