醫院員工身體質量指數與運動習慣之現況分析

An Exploratory Study of Body Mass Index and Exercise Status among Hospital's Staff

10.7023/TJFM.200609.0167

羅慶徽(Ching-Hui Loh)；羅元婷(Yuan-Ting Lo)；嚴嘉楓(Chia-Feng Yen)；林金定(Jin-Ding Lin)；呂學琳(Hsueh-Lin Lu)；徐尚為(Shang-Wei Hsu)；朱明若(Corida M. Chu)；林雅雯(Ya-Wen Lin)；賴朝英(Chia-Im Lai)

body mass index ； exercise ； health promoting hospital ； health promotion

台灣家庭醫學雜誌

16卷3期（2006 / 09 / 01）

167 - 180

繁體中文

員工是醫院的資產，員工的健康是醫院提供完善醫療品質的基礎；因此，醫院有責任維持與促進員工的健康，並提供一個健康的工作環境以促進員工的健康，過去極少研究以醫院員工為對象深入探討他們的健康狀況，尤其是他們的健康生活習慣，再者，台北市衛生局在2002年11月首度舉辦健康醫院評鑑，其中減重項目所佔比例最高。本研究主要目的乃在除了關心醫院員工身體質量指數(BMI)的分布及其影響因素之外，更初步調查醫院員工的運動情形，期望藉此健康狀態評估之調查，作為規劃健康促進醫院計畫之基礎。本研究為橫斷性研究，以結構性問卷來收集三軍總醫院649位員工的健康相關資料，研究結果發現研究對象BMI 平均值為22.0，BMI值在27以上達到「肥胖」標準者佔了8.9%；BMI值為24-27達到「過重」標準者佔了15.5%，BMI值屬於標準值(18.5-24)者佔了61.7%，而BMI值在18.5以下者則為13.9%。有規律運動習慣之醫院員工佔41.4%，其每週運動平均次數為2.5次，每次平均運動時間約為49分鐘，主要運動的類型以跑步為最多，其次是游泳。沒有運動習慣者不運動的原因以工作繁忙以致太累佔73.9%為最多，其次是沒有時間佔51.3%。更進一步分析BMI與運動之相關性，統計上並無顯著差異。在影響BMI因素的邏輯斯複迴歸模式中發現在「過重組」中「性別」有統計上的顯著意義，男性過重的風險為女性的四倍之多(OR=4.47, 95% CI=2.20-9.04)；而有無規律運動之邏輯斯複迴歸分析，發現在控制其它變項後，服務年資為10年以上者且有規律運動的機會者為服務年資5年以下者的1.95倍(95% CI=1.09-3.56)，而護理人員卻比醫院的行政人員有顯著較低的運動機會(OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.32-0.94)。上述影響因子可做為未來醫院規劃員工健康促進的依據，以增進員工健康。

Human resource is the vital asset of a hospital and the good health of employees is the fundamental of the appropriate healthcare services. The healthcare managers have duties to enable and improve the good health of employees in hospitals. However, only few studies focus on the hospital employees' health, particularly in their healthy life styles. Moreover, Department of Health, Taipei City Government conducted a healthy hospital evaluation in Taipei in December. 2002. The proportion of lost weight was one of the highest priorities. This study was aimed to describe the body mass index (BMI) and regular exercise among hospital's staff, and to explore their determinants. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to analyze 649 subjects from Tri-Service General Hospital in Taipei in 2002. We found that the average BMI of the hospital's staff was 22.0 with 8.9% subjects being obese (BMI＞27) and 15.5% subjects overweight (27≧BMI≧24). With regard to the regular exercise, 41.4% of subjects expressed that they did exercise regularly. They did exercise 2.5 times weekly and 49 minutes/per time in average. Jogging and swimming were the more popular activities than other types of exercises. Among those subjects without regular exercise, too busy or too tired were the main reasons. In the logistic regression model of BMI, the gender was the only factor to predict the ”overweight” group in BMI. The male was more prone to be overweighed than the female subjects (OR=4.47, 95% CI=2.20-9.04). In the logistic regression model of regular exercise, we found that length of services and job categories were the factors to affect the habit of regular exercise. Those subjects served more than 10 years were more likely to have regular exercise than those served less than 5 years in the hospital (OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.09-3.56). The nursing staff were less likely to have regular exercise than those administrative staff in the hospital (OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.34-0.94). Our findings can be applied to health promotion planning in the hospital to improve the health status of hospital's staff.

1. Exercise, Stress Management Show Physiological Benefits for Heart Patients 2005
2. Blumenthal JA,Sherwood A,Gullette ECD(2000).Exercise and weight loss reduce blood pressure in men and women with mild hypertension.Arch Intern Med,160,1947-1958.
3. Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety(1999).Extended Workday: Health & Safety Issues.Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety.
4. Egger G,Swinburn B(1977).An `ecological` approach to the obesity pandemic.BMJ,315,477-480.
5. Janine F(2005).Keeping off lost weight. For more than a decade, the National Weight Control Registry has been tracking people who have lost weight and kept it off.Diabetes Forecast,58,58-61.
6. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
7. Marks RG(1982).Designing a Research Project.Wadsworth:Belmont.
8. Must A,Phillips SM,Naumova EN(2002).Recall of early menstrual history and menacheal body size: After 30 years, how well do women remember?.Am J Epidemiol,155,672-679.
9. Park HS,Oh SW,Cho Sung-Il,Choi WH,Kim YS(2004).The metabolic syndrome and associated lifestyle factors among South Korean adults.Int J Epidemiol,33,328-336.
10. Swinburn B,Egger G(2002).Preventive strategies against weight gain and obesity.Obesity review,3,289-301.
11. Thomas GN,Critchley JA,Tomlinson B,Anderson PJ,Lee ZS,Chan JC(2000).Obesity, independent of insulin resistance, is a major determinant of blood pressure in normoglycemic.Hong Kong Chinese. Metabolism,49,1523-1528.
12. Wakabayashi I(2004).Relationships of body mass index with blood pressure and serum cholesterol concentrations at different ages.Aging Clin Exp Res,16,461-466.
13. WHO(2002).Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life.The World Health Report.
14. World Health Organization(2004).Report of a WHO consultation.Geneva:World Health Organization.
15. 健康醫院評鑑表
16. 國人肥胖定義及處理原則出爐
17. 行政院衛生署(2002)。中華民國九十年台灣地區醫療機構現況及醫院醫療服務量統計摘要表2002。台北:行政院衛生署。
18. 李蘭、陸玓玲、李隆安、黃美維、潘怜燕、鄧肖琳(1995)。台灣地區成人的健康行為探討： 分佈情形、因素結構和相關因素。中華衛誌，14，358-368。
19. 林金定、羅慶徽、羅元婷、呂學琳、嚴嘉楓、林雅雯、賴朝英(2003)。衛 生署國民健康局九十一度民眾醫療保健行為衛生教育計畫成果報告衛 生署國民健康局九十一度民眾醫療保健行為衛生教育計畫成果報告,未出版
20. 促進健康體能的方法
21. 勞工安全衛生研究所(2000)。輪班生活知多少－對健康等影響。勞工行政，149，64-66。
22. 民間勞動人口網頁

1. 陳柏霖、余民寧(2010)。健康促進與憂鬱之關係。高雄師大學報：教育與社會科學類，29，73-99。
2. 駱俊霖、張世沛、高文揚、施國森(2011)。不同醫療工作者健康體適能差異比較。運動與遊憩研究，5(3)，128-137。
3. 賴鈺嘉、楊鈺雯、張倖綺、洪沛琳、林益卿(2008)。某醫院健康促進計畫對其員工體適能變化初探。臺灣家庭醫學雜誌，18(3)，159-169。
4. 張莉莉、呂萬安(2015)。大專學生肥胖程度與健康因子相關性分析。中醫藥研究論叢，18(2)，18-31。
5. 張文英、李碧霞、呂桂雲(2016)。比較護理人員、醫師及其他醫事人員身體活動階段之差異。護理雜誌，63(5)，76-85。
6. 鄭博文、趙正敏、游雅雯、施政睿(2015)。醫院員工對醫療廢棄物風險特性、風險知覺與廢棄物處理過程認知之研究─以雲林地區區域醫院為例。顧客滿意學刊，11(2)，159-192。
7. (2024)。自我肩頸矯正與牽拉運動對職場上背部肌肉骨骼不適之成效探討：一項隨機對照試驗。醫學與健康期刊，13(2)，1-17。