Working Conditions and the Components of Burnout Among Nursing Staff in a Public Hospital in Mexico City

10.1097/jnr.0000000000000495

Brenda I. MOLINA ZAVALA；Mireya ZAMORA-MACORRA；Susana MARTÍNEZ ALCÁNTARA

working conditions ； stressors ； value of work ； burnout ； nursing

The Journal of Nursing Research

30卷4期（2022 / 08 / 01）

1 - 10

英文

Background: Working conditions in public hospitals in Mexico City are highly demanding. The need for healthcare is pressing, materials and instruments are scarce, and exposure to pain and suffering is constant. These adverse conditions have an adverse impact on the physical and mental health of healthcare professionals. The nursing staffs are among those who are most affected, and they frequently experience burnout syndrome or one of its several dimensions, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Purpose: The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among working conditions, related stress, and the dimensions of burnout syndrome in a tertiary care public hospital in Mexico City. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied on a random sample of 190 nurses in a public hospital in Mexico City. Working conditions and burnout syndrome were evaluated using standardized instruments. Adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated. Three clusters, one for each burnout dimension, were generated and then evaluated using a correspondence analysis with labor characteristics. Results: One quarter (25%) of the participants self-reported a sense of personal accomplishment, and 12% reported emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The labor variables that were found to be associated with the dimensions of burnout were workload, performing potentially hazardous work, and conducting tedious tasks. Positive conditions were shown to decrease the prevalence of burnout in all three dimensions. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Working conditions for nursing staff impact the mental health of nurses and affect the quality of the healthcare they provide. The set of work demands and stressors to which they are exposed should be controlled and modified to ensure a healthy work environment.

1. Adriaenssens, J.,De Gucht, V.,Maes, S.(2015).Determinants and prevalence of burnout in emergency nurses: A systematic review of 25 years of research.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(2),649-661.
2. Alqahtani, A. M.,Awadalla, N. J.,Alsaleem, S. A.,Alsamghan, A. S.,Alsaleem, M. A.(2019).Burnout syndrome among emergency physicians and nurses in Abha and Khamis Mushait Cities, Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia.Scientific World Journal,2019,Article ID 4515972.
3. Álvarez, V.,Lina, P.,Prieto, B.,Brigitte, M.(2013).Prevalence of professional burnout in nursing staff of a tertiary care hospital in Boyacá, Colombia.Enfermería Global,12(29),73-88.
4. André, B.,Frigstad, S.,Nøst, T.,Sjøvold, E.(2016).Exploring nursing staffs communication in stressful and non-stressful situations.Journal of Nursing Management,24(2),E175-E182.
5. Arias, W.,Muñoz, A.(2016).Burnout syndrome in nursing staff in Arequipa.Revista Cubana de Salud Pública,42(4),559-565.
6. Baldonedo-Mosteiro, M.,Almeida, M. C. D. S.,Baptista, P. C. P.,Sánchez-Zaballos, M.,Rodriguez-Diaz, F. J.,Mosteiro-Diaz, M. P.(2019).Burnout syndrome in Brazilian and Spanish nursing workers.Latin American Journal of Enfermagem,27,Article e3192.
7. Bernaldo-De-Quirós, M.,Piccini, A. T.,Gómez, M. M.,Cerdeira, J. C.(2015).Psychological consequences of aggression in pre-hospital emergency care: Cross sectional survey.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(1),260-270.
8. Bridgeman, P. J.,Bridgeman, M. B.,Barone, J.(2018).Burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals.American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy,75(3),147-152.
9. Cañadas-De la Fuente, G.,Vargas, C.,San Luis, C.,García, I.,Cañadas, G.,De la Fuente, E. I.(2015).Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in the nursing profession.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(1),240-249.
10. da Silva, J. L.,Soares Rda, S.,Costa Fdos, S.,Ramos Dde, S.,Lima, F. B.,Teixeira, L. R.(2015).Psychosocial factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing workers in intensive care units.Brazilian Journal of Intensive Care,27(2),125-133.
11. De Córdova, M. I.,Mier, N.,Quirarte, N. H.,Gómez, T. G.,Piñones, S.,Borda, A.(2013).Role and working conditions of nurses in public health in Mexico and Peru: A binational qualitative study.Journal of Nursing Management,21(8),1034-1043.
12. De la Fuente, E. I.,Lozano, L. M.,García-Cueto, E.,San Luis, C.,Vargas, C.,Cañadas, G. R.,Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A.,Hambleton, R. K.(2013).Development and validation of the Granada Burnout Questionnaire in Spanish police.International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology,13(3),216-225.
13. de Paiva, L. C.,Canário, A. C. G.,de Paiva China, E. L. C.,Gonçalves, A. K.(2017).Burnout syndrome in health-care professionals in a university hospital.Clinics,72(5),305-309.
14. Díaz, F.,Gómez, I. C.(2016).Research on burnout syndrome in Latin America between 2000 and 2010.Psychology from the Caribbean,33(1),113-131.
15. Escribà, V.,Más, R.,Cardenas, M.,Pérez, S.(1999).Validity of a job stressors measurement scale in nursing staff: The nursing stress scale.Gaceta Sanitaria,13(3),191-200.
16. García-Izquierdo, M.,Ríos-Rísquez, M.(2012).The relationship between psychosocial job stress and burnout in emergency departments: An exploratory study.Nursing Outlook,60(5),322-329.
17. Gill-Monte, P.(Ed.),Salanova, M.(Ed.),Aragón, J.(Ed.),Schaufeli, W.(Ed.)(2006).Working day: The syndrome of burn for him work in services social.Valencia Provincial Council.
18. Gómez-Urquiza, J. L.,De la Fuente-Solana, E. I.,Albendín-García, L.,Vargas-Pecino, C.,Ortega-Campos, E. M.,Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A.(2017).Prevalence of burnout syndrome in emergency nurses: A meta-analysis.Critical Care Nurse,37(5),e1-e9.
19. Gonzalez-Cruz, N.,Peñarrieta-de Córdova, M.,Castañeda-Hidalgo, H.,Flores-Barrios, F.,Gutierrez-Gomez, T.,Caballero-Rico, F.(2016).Quality of work life in primary care of nursing professionals in public health clinics in Tampico, Mexico.Journal of Hospital Administration,5(3),90-97.
20. Grisales, H.,Muñoz, Y.,Osorio, D.,Robles, E.(2016).Burnout syndrome in the nursing staff of a reference hospital Ibagué, Colombia, 2014.Global Nursing,15(41),244-257.
21. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. (2019). Statistical report 2019. Chapter VII. Health at work. http://www.imss.gob.mx/conoce-al-imss/memoria-estadistica-2019 (Original work published in Spanish)
22. Kakemam, E.,Raeissi, P.,Raoofi, S.,Soltani, A.,Sokhanvar, M.,Visentin, D.,Cleary, M.(2019).Occupational stress and associated risk factors among nurses: A cross-sectional study.Contemporary Nurse,55(2-3),237-249.
23. Li, H.,Yuan, B.,Meng, Q.,Kawachi, I.(2019).Contextual factors associated with burnout among Chinese primary care providers: A multilevel analysis.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,16(19),Article 3555.
24. Marsollier, R.(2013).Depersonalization and its influence in the processes of burnout at work.Journal Psychology.com,17(7),1-10.
25. Maslach, C.,Jackson, S.(1981).The measurement of experienced burnout.Journal of Occupational Behavior,2,99-113.
26. Merces, M. C. D.,Coelho, J. M. F.,Lua, I.,Silva, D. S. E.,Gomes, A. M. T.,Erdmann, A. L.,Oliveira, D. C.,Lago, S. B.,Santana, A. I. C.,Silva, D. A. R. D.,Servo, M. L. S.,Sobrinho, C. L. N.,Marques, S. C.,Figueiredo, V. P.,Peres, E. M.,Souza, M. C.,França, L. C. M.,Maciel, D.M. C.,Peixoto, Á. R. S.,Júnior, A. D.(2020).Prevalence and factors associatedwith burnout syndrome among primary health care nursing professionals: A cross-sectional study.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,17(2),Article 474.
27. Mesa-Melgarejo, L.,Romero Ballén, M. N.(2010).Nursing and care professionals in current working conditions.Investigación en Enfermería: Imagen y Desarrollo,12(2),55-92.
28. Muñoz, S.,Ordoñez, J.,Solarte, N.,Valverde, C.,Villarreal, S.,Zemanate, L.(2018).Burnout syndrome in patients of the Hospital Universitario San José, Popayán.Medical Journal of Risaralda,24(1),34-37.
29. National Council for the Evaluation of Social Development Policy(2018).,CONEVAL.
30. Nigenda, G.,Serván-Mori, E.,Aristizabal, P.,Zárate-Grajales, R.(2020).The correlates of precarious working conditions in the Mexican nursing labour market from 2005 to 2018: A repeated cross-sectional study.Journal of Nursing Management,28(5),1010-1020.
31. Noriega, M.,Franco, G.,Martínez, S.,Villegas, J.,Alvear, G.,López, J.(2001).Evaluation and monitoring of workers' health.UAM-X, Academic Series CBS,34
32. Prochnow, A.,Bosi, T.,De Souza, J.,Colomé, C.,Soares, S.,Toscani, P.(2013).Ability to work in nursing: Relationship with psychological demands and control over work.Latin American Journal of Enfermagem,21(6),1298-1305.
33. Rendón, M.,Militza, S.,Peralta Peña, L.,Hernández, A.,Hernández, I.,Vargas, R.,Favela, A.(2020).Burnout syndrome in nursing staff of critical care and hospitalization units.Global Nursing,19(59),479-506.
34. Silva, R. M.,Zeitoune, R. C.,Beck, C. L.,Martino, M. M.,Prestes, F. C.(2016).The effects of work on the health of nurses who work in clinical surgery departments at university hospitals.Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem,24,Article e2743.
35. Van Der Heijden, B. I. J. M.,Mulder, R. H.,König, C.,Anselmann, V.(2017).Toward a mediation model for nurses' well-being and psychological distress effects of quality of leadership and social support at work.Medicine,96(15),Article e6505.
36. Vidotti, V.,Ribeiro, R. P.,Galdino, M. J. Q.,Martins, J. T.(2018).Burnout syndrome and shift work among the nursing staff.Latin American Journal of Enfermagem,26,Article e3022.
37. Von Elm, E.,Altman, D. G.,Egger, M.,Pocock, S. J.,Gøtzsche, P. C.,Vandenbroucke, J. P.,STROBE Initiative(2008).The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies.Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,61(4),344-349.
38. Woo, T.,Ho, R.,Tang, A.,Tam, W.(2020).Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Psychiatric Research,123,9-20.
39. World Health Organization. (2004). Work organization and stress. Author. https://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/pwh3rev.pdf?ua=1 (Original work published in Spanish)
40. Zamora-Macorra, M.,Reding-Bernal, A.,Martínez Alcántara, S.,de Los Ángeles Garrido Gonzalez, M.(2019).Musculoskeletal disorders and occupational demands in nurses at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City.Journal of Nursing Management,27,1084-1090.