The Effects of Work Satisfaction and Work Flexibility on Burnout in Nurses

10.1097/jnr.0000000000000522

Huan-Fang LEE；Ying-Ju CHANG

nurses' burnout ； work satisfaction ； working condition flexibility

The Journal of Nursing Research

30卷6期（2022 / 12 / 01）

1 - 7

英文

Background: The World Health Organization has encouraged improving working conditions for nurses to decrease turnover and increase nurse staffing and nursing capacity. The International Council of Nurses has pointed out that a positive work environment can improve satisfaction and decrease burnout in nurses. However, the effects of working conditions and work satisfaction on burnout in nurses remain unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of working-condition-related flexibility and work satisfaction on burnout in nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, and 450 nurses from a single medical center participated in this study. In addition to demographic information, three survey instruments, including the Taiwanese Hospital Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, the Working Conditions and Flexible System Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Chinese Version, were used to measure working condition flexibility, work satisfaction, and burnout. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results: Four hundred thirty-five nurses were enrolled as participants. Most were female, with a mean age of 29 years. Over four fifths (83.1%) were unmarried, and 65.5% had at least 2 years of prior experience working at other hospitals. Although the participants reported experiencing burnout several times per month, they reported feeling satisfied with their work. They noted flexibility related to working conditions, especially task-related flexibility, as important. Four variables (satisfaction/professional autonomy, interpersonal interaction, workload, and working condition flexibility/task flexibility) were found to be significant predictors of emotional exhaustion (adjusted R^2 = 0.212). However, only professional autonomy was found to significantly predict a sense of low personal accomplishment (adjusted R^2=.077), whereas nursing competence significantly predicted depersonalization (adjusted R^2 = .086). Conclusions: Work satisfaction and flexibility related to working conditions were shown to relate negatively to burnout. Nursing managers should improve the level of satisfaction related to professional autonomy, interpersonal interaction, and workload as well as task flexibility for nurses.

1. Abadi, M. B. H.,Taban, E.,Khanjani, N.,Konjin, Z. N.,Khajehnasiri, F.,Samaei, S. E.(2021).Relationships between job satisfaction and job demand, job control, social support, and depression in Iranian nurses.The Journal of Nursing Research,29(2),Article e143.
   連結：
2. Huang, C.-I.,Lu, M.-S.(2017)。The effectiveness of a strategy for the flexible management of nursing human resources: A pilot study。The Journal of Nursing，64(6)，56-66。
   連結：
3. Huang, C.-I.,Yu, C.,Yu, C.-C.(2016)。An exploration of working conditions and flexible system for hospital nurses。The Journal of Nursing，63(2)，80-90。
   連結：
4. Liao, R.-W.,Yeh, M.-L.,Lin, K.-C.,Wang, K.-Y.(2020).A hierarchical model of occupational burnout in nurses associated with job-induced stress, self-concept, and work environment.The Journal of Nursing Research,28(2),Article e79.
   連結：
5. Tzeng, W. C.,Lin, C. F.,Lin, L. Y.,Lu, M. S.,Chiang, L. C.(2017)。Development and testing of the Taiwanese hospital nurses' job satisfaction scale。The Journal of Nursing，64(2)，44-54。
   連結：
6. Asiret, G. D.,Kapucu, S.,Kose, T. K.,Kurt, B.,Ersoy, N. A.(2017).Attitudes and satisfaction of nurses with the work environment in Turkey.International Journal of Caring Sciences,10(2),771-780.
7. Back, C. Y.,Hyun, D. S.,Jeung, D. Y.,Chang, S. J.(2020).Mediating effects of burnout in the association between emotional labor and turnover intention in Korean clinical nurses.Safety and Health at Work,11(1),88-96.
8. Billeter-Koponen, S.,Fredén, L.(2005).Long-term stress, burnout and patient–nurse relations: Qualitative interview study about nurses' experiences.Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences,19(1),20-27.
9. Carvalho, A. E. L. D.,Frazão, I. D. S.,Silva, D. M. R. D.,Andrade, M. S.,Vasconcelos, S. C.,Aquino, J. M. D.(2020).Stress of nursing professionals working in pre-hospital care.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,73(2),1-6.
10. Hornung, S.,Höge, T.,Rousseau, D. M.(2019).Task flexibility through individualized work redesign—Probing a three-pronged approach.Psychologie des Alltagshandeln/Psychology of Everyday Activity,12(2),60-72.
11. Kelly, L. A.,Gee, P. M.,Butler, R. J.(2021).Impact of nurse burnout on organizational and position turnover.Nursing Outlook,69(1),96-102.
12. Lee, H.-F.,Chiang, H.-Y.,Kuo, H.-T.(2019).Relationship between authentic leadership and nurses' intent to leave: The mediating role of work environment and burnout.Journal of Nursing Management,27(1),52-65.
13. Lee, H.-F.,Chien, T.-W.,Yen, M.(2013).Examining factor structure of Maslach burnout inventory among nurses in Taiwan.Journal of Nursing Management,21(4),648-656.
14. Lee, H.-F.,Yen, M.(2017).Nurse burnout in Taiwan.Journal of Nursing and Women's Health,2,1-5.
15. Li, Y.-H.,Lin, L.-D.,Tsai, C.-C.,Chou, M.-C.,Lin, M.-H.(2012)。Factors of influence on willingness to participate in the N3 nursing clinical ladder program。The Journal of Nursing，59(1)，41-50。
16. Liu, Y.,Aungsuroch, Y.,Yunibhand, J.(2016).Job satisfaction in nursing: A concept analysis study.International Nursing Review,63(1),84-91.
17. MacPhee, M.,Dahinten, V. S.,Havaei, F.(2017).The impact of heavy perceived nurse workloads on patient and nurse outcomes.Administrative Sciences,7(1),Article 7.
18. Maslach, C.(1982).The cost of caring.Prentice-Hall.
19. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan, ROC. (2019). Nursing policy and regulations. https://www.mohw.gov.tw/dl-51566-d64a9c62-d75e-4278-9f70-e5fde541de8f.html
20. O'Connor, K.,Neff, D. M.,Pitman, S.(2018).Burnout in mental health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and determinants.European Psychiatry,53,74-99.
21. Ose, S. O.,Tjønnås, M. S.,Kaspersen, S. L.,Færevik, H.(2019).One-year trial of 12-hour shifts in a non-intensive care unit and an intensive care unit in a public hospital: A qualitative study of 24 nurses' experiences.BMJ Open,9(7),Article e024292.
22. Wang, L.,Tao, H.,Bowers, B. J.,Brown, R.,Zhang, Y.(2017).Influence of social support and self-efficacy on resilience of early career registered nurses.Western Journal of Nursing Research,40(5),648-664.
23. Wang, S.,Liu, Y.,Wang, L.(2015).Nurse burnout: Personal and environmental factors as predictors.International Journal of Nursing Practice,21(1),78-86.
24. World Health Organization(2016).Global strategic directions for strengthening nursing and midwifery 2016–2020.
25. Wu, Y.,Wang, J.,Liu, J.,Zheng, J.,Liu, K.,Baggs, J. G.,Liu, X.,You, L.(2020).The impact of work environment on workplace violence, burnout and work attitudes for hospital nurses: A structural equation modelling analysis.Journal of Nursing Management,28(3),495-503.
26. Yestiana, Y.,Kurniati, T.,Hidayat, A. A. A.(2019).Predictors of burnout in nurses working in inpatient rooms at a public hospital in Indonesia.The Pan African Medical Journal,33,Article 148.
27. Zhao, H.,Jiang, J.(2021).Role stress, emotional exhaustion, and knowledge hiding: The joint moderating effects of network centrality and structural holes.Current Psychology,2021,1-13.

1. 陳秋曲(Chiu-Chu CHEN);李姿月(Tzu-Yueh LEE);趙麗玫(Li-Mei CHAO);吳姿蓉(Tzu-Jung WU)(2024)。後疫情時代護理人員的工作壓力、工作滿意度與韌性之相關性與預測因子。護理雜誌。71(4)。44-56。