Correlation Between Critical Thinking Disposition and Mental Self-Supporting Ability in Nursing Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

護理本科生評判性思維能力與心理自立的相關性分析－橫斷面調查研究

10.1097/jnr.0000000000000140

吳德芳(Defang Wu)；羅陽(Yang Luo)；廖昕宇(Xinyu Liao)

critical thinking ； mental self-supporting ； undergraduate ； nursing students ； 評判性思維 ； 心理自立 ； 本科生 ； 護理專業學生

The Journal of Nursing Research

25卷1期（2017 / 02 / 01）

68 - 75

英文

Background: There is universal agreement on the essential role of critical thinking in nursing practice. Most studies into this topic have provided descriptive statistical information and insights on related external factors such as educational environment and teaching strategies. However, there has been limited research into the psychological factors that may predict the disposition of students toward critical thinking. Purpose: This study explored the relationship between the disposition of nursing students toward critical thinking and their mental self-supporting ability to obtain a profile and determine the psychological predictors of critical thinking. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2013 using a convenience sample from four nursing schools. Four hundred six Chinese nursing undergraduates completed two questionnaires including (a) the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (Chinese version) and (b) the Mental Self-Supporting Questionnaire for University Students. Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between these two variables and the predicted positive psychological qualities for the critical thinking disposition of participants. Results: Average participant scores for critical thinking disposition and mental self-supporting were 280.91 ± 28.43 and 76.40 ± 8.47, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between these two variables (r = .583, p ＜.01) and participants' self-decision, self-cognition, self-confidence, and self-responsibility, which suggest that these factors play a significant role in critical thinking disposition (R^2 = .435, p ＜.01). Conclusions: The participants earned midlevel scores for both disposition toward critical thinking and mental self-supporting abilities. The four factors that had a major influence on critical thinking disposition included self-decision, self-cognition, self-confidence, and self-responsibility. Nursing educators should focus on improving the critical thinking ability of their students in these four aspects.

背景　評判性思維在護理實踐中扮演著重要角色已成共識。目前該方面研究多為現狀調查及其外在影響因素如教學方法、教育環境研究，而關於其內在心理預測因數的研究則少有報導。目的　探討護理本科生評判性思維傾向和心理自立現狀及二者之間的關係，研究護生評判性思維傾向的內在心理預測因素。方法　本研究採用便利抽樣方法，通過《中文版評判性思維傾向測量表》和《大學生心理自立問卷》對四所護理院校的406名護理本科生進行橫斷面調查。採用Pearson相關和多元線性回歸對數據結果進行分析。結果　護理本科生評判性思維和心理自立得分分別為280.91 ± 28.43分和76.40 ± 8.47分；二者得分呈正相關（r = .583, p ＜ .01）。心理自立中的自我做主、自我認識、自我堅信、自我負責4個維度對評判性思維傾向影響顯著（R^2= .435, p ＜ .01）。結論　護理本科生評判性思維及心理自立能力均處於中等水準，心理自立中自我做主、自我認識、自我堅信、自我負責對評判性思維影響較大，護理教育者應注重培養護生上述方面的心理特質。

1. Yeh, M. L.,Chen, H. H.(2003).Comparison affective dispositions toward critical thinking across Chinese and American baccalaureate nursing students.The Journal of Nursing Research,11(1),39-46.
   連結：
2. American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2008). The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Retrieved fromhttp://www.aacn.nche.edu/Education/pdf/Bacc Essentials08.pdf
3. American Philosophical Association(1990).Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction.Millbrae, CA:The California Academic Press.
4. Chen, S. L.,Liang, T.,Lee, M. L.,Liao, I. C.(2011).Effects of concept map teaching on students' critical thinking and approach to learning and studying.The Journal of Nursing Education,50(8),466-469.
5. Colucciello, M. L.(1997).Critical thinking skills and dispositions of baccalaureate nursing students-A conceptual model for evaluation.Journal of Professional Nursing,13(4),236-245.
6. Du, L. X.(2011)。China, PRC，Fujian Normal University。
7. Du, W.(Ed.)(2013).Informatics and management science II.London, England:Springer.
8. Eales-Reynolds, L. J.,Gillham, D.,Grech, C.,Clarke, C.,Cornell, J.(2012).A study of the development of critical thinking skills using an innovativeweb 2.0 tool.Nurse Education Today,32(7),752-756.
9. Facione, P. A.,Facione, N. C.(1992).The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory.Millbrae, CA:California Academic Press.
10. Fero, L. J.,O'Donnell, J. M.,Zullo, T. G.,Dabbs, A. D.,Kitutu, J.,Samosky, J. T.,Hoffman, L. A.(2010).Critical thinking skills in nursing students: Comparison of simulation-based performance with metrics.Journal of Advanced Nursing,66(10),2182-2193.
11. Huang, X. T.、Lee, Y.(2001)。An exploratory research on selfsupporting consciousness of college students。Psychological Science，4，389-392。
12. Hunter, S.,Pitt, V.,Croce, N.,Roche, J.(2014).Critical thinking skills of undergraduate nursing students: Description and demographic predictors.Nurse Education Today,34(5),809-814.
13. Kawashima, A.,Petrini, M. A.(2004).Study of critical thinking skills in nursing students and nurses in Japan.Nurse Education Today,24(4),286-292.
14. Lee, M. N.(2006)。The introduction of structural equation model analysis tool (AMOS) and its application in scale development and test。Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC:Psychology Press。
15. Littlewood, W.(1996)."Autonomy": An anatomy and a framework.System,24(4),427-435.
16. Liu, W.H.(2006)。Wuhan, China, PRC，Huazhong University of Science and Technology。
17. Martyn, J.,Terwijn, R.,Kek, M. Y.,Huijser, H.(2014).Exploring the relationships between teaching, approaches to learning and critical thinking in a problem-based learning foundation nursing course.Nurse Education Today,34(5),829-835.
18. Pang, M. C. S.,Wong, T. K. S.,Ho, S. C. J.(2002).Changing economics and health worker training in modern China.The Yale-China Health Journal,1,61-84.
19. Peng, M.、Wang, G.、Chen, J.(2004)。Validity and reliability of the Chinese critical thinking disposition inventory。Chinese Journal of Nursing，39，644-647。
20. Scheffer, B. K.,Rubenfeld, M. G.(2000).A consensus statement on critical thinking in nursing.The Journal of Nursing Education,39(8),352-359.
21. Shi, X. L.(2011).Correlation between mental self-supporting and career choices amongcollege students.The Research and Practice of Health Care,4,36-38.
22. Tajvidi, M.,Ghiyasvandian, S.,Salsali, M.(2014).Probing concept of critical thinking in nursing education in Iran: A concept analysis.Asian Nursing Research,8(2),158-164.
23. Tiwari, A.,Avery, A.,Lai, P.(2003).Critical thinking disposition of Hong Kong Chinese and Australian nursing students.Journal of Advanced Nursing,44(3),298-307.
24. Ward, L. J.,Padgett, K.(2012).Developing a service user facilitated, interactive cases study-A reflective and evaluative account of a teaching method.Nurse Education Today,32(2),156-160.
25. Watson, G.,Glaser, E. M.(1980).Watson-Glaser critical thinking appraisal: Forms A and B.San Antonio, TX:Psychological Corporation.
26. Xia, L. X.(2003)。Chongqing, China, PRC.，Southwest University。
27. Xia, L. X.、Huang, X. T.、Wang, L.、Yang, H. S.(2011)。Selfsupporting personality and practical problem solving。Psychological Development and Education，27(1)，52-58。
28. Xia, L. X.,Liu, J.,Ding, C.,Hollon, S. D.,Shao, B. T.,Zhang, Q.(2012).The relation of self-supporting personality, enacted social support, and perceived social support.Personality and Individual Differences,52(2),156-160.
29. Yeh, M. L.(2002).Assessing the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory.International Journal of Nursing Studies,39(2),123-132.