题名

成人身體質量指數與特定社區型感染症相關性之文獻回顧

并列篇名

Review of the Association between Body Mass Index and Site-specific Community-acquired Infections in Adults

DOI

10.3966/168232812020093003001

作者

沈怡伶(Yi-Ling Shen)；余文瑞(Wen-Ry Yu)

关键词

肥胖 ； 身體質量數 ； 社區型感染症 ； 免疫 ； body mass index (BMI) ； community-acquired infections ； immune ； obesity

期刊名称

台灣家庭醫學雜誌

卷期/出版年月

30卷3期（2020 / 09 / 01）

页次

115 - 129

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

肥胖增加心血管疾病及代謝性疾病的風險已為人所知，是近幾年全球公共衛生的重要議題。當各國將健康議題放在非傳染性疾病（non-communicable disease, NCD）的當下，不可否認的是感染症仍是造成全球死亡原因的前十名，包括下呼道感染症、感染性腹瀉以及肺結核。有不少研究指出肥胖是術後感染和院內感染的危險因子，相較之下肥胖跟社區型感染症的相關文獻較少，值得注意。其背後機轉可能跟過多的脂肪細胞長期分泌發炎前驅因子進而影響人體免疫細胞的調控有關。成人體重不足的議題比起嬰幼兒跟老人族群比較不常被討論，體重不足背後可能象徵著營養不良或是未被發現的慢性疾病問題，導致這群人可能相較於正常體重族群在對抗病原體入侵時，無法有效地啟動體內的發炎過程對抗致病菌，為易感受族群。身體質量數（body mass index, BMI）是臨床上與流行病學上最常被用來代表身體密度的指標。本篇文獻回顧的目的在探討異常的BMI是否在面對不同的社區型感染症時，為不同的易感受族群，而有不同的結果。
英文摘要

Obesity, known to increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, has been an important global public health issue. In spite of the focus of the global medical community on non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases like lower respiratory infections, infectious diarrhea, and tuberculosis, continue to make their ways into the list of top ten causes of death worldwide. Studies have identified obesity as a risk factor for postoperative infections and nosocomial infections. However, there is only limited literature on the association between obesity and the risk of community-acquired infection. An underlying mechanism may be related to immune dysregulation caused by long-term secretion of proinflammatory factors by excessive adipocytes. The issue of underweight in adults has attracted less attention than those in children and the elderly. Compared to those with normal weight, underweight people may experience malnutrition or undetected chronic diseases, which can cause deficits in the innate and adaptive immune systems when fighting pathogens. Body Mass Index (BMI) is the most used indicator of body density. The purpose of this review is to investigate whether people marked with abnormal BMI are more susceptible to different community-acquired infections.
主题分类 醫藥衛生 > 社會醫學
参考文献
  1. World Health Organization. https://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/thetop-10-causes-of-death. Accessed May 24, 2018.
  2. Arabi, YM,Dara, SI,Tamim, HM(2013).Clinical characteristics, sepsis interventions and outcomes in the obese patients with septic shock: an international multicenter cohort study.Crit Care,17,R72.
  3. Armstrong, C(2010).Updated guideline on diagnosis and treatment of intra-abdominal infections.Am Fam Physician,82,694-709.
  4. Baik, I,Curhan, GC,Rimm, EB,Bendich, A,Willett, WC,Fawzi, WW(2000).A prospective study of age and lifestyle factors in relation to community-acquired pneumonia in US men and women.Arch Intern Med,160,3082-3088.
  5. Bang, CS,Yoon, JH,Kim, YJ(2014).Clinical impact of body mass index on bactibilia and bacteremia.BMC Gastroenterol,14,104.
  6. Bishara, J,Farah, R,Mograbi, J(2013).Obesity as a risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection.Clin Infect Dis,57,489-493.
  7. Blumentals, WA,Nevitt, A,Peng, MM,Toovey, S(2012).Body mass index and the incidence of influenza-associated pneumonia in a UK primary care cohort.Influenza Other Respir Viruses,6,28-36.
  8. Bourke, CD,Berkley, JA,Prendergast, AJ(2016).Immune dysfunction as a cause and consequence of malnutrition.Trends in Immunology,37,386-398.
  9. Braun, N,Gomes, F,Schütz, P(2015).The obesity paradox” in disease—is the protective effect of obesity true?.Swiss Med Wkly,145,w14265.
  10. Brito, Díaz B,Marcelino, Rodríguez I,Almeida, González D,Rodríguez, Pérez M(2014).Cabrera de León A: An overview of leptin and the Th1/Th2 balance.Open J Immunol,4,42-50.
  11. Cegielski, P,McMurray, DN(2004).The relationship between malnutrition and tuberculosis: evidence from studies in humans and experimental animals.Int J Tuberc Lung Dis,8,286-298.
  12. Cereda, E,Solmi, M,Solmi, M(2015).Inverse relationship between body mass index and mortality in older nursing home residents: a meta-analysis of 19538 elderly subjects.Obes Rev,16,1001-1015.
  13. Dobner, J,Kaser, S(2018).Body mass index and the risk of infection - from underweight to obesity.Clin Microbiol Infect,24,24-28.
  14. Enriori, P,Evans, AE,Sinnayah, P(2007).Dietinduced obesity causes severe but reversible leptin resistance in arcuate melanocortin neurons.Cell Metab,5,181-194.
  15. Falagas, ME,Kompoti, M(2006).Obesity and infection.Lancet Infect Dis,6,438-446.
  16. Fantuzzi, G(2005).Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation.J Allergy Clin Immunol,115,911-919.
  17. Frydrych, LM,Bian, G,O'Lone, DE,Ward, PA,Delano, MJ(2018).Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus drive immune dysfunction, infection development, and sepsis mortality.J Leukoc Biol,104,525-534.
  18. Gaulton, TG,Gaieski, DF,Mehta, J,Lautenbach, E,Mehta, J,Lautenbach, E(2014).The effect of obesity on clinical outcomes in presumed sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.Intern Emerg Med,9,213-221.
  19. Ghilotti, F,Bellocco, R,Ye, W,Adami, HO,Trolle Lagerros, Y(2019).Obesity and risk of infections: results from men and women in the Swedish National March Cohort.Int J Epidemiol,48,1783-1794.
  20. Harpsoe, MC,Nielsen, NM,Friis-Moller, N(2016).Body mass index and risk of infections among women in the Danish national birth cohort.Am J Epidemiol,183,1008-1017.
  21. Huttunen, R,Laine, J,Lumio, J,Vento, R,Syrjänen, J(2007).Obesity and smoking are factors associated with poor prognosis in patients with bacteraemia.BMC Infect Dis,7,13-13.
  22. Inoue, Y,Koizumi, A,Wada, Y(2007).Risk and protective factors related to mortality from pneumonia among middleaged and elderly community residents: The JACC Study.J Epidemiol,17,194-202.
  23. Jamal, Talabani A,Lydersen, S,Ness-Jensen, E,Endreseth, BH,Edna, TH(2016).Risk factors of admission for acute colonic diverticulitis in a population-based cohort study: The North Trondelag Health Study, Norway.World J Gastroenterol,22,10663-10672.
  24. Jiang, L1,Tian, W,Wang, Y(2012).Body mass index and susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis.Joint Bone Spine,79,291-297.
  25. Karki, S,Muscatello, DJ,Banks, E,MacIntyre, CR,McIntyre, P,Liu, B(2018).Association between body mass index and laboratory-confirmed influenza in middle aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study.Int J Obes (Lond),42,1480-1488.
  26. Kaspersen, KA,Pedersen, OB,Petersen, MS(2015).Obesity and risk of infection: results from the Danish Blood Donor Study.Epidemiology,26,580-589.
  27. Kato, I,Nomura, A,Stemmermann, GN,Chyou, PH(1992).Prospective study of clinical gallbladder disease and its association with obesity, physical activity, and other factors.Dig Dis Sci,37,784-790.
  28. Kennedy, JL,Haberling, DL,Huang, CC(2019).Infectious disease hospitalizations: United States, 2001 to 2014.Chest,156,255-68.
  29. Kershaw, EE,Flier, JS(2004).Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ.J Clin Endocrinol Metab,89,2548-2556.
  30. Kornum, JB,Norgaard, M,Dethlefsen, C(2010).Obesity and risk of subsequent hospitalisation with pneumonia.Eur Respir J,36,1330-1336.
  31. Kuperman, EF,Showalter, JW,Lehman, EB,Leib, AE,Kraschnewski, JL(2013).The impact of obesity on sepsis mortality: a retrospective review.BMC Infect Dis,13,377.
  32. Kwong, JC,Campitelli, MA,Rosella, LC(2011).Obesity and respiratory hospitalizations during influenza seasons in Ontario, Canada: a cohort study.Clin Infect Dis,53,413-421.
  33. Lauby-Secretan, B,Scoccianti, C,Loomis, D,Grosse, Y,Bianchini, F,Straif, K(2016).Body fatness and cancer — viewpoint of the IARC Working Group.N Engl J Med,375,794-798.
  34. Leung, CC,Lam, TH,Chan, WM(2007).Lower risk of tuberculosis in obesity.Arch Intern Med,167,1297-1304.
  35. Lin, HH,Wu, CY,Wang, CH(2018).Association of Obesity, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: Two Population-Based Cohorts.Clin Infect Dis,66,699-705.
  36. Lonnroth, K,Williams, BG,Cegielski, P,Dye, C(2010).A consistent log-linear relationship between tuberculosis incidence and body mass index.Int J Epidemiol,39,149-155.
  37. Louie, JK,Acosta, M,Samuel, MC(2011).A novel risk factor for a novel virus: obesity and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1).Clin Infect Dis,52,301-312.
  38. Ma, W,Jovani, M,Liu, PH(2018).Association between obesity and weight change and risk of diverticulitis in women.Gastroenterology,155,58-66.
  39. Mancuso, P(2013).Obesity and respiratory infections: does excess adiposity weigh down host defense?.Pulm Pharmacol Ther,26,412-419.
  40. Maurya, R,Bhattacharya, P,Dey, R(2018).Leptin Functions in Infections Diseases.Frontiers in Immunology,9,2741.
  41. Morgan, OW,Bramley, A,Fowlkes, A(2010).Morbid obesity as a risk factor for hospitalization and death due to 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) disease.PLoS One,5,e9694.
  42. Neyrolles, O,Hernández-Pando, R,Pietri, Rouxel F(2006).Is adipose tissue a place for Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence?.PLoS One,1,e43.
  43. Nie, W,Zhang, Y,Jee, SH,Jung, KJ,Li, B,Xiu, Q(2014).Obesity survival paradox in pneumonia: a meta-analysis.BMC Med,12,61.
  44. Park, M,Song, DY,Je, Y,Lee, JE(2014).Body mass index and biliary tract disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.Prev Med,65,13-22.
  45. Pepper, DJ,Sun, J,Welsh, J,Cui, X,Suffredini, AF,Eichacker, PQ(2016).Increased body mass index and adjusted mortality in ICU patients with sepsis or septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Crit Care,20,181.
  46. Pérez-Guzmán, C,Vargas, MH,Quiñonez, F,Bazavilvazo, N,Aguilar, A(2005).A cholesterol-rich diet accelerates bacteriologic sterilization in pulmonary tuberculosis.Chest,127,643-651.
  47. Phung, DT,Wang, Z(2013).Risk of pneumonia in relation to body mass index in Australian Aboriginal people.Epidemiol Infect,141,2497-2502.
  48. Phung, DT,Wang, Z,Rutherford, S,Huang, C,Chu, C(2013).Body mass index and risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and metaanalysis.Obes Rev,14,839-857.
  49. Prescott, HC,Chang, VW,O'Brien, JM Jr,Langa, KM,Iwashyna, TJ(2014).Obesity and oneyear outcomes in older Americans with severe sepsis.Crit Care Med,42,1766-1774.
  50. Ramirez JA: Overview of communityacquired pneumonia in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-ofcommunity-acquired-pneumonia-in-adults/print. Accessed November 11, 2019.
  51. Reeves, GK,Balkwill, A,Cairns, BJ,Beral, V(2014).Hospital admissions in relation to body mass index in UK women: a prospective cohort study.BMC Med,12,45.
  52. Rosemar, A,Angeras, U,Rosengren, A(2008).Body mass index and diverticular disease: a 28-year follow-up study in men.Dis Colon Rectum,51,450-455.
  53. Saliba, W,Barnett-Griness, O,Rennert, G(2013).The association between obesity and urinary tract infection.Eur J Intern Med,24,127-131.
  54. Semins, MJ,Shore, AD,Makary, MA,Weiner, J,Matlaga, BR(2012).The impact of obesity on urinary tract infection risk.Urology,79,266-269.
  55. Singh, GMDanaei, G,Farzadfar, F(2013).The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis.PLoS One,8,e65174.
  56. Sinha, P,Davis, J,Saag, L(2019).Undernutrition and tuberculosis: public health implications.J Infect Dis,219,1356-1363.
  57. Sowers, MR,Wildman, RP,Mancuso, P(2008).Change in adipocytokines and ghrelin with menopause.Maturitas,59,149-157.
  58. The Global BMI Mortality Collaboration(2016).Body-mass index and all-cause mortality: individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 239 prospective studies in four continents.Lancet,388,776-786.
  59. Trivedi, V,Bavishi, C,Jean, R(2015).Impact of obesity on sepsis mortality: A systematic review.J Crit Care,30,518-524.
  60. Wacharasint, P,Boyd, JH,Russell, JA,Walley, KR(2013).One size does not fit all in severe infection: obesity alters outcome, susceptibility, treatment, and inflammatory response.Crit Care,17,R122.
  61. Wurzinger, B,Dünser, MW,Wohlmuth, C(2010).The association between body-mass index and patient outcome in septic shock: a retrospective cohort study.Wien Klin Wochenschr,122,31-36.
  62. Yen, YF,Hu, HY,Lee, YL(2017).Obesity/overweight reduces the risk of active tuberculosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan.Int J Obes,41,971-975.
print cancel