Application of Reminiscence Treatment on Older People with Dementia: A Case Study in Pingtung, Taiwan

懷舊處遇在失智老人服務之運用－台灣屏東團體個案研究

黃松林(Song-Lin Huang)；李志明(Chih-Ming Li)；楊秋燕(Chiu-Yen Yang)；陳家進(Jia-Jin J. Chen)

懷舊處遇 ； 社會團體工作 ； 參與感 ； reminiscence treatment ； social group work ； feeling of participation

The Journal of Nursing Research

17卷2期（2009 / 06 / 01）

112 - 119

英文

懷舊治療已在失智老人服務工作運用多年，本研究之目的是探討成員在受團體處遇後之人際互動、社會參與、團體成員之認知功能提昇情形、及進一步使憂鬱症狀減輕情形；另外，亦期採用腦波(electroencephalography, EEG)來測量處遇前後之效果。本研究運用懷舊處遇組成一個團體，從屏東某一老人之家90個老人中，選擇12位輕、中度失智老人參與，11位老人同意參與本項研究，惟僅10人完成所有團體處遇。總計進行8次團體處遇，參與者皆在8次團體處遇後接受腦電圖、簡易智能狀態測驗、憂鬱量表及參與感量表測量。8次處遇後，發現有顯著性之差異，特別是腦波測量結果，腦部快波平均值在處遇後由43.88 升至55.12，腦部慢波平均值由56.12降至44.13，經Wilcoxon matched paired測試分析結果顯示有顯著性差異。研究發現及建議說明如下：受服務者簡易智能狀態測驗(Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE)量表分數有提昇，憂鬱症量表有降低的現象但未達顯著性水準；受服務者在團體中對自我成就感、情感穩定情形、家庭式氣氛與生理需求能獲得顯著滿足。此外，作者建議懷舊團體工作應可在老人之家推廣；古早味可為懷舊團體工作極佳的基礎內容；而每週二次懷舊團體活動將可能是主要型態。

Reminiscence therapy has been utilized for many years in the treatment of dementia in older people. Purposes of the research included examining different methods of promoting interactivity, social participation, cognitive function improvement in those with dementia, and the effectiveness in reducing symptoms of depression following group treatment. This study used pretest and posttest electroencephalography (EEG) measurements to test reminiscence therapy efficacy on participants. This research organized a social group work with 12 elderly clients with dementia (mild to moderate stage) selected from among 90 residents of an older persons care facility in Pingtung. Eleven agreed to join the study, and 10 completed successfully all treatment sessions. Eight sessions of reminiscence cooking lessons were conducted. The effectiveness of interventions was evaluated by comparing presession and postsession EEG, mental health status, depression scale, and feeling of participation scale scores. Significant differences in values, particularly for EEG, were found between the two sets of scores. The average value of participants' fast waves rose from 43.88 to 55.12, whereas average slow-wave values fell from 56.12 to 44.13. After analysis using the Wilcoxon matched paired signed rank test, significant differences were noted. Findings and suggestions include the following: (a) The rise in Mini- Mental State Examination and reduction in depression scale scores, although noted, were not significant, and (b) the self-achievement, emotional stability, family atmosphere, and physical needs of participants were met. The authors recommend that reminiscence group work be promoted in the home for older persons and that childhood cooking sessions twice each week may be the ideal format for reminiscence group work.

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