The Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Stress Perception in Nurses in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic

10.1097/jnr.0000000000000454

Hatice KARABULAK；Fadime KAYA

pandemic ； nurse ； perceived stress ； psychological resilience

The Journal of Nursing Research

29卷6期（2021 / 12 / 01）

1 - 7

英文

Background: In Turkey, nurses are responsible for the treatment and care of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and for tracing their contacts. Healthcare professionals exposed to COVID-19 face high levels of stress. Purpose: This study was designed to determine the influence of psychological resilience and several sociodemographic and professional characteristics on stress perception in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study, which was conducted between June 16 and 29, 2020. Two hundred one nurses living in Turkey were enrolled as participants. Data were collected using an information form, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Brief Psychological Strength Scale. This study aligns with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Checklist. Results: According to the results of the multivariate linear regression analysis, the psychological resilience score of the participants accounted for 25.2% of the variance related to stress perception (p ＜ .05). However, several of the demographic and professional characteristics considered in this study were not found to statistically significantly influence stress perception (p ＞ .05). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The findings support that psychological resilience is significant in explaining perception of stress in nurses in Turkey. Interventions targeting psychological resilience are needed to reduce nurses' stress perceptions.

1. Aksoy, Y. E.,Koçak, V.(2020).Psychological effects of nurses and midwives due to COVID-19 outbreak: The case of Turkey.Archives of Psychiatric Nursing,34(2),427-433.
2. American Nurses Association. (2011). 2011 Health & safety survey-Hazards of the RN work environment. https://www.nursingworld.org/~48dd70/globalassets/docs/ana/health-safetysurvey_mediabackgrounder_2011.pdf
3. Bao, Y.,Sun, Y.,Meng, S.,Shi, J.,Lu, L.(2020).2019-nCoV epidemic: Address mental health care to empower society.The Lancet,395(10224),E37-E38.
4. Cai, H.,Tu, B.,Ma, J.,Chen, L.,Fu, L.,Jiang, Y.,Zhuang, Q.(2020).Psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan between January and march 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei, China.Medical Science Monitor,26
5. Çam, O.,Büyükbayram, A.(2017).Nurses' resilience and effective factors.The Journal of Psychiatric Nursing,8(2),118-126.
6. Cao, W.,Fang, Z.,Hou, G.,Han, M.,Xu, X.,Dong, J.,Zheng, J.(2020).The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China.Psychiatry Research,287,Article 112934.
7. Chekole, Y. A.,Yimer, S.,Mekuriaw, B.,Mekonnen, S.(2020).,未出版
8. Devi, S.(2020).Psychological resilience and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic lock down.Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture &Technology,12(4),2925-2933.
9. Doğan, T.(2015).Adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study.The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being,3(1),93-102.
10. Enli Tuncay, F.,Koyuncu, E.,Özel, Ş. A.(2020).Review of protective and risk factors affecting psychosocial health of health-care workers in pandemics.Ankara Medical Journal,20(2),488-504.
11. Eriş, H.,İnan, M. A.(2020).Covid-19 perceptions and attitudes of health workers in Turkey.Journal of Critical Reviews,7(12),1142-1150.
12. Eskin, M.,Harlak, H.,Demirkıran, F.,Dereboy, Ç.(2013).The adaptation of the perceived stress scale into Turkish: A reliability and validity analysis.New/Yeni Symposium Journal,51(3),132-140.
13. Graber, R.,Pichon, F.,Carabine, E.(2015).Psychological resilience: State of knowledge and future research agendas.Odi Working Paper,425
14. Hoedl, M.,Bauer, S.,Eglseer, D.(2020).,未出版
15. Kavi, E.,Karakale, B.(2018).Psychological resilience related to labor psychology.HAK-İŞ International Journal of Labour and Society,7(7),55-77.
16. Kılıç, N.,Şimşek, N.(2018).Psychological first aid and nursing.Journal of Psychiatric Nursing,9(3),212-218.
17. Labrague, L. J.,de Los Santos, J.(2020).Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses.Journal of Nursing Management,29(3),395-403.
18. Lai, J.,Ma, S.,Wang, Y.,Cai, Z.,Hu, J.,Wei, N.,Wu, J.,Du, H.,Chen, T.,Li, R.,Tan, H.,Kang, H.,Yao, L.,Huang, M.,Wang, H.,Wang, G.,Liu, Z.,Hu, S.(2020).Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease.JAMA Network Open,3(3),Article e203976.
19. Mo, Y.,Deng, L.,Zhang, L.,Lang, Q.,Liao, C.,Wang, N.,Qin, M.,Huang, H.(2020).Work stress among Chinese nurses to support Wuhan in fighting against COVID-19 epidemic.Journal of Nursing Management,28,1002-1009.
20. Neupane, M. S.,Angadi, S.,Joshi, A.,Neupane, H. C.(2020).Stress and anxiety among nurses working in tertiary care hospitals in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of Chitwan Medical College,10(3),8-11.
21. Özel, Y.,Karabulut Bay, A.(2018).Daily living and stress management.Turkish Journal of Health Sciences and Research,1(1),48-56.
22. Shen, X.,Zou, X.,Zhong, X.,Yan, J.,Li, L.(2020).Psychological stress of ICU nurses in the time of COVID-19.Critical Care,24,Article No. 200.
23. Smith, B. W.,Dalen, J.,Wiggins, K.,Tooley, E.,Christopher, P.,Bernard, J.(2008).The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back.International Journal of Behavioral Medicine,15(3),194-200.
24. Smith, G. D.,Ng, F.,Li, W. H. C.(2020).COVID-19: Emerging compassion, courage and resilience in the face of misinformation and adversity.Journal of Clinical Nursing,29(9-10),1425-1428.
25. Tehranian, A.(2018).The Chicago School of Professional Psychology.
26. Turkish Medical Association. (2020). If the rights of healthcare workers who get sick from COVID-19 cannot be protected, it means that no one can claim rights. https://www.ttb.org.tr/kollar/COVID19/haber_goster.php?Guid=eb366d92-8ad5-11ea-911b-f85bdc3fa683 (Original work published in Turkish)
27. Wadood, A., Mamun, A., Rafi, A., Islam, K., Mohd, S., Lee, L. L., & Hossain, G. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, practice and perception regarding COVID-19 among students in Bangladesh: Survey in Rajshahi University. MedRxiv. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.21.20074757
28. World Health Organization. (2020a). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses
29. World Health Organization. (2020c). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak situation. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
30. World Health Organization. (2020b).Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-51. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331475
31. Xiao, X.,Zhu, X.,Fu, S.,Hu, Y.,Li, X.,Xiao, J.(2020).Psychological impact of healthcare workers in China during COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic: A multi-center cross-sectional survey investigation.Journal of Affective Disorders,274,405-410.
32. Zhang, H. J.,Yin, L.,Peng, Y.,Chen, Q.,Lv, C.,Juan, L.,Fan, L.,Tong, T.,Liu, R.,Zhao, L.,Liang, T.,Tian, S.(2020).,未出版